The aspect of active participation of consumers, known with the term demand response, is becoming increasingly important in the electric energy sector. With demand response, through market mechanisms, end users are led to reduce or shift their electrical loads in the moments of greatest demand. In Italy, through the reform of the electric ancillary services market, which started in July 2015 with Resolution 393/2015/R/EEL, the process of introducing demand response practices in the Italian electric energy market has been started, in pilot phase since summer 2017. Demand response, widespreaded mainly in the tertiary and industrial sectors, it is poorly adopted in the residential sector, which is considered to be less attractive due to the low consumption of the single private user. In this sense, public housing offers interesting opportunities. This context consists of buildings in which, at least for common uses (e.g. heating), there is a sole energy supply contract holder, typically the public administration or its subsidiary companies. These subjects, in terms of demand response, would therefore be domestic customers with high potential. However, nowadays the poor energy performance of buildings and the low use of the electric energy as source for the most relevant common uses, deny this possibility. The work intends to evaluate, through a technical-economic analysis carried out on a case study performed with the auxilium of EnergyPlus, which kind of energy renovation interventions must be adopted by the managers of the public housing stock in order to participate in demand response programs. The results show that, in order to participate in demand response programs, the energy renovation interventions to be adopted are in line with the minimum requirements imposed by the Italian normative regarding energy renovation and performance of buildings. Revenues, although low, substantially are obtainable with none additional costs.
L’aspetto di partecipazione attiva dei consumatori, noto con il termine demand response, assume sempre maggior rilievo nel settore elettrico. Con il demand response, attraverso meccanismi di mercato, gli utenti finali vengono portati a ridurre o a spostare i propri carichi elettrici nei momenti di maggior richiesta. In Italia, attraverso la riforma del mercato elettrico del dispacciamento partita nel luglio del 2015 con la delibera 393/2015/R/EEL, è iniziato il processo di introduzione di tali pratiche sul mercato elettrico, in fase pilota dall’estate del 2017. Il demand response, diffuso principalmente nei settori terziario e industriale, risulta scarsamente adottato nel settore residenziale, ritenuto poco attrattivo a causa dei ridotti consumi del singolo utente. In questo senso, l’edilizia residenziale pubblica offre opportunità interessanti. Tale contesto si compone infatti di edifici in cui, almeno per gli usi comuni (ad esempio il riscaldamento), esiste un intestatario unico del contratto, tipicamente la pubblica amministrazione o sue partecipate. Tali soggetti, in termini di demand response, risulterebbero quindi dei clienti domestici dall’elevato potenziale. Tuttavia ad oggi, le scarse prestazioni energetiche degli edifici e il ridotto ricorso al vettore elettrico per gli usi comuni più rilevanti, negano questa possibilità. Il lavoro si ripropone di valutare, tramite un’analisi tecnico economica svolta su un caso di studio con l’ausilio del software EnergyPlus, quali interventi di riqualificazione energetica debbano essere adottati dai gestori del patrimonio al fine di poter partecipare a programmi di demand response. I risultati mostrano come, per poter partecipare a programmi di demand response, gli interventi di riqualificazione energetica da adottare siano in linea con i requisiti minimi richiesti dalla normativa di riferimento. I ricavi, seppur contenuti, sono ottenibili con costi di intervento aggiuntivi sostanzialmente nulli.
Riqualificazioni energetiche edilizie rispondenti a logiche di demand response : possibilità e limiti
PALUMBO, EMANUELE
2017/2018
Abstract
The aspect of active participation of consumers, known with the term demand response, is becoming increasingly important in the electric energy sector. With demand response, through market mechanisms, end users are led to reduce or shift their electrical loads in the moments of greatest demand. In Italy, through the reform of the electric ancillary services market, which started in July 2015 with Resolution 393/2015/R/EEL, the process of introducing demand response practices in the Italian electric energy market has been started, in pilot phase since summer 2017. Demand response, widespreaded mainly in the tertiary and industrial sectors, it is poorly adopted in the residential sector, which is considered to be less attractive due to the low consumption of the single private user. In this sense, public housing offers interesting opportunities. This context consists of buildings in which, at least for common uses (e.g. heating), there is a sole energy supply contract holder, typically the public administration or its subsidiary companies. These subjects, in terms of demand response, would therefore be domestic customers with high potential. However, nowadays the poor energy performance of buildings and the low use of the electric energy as source for the most relevant common uses, deny this possibility. The work intends to evaluate, through a technical-economic analysis carried out on a case study performed with the auxilium of EnergyPlus, which kind of energy renovation interventions must be adopted by the managers of the public housing stock in order to participate in demand response programs. The results show that, in order to participate in demand response programs, the energy renovation interventions to be adopted are in line with the minimum requirements imposed by the Italian normative regarding energy renovation and performance of buildings. Revenues, although low, substantially are obtainable with none additional costs.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/146391