The study of hybrid materials based on organic polymers and inorganic species merges two areas of chemistry, trying to bring together the best properties of each component and so to exploit the advantages of both systems. Hydrogels are 3D polymeric structures possessing particular properties that make them suitable to be used in different biomedical applications. At the same time, gold nanoparticles are interesting materials to be used in nanomedicine due to their peculiar characteristics. Both materials show also high biocompatibility that is fundamental for the desired application. In this thesis work, gold nanoparticles were included in agar carbomer-based hydrogels in order to study their influence on both hydrogels behaviours and properties. Two different preparation methods were explored in order to evaluate also the influence of the way in which gold nanoparticles are included in the system. In collaboration with the Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies (ISTM) of the Italian National Research Council (CNR), gold nanoparticles with different shapes, sizes and coatings were synthesized and characterized, with a particular focus on gold nanospheres. It was in fact decided to study and characterize under many different points of view the influence of one single kind of gold nanoparticle in these new hybrid systems. From a practical point of view, once gold nanoparticles were successfully inserted in the hydrogel network without being released, mainly the swelling behaviour and the drug release of gold nanocomposite hydrogels were studied at different temperature and pH conditions. Furthermore, in collaboration with the Physic Department of Politecnico di Milano, the influence of Au NPs on the plasmonic behaviour of hydrogels was studied, in order to exploit them in the future for triggered and controlled drug delivery or imaging applications. Anyway, since these organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogels seem to show very interesting properties, further experiments are currently under investigation, moreover in the fields of drug release and plasmonic behaviour. This is the reason why it is forecast to have future progresses and evolutions starting from this thesis work.
Lo studio di materiali ibridi basati su polimeri organici e specie inorganiche mette insieme due aree della chimica, cercando di unire le migliori proprietà di ogni componente e quindi di sfruttare i vantaggi di entrambi i sistemi. Gli idrogeli sono strutture reticolari tridimensionali con particolari proprietà che li rendono adatti per essere utilizzati in molteplici applicazioni biomediche. Al tempo stesso, le nanoparticelle d’oro sono materiali interessanti che possono essere utilizzati nella nano medicina grazie alle loro caratteristiche peculiari. Entrambi i materiali mostrano anche un’elevata biocompatibilità che è fondamentale per la loro applicazione finale. In questo lavoro di tesi, le nanoparticelle d’oro sono state incluse all’interno di idrogeli ottenuti da una miscela di agarosio e carbomer, con lo scopo di studiare la loro influenza sia sulle loro proprietà che sui loro comportamenti. Sono stati esplorati due diversi metodi di preparazione per valutare anche l’eventuale influenza dovuta al modo in cui le nanoparticelle sono aggiunte al sistema. In collaborazione con l’Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM) del Consiglio Nazionale di Ricerche (CNR), sono state sintetizzate e caratterizzate nanoparticelle d’oro con diverse forme, dimensioni e rivestimenti, con un’attenzione particolare per le nanosfere di oro. È stato infatti deciso di studiare e caratterizzare sotto diversi punti di vista l’influenza di un solo tipo di nano particella su questi nuovi materiali ibridi. Da un punto di vista pratico, una volta che le nanoparticelle d’oro sono state inserite con successo nella struttura dell’idrogelo senza essere rilasciate, i comportamenti di swelling e di rilascio dell’idrogelo nanocomposito sono stati studiati in diverse condizioni di temperatura e pH. Inoltre, in collaborazione con il Dipartimento di Fisica del Politecnico di Milano, è stata studiata l’influenza delle nanoparticelle d’oro sul comportamento plasmonico degli idrogeli, con lo scopo di poterli sfruttare nel trasporto innescato e controllato di farmaci o in applicazioni di imaging. Tuttavia, poiché questi idrogeli organici-inorganici, sembrano mostrare proprietà molto interessanti, ulteriori esperimenti sono ancora sotto analisi, soprattutto nei campi di rilasci di farmaci e di comportamento plasmonico. Questa è la ragione per cui si presuppone che ci saranno evoluzioni e progressi futuri partendo da questo studio.
Organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogels for biomedical applications
SCHIAVON, CHIARA
2017/2018
Abstract
The study of hybrid materials based on organic polymers and inorganic species merges two areas of chemistry, trying to bring together the best properties of each component and so to exploit the advantages of both systems. Hydrogels are 3D polymeric structures possessing particular properties that make them suitable to be used in different biomedical applications. At the same time, gold nanoparticles are interesting materials to be used in nanomedicine due to their peculiar characteristics. Both materials show also high biocompatibility that is fundamental for the desired application. In this thesis work, gold nanoparticles were included in agar carbomer-based hydrogels in order to study their influence on both hydrogels behaviours and properties. Two different preparation methods were explored in order to evaluate also the influence of the way in which gold nanoparticles are included in the system. In collaboration with the Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies (ISTM) of the Italian National Research Council (CNR), gold nanoparticles with different shapes, sizes and coatings were synthesized and characterized, with a particular focus on gold nanospheres. It was in fact decided to study and characterize under many different points of view the influence of one single kind of gold nanoparticle in these new hybrid systems. From a practical point of view, once gold nanoparticles were successfully inserted in the hydrogel network without being released, mainly the swelling behaviour and the drug release of gold nanocomposite hydrogels were studied at different temperature and pH conditions. Furthermore, in collaboration with the Physic Department of Politecnico di Milano, the influence of Au NPs on the plasmonic behaviour of hydrogels was studied, in order to exploit them in the future for triggered and controlled drug delivery or imaging applications. Anyway, since these organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogels seem to show very interesting properties, further experiments are currently under investigation, moreover in the fields of drug release and plasmonic behaviour. This is the reason why it is forecast to have future progresses and evolutions starting from this thesis work.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogels for biomedical applications_Chiara Schiavon.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/145124