The growing interest in the change of the global energy plan to cope with the climatic problems, leads to greater interest in energy from non-polluting renewable sources. These non-dispatchable sources are mainly adopted in a new model of production and distribution of electricity, with different characteristics compared to the classic network model, such as microgrids. In this scenario, the primary objective is to stabilize the energy from the intermittent sources distributed along the network. To do this, the integration of technologies related to the world of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) becomes essential, which allow an exchange of information between the various production sites, in order to achieve a real-time network control, necessary given the production variability of the energy sources and of the possible fluctuations in the required power. The aforementioned control system has the primary purpose of maintaining the stability of the electrical network, compensating the power imbalances and coordinating the various sources of energy, whether they are dispatchable or not; however its performance can be influenced by the criticalities of the communication system (delays and loss of information), compromising the security of the electrical system. Therefore in this work we want to characterize, through a simplified but still indicative study, the performance and the resilience of the resulting structure, through two dual control systems (centralized and distributed), with respect to delays and information gaps. In particular, the study is carried out with reference to the control of the frequency in front of the degradation of the communication system. The results of the simulations will testify that transmission delays and / or interruptions of the information flow can jeopardize the ability of the integrated system to keep the frequency values within limits. At the same time they will highlight two diverse outputs according on the control system adopted, with the same deterioration of the communication system.
Il crescente interesse verso il cambiamento del piano energetico globale per far fronte alle criticità climatiche, porta un maggiore interesse verso l'energia proveniente da fonti rinnovabili non inquinanti. Queste fonti non dispacciabili vengono adottate prevalentemente in un nuovo modello di produzione e distribuzione dell'energia elettrica, con diverse caratteristiche rispetto al modello classico di rete, quali le microgrid. In tale scenario, l'obiettivo primario è quello di stabilizzare l'energia proveniente dalle fonti intermittenti distribuite lungo la rete. Per fare ciò l'integrazione di tecnologie legate al mondo dell' Information and Communication Technology (ICT) diventa essenziale, le quali consentono uno scambio d'informazioni tra i i vari siti di produzione, al fine di realizzare un controllo praticamente real-time della rete, necessario data la variabilità di produzione delle sorgenti d'energia e delle possibili fluttuazioni della potenza richiesta. Il suddetto sistema di controllo ha lo scopo primario di mantenere la stabilità della rete elettrica, compensando gli squilibri di potenza e coordinando le varie sorgenti d'energia, dipacciabili e non; tuttavia le sue performance possono essere influenzate dalle criticità del sistema di comunicazione (ritardi e perdita d' informazioni), compromettendo la sicurezza del sistema elettrico. Pertanto in questo lavoro si è voluto caratterizzare, attraverso uno studio semplificato ma comunque indicativo, le performance e la resilienza della struttura risultante, attraverso due sistemi di controllo duali (centralizzato e distribuito), rispetto a ritardi e lacune d' informazione. In particolar modo lo studio è stato e effettuato con riferimento al controllo della frequenza a fronte di un degrado del sistema di comunicazione. I risultati delle simulazioni testimonieranno che ritardi di trasmissione e/o interruzioni del flusso informativo, possono mettere a repentaglio l'abilità del sistema integrato a mantenere i valori di frequenza entro i limiti. Allo stesso tempo evidenzieranno due diverse risposte del sistema, a seconda del sistema di controllo adottato, a pari deterioramento del sistema di comunicazione.
Performances characterization of a control system with communication delays in an isolated microgrid
PARENTE, ALESSANDRO
2017/2018
Abstract
The growing interest in the change of the global energy plan to cope with the climatic problems, leads to greater interest in energy from non-polluting renewable sources. These non-dispatchable sources are mainly adopted in a new model of production and distribution of electricity, with different characteristics compared to the classic network model, such as microgrids. In this scenario, the primary objective is to stabilize the energy from the intermittent sources distributed along the network. To do this, the integration of technologies related to the world of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) becomes essential, which allow an exchange of information between the various production sites, in order to achieve a real-time network control, necessary given the production variability of the energy sources and of the possible fluctuations in the required power. The aforementioned control system has the primary purpose of maintaining the stability of the electrical network, compensating the power imbalances and coordinating the various sources of energy, whether they are dispatchable or not; however its performance can be influenced by the criticalities of the communication system (delays and loss of information), compromising the security of the electrical system. Therefore in this work we want to characterize, through a simplified but still indicative study, the performance and the resilience of the resulting structure, through two dual control systems (centralized and distributed), with respect to delays and information gaps. In particular, the study is carried out with reference to the control of the frequency in front of the degradation of the communication system. The results of the simulations will testify that transmission delays and / or interruptions of the information flow can jeopardize the ability of the integrated system to keep the frequency values within limits. At the same time they will highlight two diverse outputs according on the control system adopted, with the same deterioration of the communication system.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2018_12_Parente.pdf
non accessibile
Descrizione: Questa tesi si occupa della caratterizzazione delle performance di un sistema di controllo relativamente a ritardi nella comunicazione, in una microrete isolata.
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7.28 MB
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/148713