In the early 2010s, a new revolution in agriculture has been triggered by the introduction of digital technologies, such as cheap and improved sensors and actuators, low cost micro-processors, high bandwidth cellular communication, Cloud based ICT systems and Big Data analytics. As a result, a new phase in the agricultural evolution started: the so-called Agriculture 4.0. Since the novelty of the notion, a holistic definition of Agriculture 4.0 is not present yet in literature: indeed, different authors take different perspectives while studying and explaining the topic. Therefore, a systematic literature review has been performed with the objective to provide a clear and holistic understanding of Agriculture 4.0 and the related boundaries. The preliminary attempt to make clarity around the discussed topic highlights the research question pivoting the dissertation: the missing knowledge in literature is about the strategic impact of Agriculture 4.0 on the farm enterprise. As a consequence, the research proposes a framework combining the strategic point of view on how data may infuse business models by Schuritz, et al. (2016) with the Agriculture 4.0 enablers of the change identified in the literature analysis: the internal and the external networking, meaning the extension of the farmer’s perimeter of action while deploying the networking capability unlocked by digital technologies. The deployment of the framework with an empirical analysis carried out on 128 Agriculture 4.0 technological solutions offered to the farmer in Italy shows that, nowadays, Agriculture 4.0 is leading mainly to innovations in the way in which farmers manage farming operations, but, at the same time, there are solutions available in the Italian market with the potential to infuse all the components of the farmer’s business model. In addition, the framework organizes strategic opportunities in a structured way, identifying patterns, meaning prototypes of coherent strategic arrangements that unlock new opportunities for the farmer. In this way, the framework proposed by the dissertation constitutes a new and innovative approach to study the Agriculture 4.0 notion and a first attempt to close the gap identified in literature on how new solutions available in the market enable an evolution of the farmer’s business model.
Intorno all'anno 2010, l'introduzione di tecnologie digitali, come sensori e attuatori più efficienti ed efficaci, microprocessori a basso costo, Internet, sistemi ICT basati sul Cloud e Big Data Analytics hanno innescato una nuova rivoluzione nel settore agricolo. Da qui, una nuova fase dell'evoluzione agricola è iniziata: la cosiddetta Agricoltura 4.0. Data la novità del concetto, in letteratura non è ancora presente una definizione olistica di Agricoltura 4.0: infatti, diversi autori studiano e spiegano l'argomento in modo frammentato, seguendo prospettive diverse. Per far fronte a ciò, è stata quindi eseguita una revisione sistematica della letteratura con l'obiettivo di fornire una comprensione chiara ed olistica dell'Agricoltura 4.0 ed i relativi confini. Il tentativo preliminare di fare chiarezza intorno all'argomento ha fatto emergere il gap letterario che dà origine alla domanda di ricerca centrale della tesi: la piena comprensione dell'impatto strategico di Agricoltura 4.0 sull'azienda agricola. Di conseguenza, la ricerca propone un modello che combina il punto di vista strategico di Schuritz, et al. (2016), che studia come i dati possano impattare il “business model” aziendale, e i meccanismi alla base di Agricoltura 4.0 identificati nell'analisi della letteratura: il networking interno e quello esterno, che rappresentano l'estensione del perimetro di azione dell’agricoltore nel connettere entità al network dell’azienda agricola. Il modello è stato quindi implementato con un'analisi empirica condotta su 128 soluzioni tecnologiche di Agricoltura 4.0 offerte all'agricoltore in Italia. Da qui, i risultati della ricerca dimostrano che, attualmente, l'Agricoltura 4.0 impatta principalmente il modo in cui gli agricoltori gestiscono le attività agricole, ma, allo stesso tempo, ci sono soluzioni disponibili nel mercato italiano che hanno il potenziale di infondere tutti i componenti del “business model” dell'agricoltore. Inoltre, il modello permette di organizzare le opportunità strategiche disponibili nel mercato in modo strutturato, identificando prototipi di modelli strategici coerenti che sbloccano nuove opportunità per l'agricoltore. In questo modo, il modello proposto nella tesi costituisce un approccio innovativo per studiare il concetto di Agricoltura 4.0 e un primo tentativo di colmare il divario identificato in letteratura riguardo a come le nuove soluzioni disponibili sul mercato consentono un'evoluzione del business model dell’agricoltore.
Agriculture 4.0 : a definition and a framework to assess impacts on farmers' business model
VEZZONI, MATTEO;SPONCHIONI, GIANLUCA
2018/2019
Abstract
In the early 2010s, a new revolution in agriculture has been triggered by the introduction of digital technologies, such as cheap and improved sensors and actuators, low cost micro-processors, high bandwidth cellular communication, Cloud based ICT systems and Big Data analytics. As a result, a new phase in the agricultural evolution started: the so-called Agriculture 4.0. Since the novelty of the notion, a holistic definition of Agriculture 4.0 is not present yet in literature: indeed, different authors take different perspectives while studying and explaining the topic. Therefore, a systematic literature review has been performed with the objective to provide a clear and holistic understanding of Agriculture 4.0 and the related boundaries. The preliminary attempt to make clarity around the discussed topic highlights the research question pivoting the dissertation: the missing knowledge in literature is about the strategic impact of Agriculture 4.0 on the farm enterprise. As a consequence, the research proposes a framework combining the strategic point of view on how data may infuse business models by Schuritz, et al. (2016) with the Agriculture 4.0 enablers of the change identified in the literature analysis: the internal and the external networking, meaning the extension of the farmer’s perimeter of action while deploying the networking capability unlocked by digital technologies. The deployment of the framework with an empirical analysis carried out on 128 Agriculture 4.0 technological solutions offered to the farmer in Italy shows that, nowadays, Agriculture 4.0 is leading mainly to innovations in the way in which farmers manage farming operations, but, at the same time, there are solutions available in the Italian market with the potential to infuse all the components of the farmer’s business model. In addition, the framework organizes strategic opportunities in a structured way, identifying patterns, meaning prototypes of coherent strategic arrangements that unlock new opportunities for the farmer. In this way, the framework proposed by the dissertation constitutes a new and innovative approach to study the Agriculture 4.0 notion and a first attempt to close the gap identified in literature on how new solutions available in the market enable an evolution of the farmer’s business model.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Master Thesis - Sponchioni_Vezzoni.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/146637