Although in the construction sector the digitalisation of the system is no longer a novelty, there is still a certain lack of homogeneity of approach and the presence of many problems in terms of information exchange. In fact, the digitalization of companies is not absolutely uniform: there are highly digitized companies, which are able to fully exploit the potential of e.g. a BIM project or a multimedia data sharing environment, while others are still strongly linked to a traditional methodology. These problems are evident on several fronts, starting from the very first phases of the project, with the definition of the client's needs, up to the transfer of data between companies and suppliers, with the aim of drafting the AsBuilt and the maintenance plan. In order to optimize the exchange of information it is necessary to develop a series of tools that are able to standardize and simplify the process, identifying at the same time only the essential information for the correct progress of the supply chain. One of these tools is constituted by PLQ (Plain Language Questions), a series of simple questions that a hypothetical consultant should ask the client, with the purpose of defining their needs, by tracing what will be the guidelines of the whole process. For the elaboration of these tools it was therefore necessary to compare the Italian building process with that of the United Kingdom, so as to identify its strengths and weaknesses. From this study emerged the need to implement strategic planning in order to optimize the management and the organization of the process. We can see the need to examine the issue of the digital information exchange, as shown in the New Procurement Code. If the objective to be reached it is not taken into account from the early stages. The definition of the customer's needs will be incomplete if the objective to be reached is not considered from the earliest stages. this objective consists in the constructive translation carried out by the companies in order to translate in operative terms, what is contained within the project drawings. In order to define the information and data necessary for the companies on time, it was considered necessary to develop an instrument to investigate their needs. In this case the most suitable tool was a questionnaire. For the elaboration of the survey tool, we started from what emerged from the studies carried out during the three-year thesis and then analyzed, in more detail, the characteristics of the information exchange and the business structure. The questionnaire was optimized and made even better thanks to the collaboration of a group of companies that were directly interviewed for the occasion. The effectiveness of the PILOT questionnaire drawn up in this way will be verified through a small sample of companies. Having verified the above thanks to the first data, it will be possible to forward the QUESTIONNAIRE, now definitive, to a much larger sample of companies. In conclusion, the objective was to develop, with the active collaboration of the companies, a performing survey tool that optimize the communication between the companies and the other players in the supply chain, such as customers and suppliers.
Nonostante nel settore delle costruzioni la digitalizzazione del sistema non sia più una novità, si nota ancora una certa disomogeneità di approccio e la permanenza di non poche problematiche a livello di scambio informativo. La digitalizzazione delle imprese infatti non è assolutamente uniforme: vi sono imprese fortemente digitalizzate, che riescono a sfruttare a pieno le potenzialità per esempio di un progetto BIM o di un ambiente di condivisione dati multimediale, mentre altre sono ancora fortemente legate ad una metodologia tradizionale. Tali problematiche risultano evidenti su più fronti, a partire dalle primissime fasi del progetto, con la definizione delle esigenze della committenza, fino al passaggio di dati tra imprese e fornitori, avendo come fine la redazione dell’AsBuilt e del piano di manutenzione. Al fine di ottimizzare lo scambio informativo è necessario elaborare una serie di strumenti che siano in grado di standardizzare e semplificare il processo, individuando al contempo soltanto le informazioni essenziali al corretto procedere della filiera. Uno di questi strumenti è costituito dalle PLQ (Plain Language Questions), una serie di semplici domande che un ipotetico consulente dovrebbe porre al committente, con il fine di definirne le esigenze, tracciando quelle che saranno le linee guida dell’intero processo. Per l’elaborazione di tali strumenti è stato quindi necessario mettere a confronto il processo edilizio italiano con quello del Regno Unito, così da individuarne i punti di forza e i punti di debolezza. Da questo studio è emersa la necessità di implementare la programmazione strategica progettuale al fine di ottimizzare la gestione e l’organizzazione processuale. Si evince quindi la necessità di approfondire la tematica dello scambio di informazioni digitali, come emerge dal Nuovo Codice degli appalti. La definizione delle esigenze del committente non potrà che essere lacunosa se non si considera sin dalle prime fasi l’obiettivo da raggiungere, ossia la traduzione costruttiva effettuata dalle imprese al fine di tradurre in termini operativi, quanto contenuto all’interno degli elaborati progettuali. Al fine quindi di definire puntualmente le informazioni ed i dati necessari alle imprese, si è ritenuto necessario elaborare uno strumento che ne indagasse le necessità. In questo caso lo strumento più indicato è risultato essere un questionario. Per l’elaborazione dello strumento di indagine, si è partiti quindi da quanto è emerso dagli studi effettuati durante la tesi triennale per poi analizzare, più nel dettaglio, le caratteristiche dello scambio informativo e la struttura d’impresa. Il questionario è stato ottimizzato e reso performante anche grazie alla collaborazione di una rosa di imprese che sono state intervistate in modo diretto per l’occasione. L’efficacia del questionario PILOTA così redatto verrà verificata attraverso un campione ristretto di imprese. Verificato quindi quanto detto grazie all’ottenimento dei primi dati, sarà possibile inoltrare il QUESTIONARIO, a questo punto definitivo ad un campione molto più ampio di imprese. In conclusione quindi l’obiettivo è stato quello di sviluppare, con la collaborazione attiva dei soggetti interessati (le imprese), uno strumento di indagine performante che permetta in seconda battuta di ottimizzare la comunicazione tra le imprese e gli altri protagonisti della filiera, quali committenti e fornitori.
Scambio informativo nei processi edilizi: ottimizzazione della comunicazione tra imprese e fornitori - definizione dello strumento di analisi
FRANCHINI, CHIARA
2017/2018
Abstract
Although in the construction sector the digitalisation of the system is no longer a novelty, there is still a certain lack of homogeneity of approach and the presence of many problems in terms of information exchange. In fact, the digitalization of companies is not absolutely uniform: there are highly digitized companies, which are able to fully exploit the potential of e.g. a BIM project or a multimedia data sharing environment, while others are still strongly linked to a traditional methodology. These problems are evident on several fronts, starting from the very first phases of the project, with the definition of the client's needs, up to the transfer of data between companies and suppliers, with the aim of drafting the AsBuilt and the maintenance plan. In order to optimize the exchange of information it is necessary to develop a series of tools that are able to standardize and simplify the process, identifying at the same time only the essential information for the correct progress of the supply chain. One of these tools is constituted by PLQ (Plain Language Questions), a series of simple questions that a hypothetical consultant should ask the client, with the purpose of defining their needs, by tracing what will be the guidelines of the whole process. For the elaboration of these tools it was therefore necessary to compare the Italian building process with that of the United Kingdom, so as to identify its strengths and weaknesses. From this study emerged the need to implement strategic planning in order to optimize the management and the organization of the process. We can see the need to examine the issue of the digital information exchange, as shown in the New Procurement Code. If the objective to be reached it is not taken into account from the early stages. The definition of the customer's needs will be incomplete if the objective to be reached is not considered from the earliest stages. this objective consists in the constructive translation carried out by the companies in order to translate in operative terms, what is contained within the project drawings. In order to define the information and data necessary for the companies on time, it was considered necessary to develop an instrument to investigate their needs. In this case the most suitable tool was a questionnaire. For the elaboration of the survey tool, we started from what emerged from the studies carried out during the three-year thesis and then analyzed, in more detail, the characteristics of the information exchange and the business structure. The questionnaire was optimized and made even better thanks to the collaboration of a group of companies that were directly interviewed for the occasion. The effectiveness of the PILOT questionnaire drawn up in this way will be verified through a small sample of companies. Having verified the above thanks to the first data, it will be possible to forward the QUESTIONNAIRE, now definitive, to a much larger sample of companies. In conclusion, the objective was to develop, with the active collaboration of the companies, a performing survey tool that optimize the communication between the companies and the other players in the supply chain, such as customers and suppliers.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2018_12_Franchini.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/145496