The environmental impact of the design, construction and operation of buildings is huge: in Europe the construction industry consumes about 36% of energy and contributes to 40% annual CO2 emissions. Only by considering all the disciplines in an integrated way from the early stages, it is possible to direct the design towards a common goal, that of sustainability, and resolve the main interferences. Energy efficiency and the reduction of emissions are not to be considered as referring only to the impact of construction, but to the entire management, and it is here that the user’s behavior become essential. The impact of the users is significant, and their training becomes an extremely strategic part to reduce consumption and really achieve a Nearly zero energy building. The goal of the thesis is to demonstrate how conscious and targeted choices can impact not only in the short term, but throughout the life cycle of the building. After an introduction to contextualize the case study, we tried to make the design choices of a tower building considering energy-efficiency and low environmental impact. 3 different structures have been designed, evaluate both the overall behavior and the quantity of material used in order to quantify their environmental impact. After directing the design towards sustainable materials, energy simulations were made with the aim of optimizing the building - plant - user system, quantifying the influence of an energy-efficient and conscious behavior. As a last aspect, at the system level, different typologies have been compared and assessments made regarding a vertical rather than horizontal distribution, considering the different strengths and weaknesses, according to a wider perspective than the mere use of material. At the end of the work it emerges that, for the case study analyzed, the use of structural wood, the sensitization of the user towards an energy-efficient behaviour, the importance of a continuous monitoring and the maximum exploitation of renewable sources present on site, result the most suitable and sustainable solutions, from a future perspective. The conscious use of all resources, in fact, can trace a new path towards a better future for us and for the future generations that will inhabit the planet. The design strategies are compatible with further developments, such as integrated design with BIM methodology, smart and off-site construction, renovation over time and increasingly automated construction sites in order to increase safety and quality, not only during construction but, above all, during the life of the building.
L’impatto ambientale della progettazione, costruzione ed esercizio degli edifici è enorme: in Europa l’industria delle costruzioni consuma circa il 36% dell’energia e contribuisce per circa il 40% alle emissioni annuali di CO2. Solo considerando tutte le discipline in modo integrato fin dalle prime fasi, è possibile indirizzare la progettazione verso un obiettivo comune, quello della sostenibilità, e risolvere le principali interferenze. L’efficienza energetica e la riduzione delle emissioni non sono da considerarsi riferite al solo impatto della costruzione, ma all’intera gestione, ed è qui che il comportamento dell’utente diventa imprescindibile. L’impatto degli utenti è significativo e la loro educazione diventa una parte estremamente strategica per ridurre i consumi e ottenere veramente un edifico a energia quasi zero. L’obiettivo della tesi è proprio quello di dimostrare come delle scelte consapevoli e mirate possano impattare non solo nel breve periodo, ma durante tutto il ciclo di vita dell’edificio. Dopo un’introduzione per contestualizzare il caso studio, si è cercato di indirizzare le scelte progettuali di un edificio a torre verso l’efficienza energetica e un basso impatto ambientale. Sono state progettate 3 strutture diverse valutandone sia il comportamento globale che il quantitativo di materiale utilizzato al fine di quantificarne l’impatto ambientale. Dopo aver indirizzato la progettazione verso materiali sostenibili, sono state fatte simulazioni energetiche con l’obiettivo di ottimizzare il sistema edificio – impianto - utente, andando a quantificare l’influenza di un comportamento energeticamente virtuoso e consapevole. Come ultimo aspetto, a livello impiantistico, sono state confrontate diverse tipologie ed effettuate delle valutazioni in merito a una distribuzione verticale piuttosto che orizzontale, considerando i diversi pregi e difetti, secondo un’ottica più ampia del mero utilizzo di materiale. Al termine della trattazione emerge che, per il caso studio analizzato, l’utilizzo del legno, la sensibilizzazione dell’utente verso un comportamento energeticamente virtuoso, l’importanza di un monitoraggio continuo e il massimo sfruttamento delle fonti rinnovabili presenti in loco, risultano le soluzioni più consone e sostenibili. L’utilizzo consapevole di tutte le risorse, infatti, può tracciare una nuova strada verso un futuro migliore per noi e per le future generazioni che abiteranno il pianeta. Le strategie progettuali sono compatibili con ulteriori sviluppi, quali progettazione integrata con metodologia BIM, smart and off-site construction, rinnovamento nel tempo e cantieri sempre più automatizzati al fine di aumentare la sicurezza e la qualità, non solo durante la costruzione ma, soprattutto, durante la vita dell’edificio.
La sostenibilità nelle scelte progettuali preliminari di un edificio a torre adibito a student housing a Milano. L'integrazione delle discipline strutturale, energetica ed impiantistica fin dalle prime fasi di progettazione
SCHIVALOCCHI, MATTIA;TUANA FRANGUEL, LUCA
2017/2018
Abstract
The environmental impact of the design, construction and operation of buildings is huge: in Europe the construction industry consumes about 36% of energy and contributes to 40% annual CO2 emissions. Only by considering all the disciplines in an integrated way from the early stages, it is possible to direct the design towards a common goal, that of sustainability, and resolve the main interferences. Energy efficiency and the reduction of emissions are not to be considered as referring only to the impact of construction, but to the entire management, and it is here that the user’s behavior become essential. The impact of the users is significant, and their training becomes an extremely strategic part to reduce consumption and really achieve a Nearly zero energy building. The goal of the thesis is to demonstrate how conscious and targeted choices can impact not only in the short term, but throughout the life cycle of the building. After an introduction to contextualize the case study, we tried to make the design choices of a tower building considering energy-efficiency and low environmental impact. 3 different structures have been designed, evaluate both the overall behavior and the quantity of material used in order to quantify their environmental impact. After directing the design towards sustainable materials, energy simulations were made with the aim of optimizing the building - plant - user system, quantifying the influence of an energy-efficient and conscious behavior. As a last aspect, at the system level, different typologies have been compared and assessments made regarding a vertical rather than horizontal distribution, considering the different strengths and weaknesses, according to a wider perspective than the mere use of material. At the end of the work it emerges that, for the case study analyzed, the use of structural wood, the sensitization of the user towards an energy-efficient behaviour, the importance of a continuous monitoring and the maximum exploitation of renewable sources present on site, result the most suitable and sustainable solutions, from a future perspective. The conscious use of all resources, in fact, can trace a new path towards a better future for us and for the future generations that will inhabit the planet. The design strategies are compatible with further developments, such as integrated design with BIM methodology, smart and off-site construction, renovation over time and increasingly automated construction sites in order to increase safety and quality, not only during construction but, above all, during the life of the building.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2019_04_Schivalocchi_Tuana Franguel_01.pdf
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Descrizione: Testo della tesi
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2019_04_Schivalocchi_Tuana Franguel_02.pdf
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Descrizione: Allegati tecnici
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/147860