In this study an LCA analysis was carried out to determine the environmental impact of a farm in north Italy. The process was entirely followed on field, from the initial processes until the final products were released, accounting for all input and output streams for each compartment. There were three cereals cultivated in crop year 2017, respectively maize, rice and soybean, and for each cereal was chosen as a functional unit the cultivated hectare. Data streams obtained were implemented in Simapro 8.5.2 software where the environmental impacts were calculated using the RECIPE 2016 (H) Endpoint method. The analysis of results showed a general framework for the three crops that linked the main impacts to fertilizing phases for maize and soybean, while for rice they were found to be prevalent beyond the fertilizing and weeding phases even sowing due to the high methane emissions produced by flooded rice paddies. A sensitivity analysis has been carried out which has made it possible to compare the basic study with an alternative scenario obtained by a different modelling of emissions from fertilizers and by a different allocation of plant protection products into environmental compartments. For rice, a further specific analysis of sensitivity was carried out, referring to a scenario in which methane emission was found to be greater due to the different seeding technique, eventually performed. Subsequently, for each crop, the results of the study referred to the cultivated hectare were compared with the same data reported first to the kg of cereal produced and then to the kilograms of proteins contained in the individual cereals, in order to better appreciate eventual differences. At the end of the work, an economic analysis of the whole cultivation process was drawn up, including the presence of community contributions (PAC and PSR) and have been shown the main innovations that could contribute reducing environmental impacts and improving the sustainability of the process.
In questo studio è stata condotta un’analisi LCA volta alla determinazione dell’impatto ambientale di un’azienda agricola ad indirizzo cerealicolo del Nord Italia. Il processo è stato interamente seguito sul campo, dalle lavorazioni iniziali fino al conferimento del prodotto finale in uscita, contabilizzando tutti i flussi di input ed output per ogni comparto.Tre sono stati i cereali coltivati nell'annata agraria 2017, rispettivamente mais, riso e soia, e per ciascun cereale è stato scelto come unità funzionale l’ettaro coltivato. I flussi di dati ottenuti sono stati implementati nel software Simapro 8.5.2 dove si sono calcolati gli impatti ambientali tramite il metodo RECIPE 2016 ( H ) Endpoint. Dall’analisi dei risultati è emerso un quadro generale per le tre colture che ha ascritto i principali impatti alle fasi di concimazione per mais e soia, mentre per il riso sono risultate essere prevalenti oltre le fasi di concimazione e diserbo anche la semina in ragione delle elevate emissioni di metano prodotte da questa coltura. È stata condotta un’analisi di sensitività che ha permesso di confrontare lo studio di base con uno scenario alternativo ottenuto da una diversa modellizzazione delle emissioni da fertilizzanti e da una diversa ripartizione dei prodotti fitosanitari nei comparti ambientali. Per il riso è stata condotta un’ulteriore analisi di sensitività specifica, riferita ad uno scenario in cui l’emissione di metano fosse risultata maggiore in ragione della differente tecnica di semina eventualmente effettuata. Successivamente per ciascuna coltura si sono confrontati i risultati dello studio riferito all’ettaro coltivato con gli stessi dati riferiti dapprima al kg di cereale prodotto e successivamente al kg di proteine contenute nei singoli cereali, per meglio apprezzarne le eventuali differenze. A conclusione del lavoro è stata redatta un’analisi economica dell’intero processo di coltivazione, comprensivo della quota parte dei contributi comunitari (PAC e PSR) e sono state esposte le principali novità che potrebbero contribuire a ridurre gli impatti ambientali ed a migliorare la sostenibilità del settore.
Analisi del ciclo di vita ed analisi economica di un'azienda agricola del Nord Italia
NATALE BORRONI, LUCA
2018/2019
Abstract
In this study an LCA analysis was carried out to determine the environmental impact of a farm in north Italy. The process was entirely followed on field, from the initial processes until the final products were released, accounting for all input and output streams for each compartment. There were three cereals cultivated in crop year 2017, respectively maize, rice and soybean, and for each cereal was chosen as a functional unit the cultivated hectare. Data streams obtained were implemented in Simapro 8.5.2 software where the environmental impacts were calculated using the RECIPE 2016 (H) Endpoint method. The analysis of results showed a general framework for the three crops that linked the main impacts to fertilizing phases for maize and soybean, while for rice they were found to be prevalent beyond the fertilizing and weeding phases even sowing due to the high methane emissions produced by flooded rice paddies. A sensitivity analysis has been carried out which has made it possible to compare the basic study with an alternative scenario obtained by a different modelling of emissions from fertilizers and by a different allocation of plant protection products into environmental compartments. For rice, a further specific analysis of sensitivity was carried out, referring to a scenario in which methane emission was found to be greater due to the different seeding technique, eventually performed. Subsequently, for each crop, the results of the study referred to the cultivated hectare were compared with the same data reported first to the kg of cereal produced and then to the kilograms of proteins contained in the individual cereals, in order to better appreciate eventual differences. At the end of the work, an economic analysis of the whole cultivation process was drawn up, including the presence of community contributions (PAC and PSR) and have been shown the main innovations that could contribute reducing environmental impacts and improving the sustainability of the process.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2019_07_NataleBorroni.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/148639