In the last two decades, the growing awareness on environmental and social issues, in parallel with the need for more financial stability after the financial crisis of 2000 and 2007-2008, made investors introduce new variables within their traditional valuation models. Environmental, social and governance information started to be used within the construction of equity portfolios, demonstrating that their inclusion led to a better assessment of risks and opportunities, and consequent higher returns (Kempf & Osthoff, 2007). The topic of integrating ESG ratings into a strategy based on bonds trading has been already investigated considering the US companies: results suggest that no higher performances are displayed by portfolios made of bonds issued by companies with high ESG rating, in contrast with portfolios made of bond issued by low ESG rated companies (Hoepner & Nilsson, 2017). This dissertation aims at extending this literature providing a detailed analysis, in the European market, about the impact of ESG ratings on bonds performances, also considering the correlation with bond’s z-spread. Using a sample of 536 listed bonds from 146 European companies, both listed and unlisted, during the period from January 2014 to December 2018, this study finds that a portfolio made of bonds issued by companies with high ESG rating has a cumulated performance, along the period, higher than a portfolio made of bonds issued by companies with low ESG rating. This result is valid for both investment grade and high yield bonds. Accordingly, z-spreads of bonds issued by high ESG rated companies witness a greater reduction in value. Evidences highlight that companies focused on environmental, social and governance issues are perceived less risky by the market, which makes them able to raise capital at a lower cost of debt.
La crescente attenzione alle tematiche di tipo ambientale e sociale, sommata alla generale ricerca di una maggiore stabilità finanziari in seguito alle crisi del 2000 e del 2007-2008 ha fatto si che, negli ultimi vent’anni, investitori da tutto il mondo iniziassero ad introdurre nuove variabili all’interno dei tradizionali modelli di valutazione finanziaria. Si è infatti incominciato ad utilizzare informazioni di carattere ambientale, sociale e di governance per le costruzione di portafogli di equity, dimostrando che l’inclusione di questi parametric comporta una più adeguata valutazione dei rischi e delle opportunità connesse agli investimenti, con conseguenti ritorni più alti (Kempf & Osthoff, 2007). L’introduzione dei rating ESG all’interno di una strategia di trading di titoli obbligazionari è già stata studiata prendendo in considerazione società americane. I risultati evidenziano che portafogli composti da bond emessi da società con un alto rating ESG non registrano ritorni più alti di quelli composti da bond emessi da società a basso rating ESG (Hoepner & Nilsson, 2017). Il presente elaborato si pone l’obiettivo di espandere la letteratura già esistente, focalizzando la propria analisi sul mercato europeo. In particolare, studiando l’impatto che i rating ESG hanno sulle performance dei bond, considerando anche l’andamento dei rispettivi z-spread. Il campione utilizzato è composto da 536 bond quotati emessi da 146 società europee, nel periodo 2014-2018. Contrariamente al caso delle società americane, i risultati dimostrano che, alla fine dei cinque anni, un portafoglio composto da bond emessi da società con alto rating ESG registra una performance cumulata più elevate rispetto a quella di un portafoglio composto bond emessi da società a basso rating ESG. I risultati non cambiano analizzando sia bond high yield che investment grade. Coerentemente, in seguito all’aumento del valore dei portafogli di bond ad alto ESG, si registra una diminuzione dei rispettivi z-spread: quest’ultima correlazione evidenzia che società attente a tematiche ESG vengono percepite meno rischiose dagli investitori, I quali sono quindi disposti a pagare un prezzo più alto per le obbligazioni da queste emesse.
The impact of ESG ratings on the performances of European listed bonds
ISELLA, LEONARDO
2017/2018
Abstract
In the last two decades, the growing awareness on environmental and social issues, in parallel with the need for more financial stability after the financial crisis of 2000 and 2007-2008, made investors introduce new variables within their traditional valuation models. Environmental, social and governance information started to be used within the construction of equity portfolios, demonstrating that their inclusion led to a better assessment of risks and opportunities, and consequent higher returns (Kempf & Osthoff, 2007). The topic of integrating ESG ratings into a strategy based on bonds trading has been already investigated considering the US companies: results suggest that no higher performances are displayed by portfolios made of bonds issued by companies with high ESG rating, in contrast with portfolios made of bond issued by low ESG rated companies (Hoepner & Nilsson, 2017). This dissertation aims at extending this literature providing a detailed analysis, in the European market, about the impact of ESG ratings on bonds performances, also considering the correlation with bond’s z-spread. Using a sample of 536 listed bonds from 146 European companies, both listed and unlisted, during the period from January 2014 to December 2018, this study finds that a portfolio made of bonds issued by companies with high ESG rating has a cumulated performance, along the period, higher than a portfolio made of bonds issued by companies with low ESG rating. This result is valid for both investment grade and high yield bonds. Accordingly, z-spreads of bonds issued by high ESG rated companies witness a greater reduction in value. Evidences highlight that companies focused on environmental, social and governance issues are perceived less risky by the market, which makes them able to raise capital at a lower cost of debt.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/146715