The Fourth Industrial Revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, represents a complex system, which is made up of several intertwined variables. Each of them evolves and changes according to the progress in technological knowledge, to the outbreak of new financial performances and new ways of creating value along the supply chain. If compared to the other three revolutions, this one is certainly the most disruptive, fast and vast. Due to these characteristics, although it has been addressed in a larger and larger number of papers and researches, gaps are still present in literature and unawareness in the mindset of companies. In order to have a complete overview of the phenomenon, the literature highlights 4 areas of interest: finance area, innovation area, workforce area, and value chain area. By analyzing each of them, it is possible to create a clear big picture. A deep analysis of the literature and a survey submitted to 100 European and Chinese companies have highlighted the small effort that companies are putting in order to assist the human workforce in the process of change caused by Industry 4.0. For this reason, the focus has been the human workforce area. Therefore, this thesis work aimed at guiding companies that have to respond to the impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on the workforce area by providing a causal framework that stresses the consequences of the introduction of the enabling technologies of Industry 4.0 on the human capital. The main outcome of this framework, in the shape of a table, enables to analyze all the indicators that constitute the Nation’s Human Manufacturing Capability, a variable that allows to understand the level of human manufacturing capability at a national level. To provide a practical example, this variable is analyzed for two countries: Italy and China. These two countries, which have the common characteristic of being relevant in the manufacturing industry, allow to bring a theoretical concept in reality. The causal model and the variable “Nation’s Human Manufacturing Capability” have been validated through interviews with academics and professionals. Despite this thesis work focuses on comparing Italy and China, allows to give practical indication to companies belonging to any country. This thesis work contributes to the knowledge creation about the concept of Industry 4.0 and provides guidelines about how to make the human workforce evolve in order to be aligned with the new needs required by Industry 4.0. In this way, it supports companies in facing the challenges and exploiting the opportunities of this revolution.
La quarta rivoluzione industriale, nota anche come Industria 4.0, rappresenta un sistema complesso, costituito da diverse variabili intrecciate. Ognuna di loro evolve e cambia in base al progresso delle conoscenze tecnologiche, all’emergere di nuove performance finanziarie e nuovi modi di creare valore lungo la catena di approvvigionamento. Se paragonata alle altre tre rivoluzioni, questa è sicuramente la più dirompente, veloce e vasta. A causa di queste caratteristiche, sebbene questo argomento sia stato affrontato in un numero sempre maggiore di articoli e ricerche, sono ancora presenti lacune in letteratura e inconsapevolezza nella mentalità delle aziende. La letteratura evidenzia 4 aree di interesse che, se analizzate, permettono di avere una visione completa del fenomeno: area finanziaria, area dell’innovazione, area della forza lavoro e area della catena del valore. Un'analisi approfondita della letteratura e un sondaggio presentato a 100 società europee e cinesi hanno messo in luce il piccolo sforzo che le aziende stanno attuando per supportare la forza lavoro nel processo di cambiamento richiesto dall’ Industria 4.0. Per questo motivo, l'area della forza lavoro è stata presa in considerazione come elemento principale sul quale focalizzarsi. Pertanto, questo lavoro di tesi mira a fornire delle linee guida alle aziende che devono rispondere ai cambiamenti imposti dalla quarta rivoluzione industriale sull'area della forza lavoro fornendo un modello causale che sottolinea l’impatto dell'introduzione delle tecnologie abilitanti dell'Industria 4.0 sulla forza lavoro. Inoltre, questo modello porta alla definizione di una variabile (risultato di diversi indicatori) che misura la capacità produttiva umana a livello nazionale (Nation's Human Manufacturing Capability). Analizzando i trend degli indicatori che compongono questa variabile è possibile capire come il paese sta rispondendo alle nuove necessità dettate dall’Industria 4.0. Per fornire un esempio pratico, questo studio è stato calato all’interno di due importanti realtà manifatturiere: l'Italia e la Cina. Il modello causale e la variabile "Nation's Human Manufacturing Capability" sono stati convalidati attraverso interviste con accademici e professionisti del settore. Nonostante questo lavoro di tesi si concentri sull’utilizzo di questa variabile per confrontare i due paesi (Italia e Cina), esso fornisce un modello utilizzabile da qualunque azienda operante in qualunque paese. Questo lavoro di tesi contribuisce alla creazione di conoscenza del concetto di Industria 4.0 e fornisce linee guida su come far evolvere la forza lavoro in modo tale da renderla allineata alle nuove esigenze di questa rivoluzione. In questo modo, supporta le aziende nell'affrontare le sfide e sfruttare le opportunità del 4.0.
Industry 4.0 : a comparison between Italy and China from a workforce capability perspective
BALDASSARRA, LAVINIA;CARANNANTE, NOEMI
2017/2018
Abstract
The Fourth Industrial Revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, represents a complex system, which is made up of several intertwined variables. Each of them evolves and changes according to the progress in technological knowledge, to the outbreak of new financial performances and new ways of creating value along the supply chain. If compared to the other three revolutions, this one is certainly the most disruptive, fast and vast. Due to these characteristics, although it has been addressed in a larger and larger number of papers and researches, gaps are still present in literature and unawareness in the mindset of companies. In order to have a complete overview of the phenomenon, the literature highlights 4 areas of interest: finance area, innovation area, workforce area, and value chain area. By analyzing each of them, it is possible to create a clear big picture. A deep analysis of the literature and a survey submitted to 100 European and Chinese companies have highlighted the small effort that companies are putting in order to assist the human workforce in the process of change caused by Industry 4.0. For this reason, the focus has been the human workforce area. Therefore, this thesis work aimed at guiding companies that have to respond to the impacts of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on the workforce area by providing a causal framework that stresses the consequences of the introduction of the enabling technologies of Industry 4.0 on the human capital. The main outcome of this framework, in the shape of a table, enables to analyze all the indicators that constitute the Nation’s Human Manufacturing Capability, a variable that allows to understand the level of human manufacturing capability at a national level. To provide a practical example, this variable is analyzed for two countries: Italy and China. These two countries, which have the common characteristic of being relevant in the manufacturing industry, allow to bring a theoretical concept in reality. The causal model and the variable “Nation’s Human Manufacturing Capability” have been validated through interviews with academics and professionals. Despite this thesis work focuses on comparing Italy and China, allows to give practical indication to companies belonging to any country. This thesis work contributes to the knowledge creation about the concept of Industry 4.0 and provides guidelines about how to make the human workforce evolve in order to be aligned with the new needs required by Industry 4.0. In this way, it supports companies in facing the challenges and exploiting the opportunities of this revolution.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Tesi Baldassarra Carannante.pdf
non accessibile
Descrizione: Testo della tesi
Dimensione
5.4 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
5.4 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/145325