In the field of steel forging, real-time measurements are not possible with traditional measurement systems due to the high temperatures present during the forging process. In case of defects, this results in rework of the forged component, the cost for which increases rapidly as the size and complexity of the component increases. In this thesis work, a vision-based system has been developed, using MATLAB, for measuring the dimensions of a forged cylinder, as a function of the rotation angle, in near real-time conditions. In order to evaluate the performance of the system, a test setup comprising of a patterned cylinder, a camera and a camera calibration pattern has been developed. Images of the calibration pattern and videos of the cylinder under slow rotation were acquired at different resolution levels, as well as at different distances from the cylinder. These tests have shown that, at a suitable distance between the camera and the cylinder combined with high resolution levels, a measurement accuracy of 0:5mm is achievable.
Nel campo della forgiatura dell’acciaio non ‘e possibile effettuare misure in realtime con i sistemi di misura a contatto. La mancanza di un metodo di misura affidabile dei materiali lavorati in forgia libera obbliga l’azienda a sovrametalli di lavorazione elevati, con conseguente aumento del costo delle lavorazioni successive. In questo lavoro di tesi `e stato sviluppato un prototipo di un sistema di visione per la misura del diametro di cilindri forgiati. Il sistema stima, con una sola telecamera, il diametro del forgiato lungo pi`u direttrici. Il metodo `e stato sviluppato sulla base di alcuni video acquisiti nelle reali condizioni operative, ed `e stato affinato con un banco prova in laboratorio, in cui il forgiato `e stato sostituito da un cilindro di dimensione nota con sovraimpressa l’immagine del forgiato stesso. L’accuratezza del metodo proposto `e stata valutata con testi di ripetibilit`a e riproducibilit`a; la rotazione identificata dall’analisi delle immagini `e stata confrontata con quella di un encoder. I risultati hanno mostrato che in condizioni ottimali si pu`o raggiungere un’accuratezza di 0,5mm.
Measurement of forged cylinders geometry using vision-based systems
LAL, NITIN
2018/2019
Abstract
In the field of steel forging, real-time measurements are not possible with traditional measurement systems due to the high temperatures present during the forging process. In case of defects, this results in rework of the forged component, the cost for which increases rapidly as the size and complexity of the component increases. In this thesis work, a vision-based system has been developed, using MATLAB, for measuring the dimensions of a forged cylinder, as a function of the rotation angle, in near real-time conditions. In order to evaluate the performance of the system, a test setup comprising of a patterned cylinder, a camera and a camera calibration pattern has been developed. Images of the calibration pattern and videos of the cylinder under slow rotation were acquired at different resolution levels, as well as at different distances from the cylinder. These tests have shown that, at a suitable distance between the camera and the cylinder combined with high resolution levels, a measurement accuracy of 0:5mm is achievable.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2019_4_LAL.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/146146