Energy efficiency is a priority in order to produce energy in a more sustainable way by reducing the impact of fossil fuels for power generation. An interesting solution for small-scale production of domestic hot water and domestic heating are solar-assisted heat pumps (SAHPs). The integration of photovoltaic-thermal panels (PVT) with a conventional heat pump allows to improve the performance of the system leading also to the simultaneous production of electric and thermal energy. The work of this thesis has allowed the experimental characterization of a small-sized SAHP integrated with PVT, in order to evaluate its performances with respect to a traditional air-source heat pump. During the first experimental campaign the system was equipped with 4 PVT panels, while during the second with 8 PVTs. The analysis of the collected data has shown how the SAHPs reach better performances with respect to traditional air-source heat pumps, thanks to the achievement of a higher evaporation temperature of the refrigerant, which reduces the electricity consumption of the compressor. Furthermore, the analysis of electrical performance shows that the adoption of PVT instead of normal PVs allows to increase the production of electricity at the same environmental conditions thanks to the cooling effect provided on the PVTs. The development of a numerical model, starting from the data collected during the second experimental campaign, made it possible to calculate some quantities that couldn’t be measured. The results derived from the numerical resolution have been compared with those obtained from the experimental analysis , with the aim of validating the quality of the developed model. Subsequently, the model simulated different system configurations with variable PVTs number, in order to have a performance prediction based on this parameter.
L’efficienza energetica è una priorità nell’ottica di produrre energia in modo più sostenibile riducendo l’impatto dei combustibili fossili per la generazione di energia. Una soluzione interessante per la produzione su piccola scala di acqua calda sanitaria e riscaldamento domestico sono le pompe di calore elio-assistite (SAHP). L’integrazione di pannelli fotovoltaici-termici (PVT) ad una normale pompa di calore permette di migliorare le prestazioni del sistema consentendo inoltre la simultanea produzione di energia elettrica e termica. Il lavoro di questa tesi ha permesso la caratterizzazione sperimentale di una SAHP di piccola taglia integrata con PVT, in modo da valutarne le prestazioni rispetto ad una tradizionale pompa di calore ad aria. Durante la prima campagna sperimentale il sistema era equipaggiato con 4 pannelli PVT, mentre durante la seconda con 8 PVT. L’analisi dei dati raccolti ha mostrato come le SAHP abbiano prestazioni migliori rispetto alle tradizionali pompe di calore ad aria, grazie al raggiungimento di una più elevata temperatura di evaporazione del refrigerante, che riduce il consumo di elettricità del compressore. Inoltre, l’analisi delle prestazioni elettriche dimostra che l’adozione di PVT al posto di normali PV permetta di aumentare la produzione di energia elettrica a parità di condizioni ambientali grazie all’effetto di raffreddamento di cui beneficiano i PVT. Lo sviluppo di un modello numerico a partire dai dati raccolti nel corso della seconda campagna sperimentale ha reso possibile il calcolo di alcune grandezza non misurabili all’interno del sistema. I risultati derivati dalla risoluzione numerica sono stati confrontati con quelli ricavati dall’analisi sperimentale, con lo scopo di validare la bontà del modello sviluppato. Successivamente il modello ha simulato configurazioni del sistema con un numero di PVT variabile, in modo da avere una previsione delle prestazioni al variare di questo parametro.
Experimental analysis and model validation of an indirect solar-assisted heat pump with photovoltaic-thermal panels integrated
MAZZOLENI, FEDERICO;BISON, DANIELE
2017/2018
Abstract
Energy efficiency is a priority in order to produce energy in a more sustainable way by reducing the impact of fossil fuels for power generation. An interesting solution for small-scale production of domestic hot water and domestic heating are solar-assisted heat pumps (SAHPs). The integration of photovoltaic-thermal panels (PVT) with a conventional heat pump allows to improve the performance of the system leading also to the simultaneous production of electric and thermal energy. The work of this thesis has allowed the experimental characterization of a small-sized SAHP integrated with PVT, in order to evaluate its performances with respect to a traditional air-source heat pump. During the first experimental campaign the system was equipped with 4 PVT panels, while during the second with 8 PVTs. The analysis of the collected data has shown how the SAHPs reach better performances with respect to traditional air-source heat pumps, thanks to the achievement of a higher evaporation temperature of the refrigerant, which reduces the electricity consumption of the compressor. Furthermore, the analysis of electrical performance shows that the adoption of PVT instead of normal PVs allows to increase the production of electricity at the same environmental conditions thanks to the cooling effect provided on the PVTs. The development of a numerical model, starting from the data collected during the second experimental campaign, made it possible to calculate some quantities that couldn’t be measured. The results derived from the numerical resolution have been compared with those obtained from the experimental analysis , with the aim of validating the quality of the developed model. Subsequently, the model simulated different system configurations with variable PVTs number, in order to have a performance prediction based on this parameter.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/146307