The Albanian energy system represents a deterrent sector to the development of the country since it is mainly led by imported products. Local production has a non-diversified exploitation of the resources, as it relies solely on water resources that feed the hydropower plants. This situation forces Albania to be an importer of electricity since the structure of the energy system is unable to meet the demand, despite the potential of diverse natural resources in the country. Among these, Albania presents one of the highest solar resources in Europe and this thesis, via the use of a modeling framework called Calliope, shows the impact of the installation of PV systems on the country’s energy system, taking into account political interests and cultural issues. In particular, the analysis of the impact of solar systems has been performed considering initially only the coverage of public buildings rooftops and subsequently the optimal installed capacity in terms of costs. The results are obtained by analyzing the impact of the variations in water resources, through a sensitivity analysis, and these has been analyzed in order to obtain a comparison between the current energy situation in the country, the political strategies in the energy context and the impact of PV systems. The penetration of solar energy in the energy mix of the country represents the best solution in terms of costs, emissions, reliability and energy independence due to the decrease of electricity imports and the diversification of the electricity generation that in turn leads to a greater energy security. Moreover, this scenario represents a significant incentive for the country to implement the Law 7/2017, which allows the injection in the network of surplus electricity generated by PV systems, allowing their deployment in the country.
Il settore energetico albanese rappresenta un settore deterrente per lo sviluppo del paese in quanto è costituito maggiormente da prodotti importati. La produzione locale presenta lo sfruttamento non differenziato delle risorse, in quanto fa affidamento esclusivamente alle risorse idriche che alimentano le centrali idroelettriche. Questa situazione costringe l’Albania ad essere un importatore di energia elettrica siccome la struttura del sistema energetico non è in grado di soddisfare la domanda, nonostante il potenziale di diverse risorse naturali. Tra queste, l’Albania possiede risorse solari tra le più alte d’Europa e questa tesi, tramite l’utilizzo di un modelling framework chiamato Calliope, mostra l’impatto dell’installazione di impianti solari fotovoltaici sul sistema energetico del paese, tenendo conto degli interessi politici e degli attriti culturali. In particolare, l’analisi sull’impatto degli impianti solari è stata effettuata considerando inizialmente la sola copertura dei tetti di edifici pubblici e successivamente la capacità installata ottimale in termini di costi. I risultati sono ottenuti analizzando l’impatto della variazione delle risorse idriche, tramite un’analisi di sensitività, e questi sono stati analizzati per ottenere un paragone tra la situazione energetica attuale del paese, le strategie politiche in ambito energetico e l’impatto degli impianti solari. La penetrazione di energia solare nel mix energetico del paese rappresenta la migliore soluzione in termini di costi, emissioni, affidabilità e indipendenza energetica data la decrescita di elettricità importata e la diversificazione della produzione elettrica che a loro volta permette di ottenere una sicurezza energetica maggiore. Inoltre, questo scenario rappresenta un incentivo per il paese a implementare la legge 7/2017, il quale consente la vendita in rete del surplus di energia elettrica prodotta dagli impianti fotovoltaici, permettendo la loro diffusione nel paese.
Sustainable energy scenarios for Albania : evaluation of current energy policies and implementation of new possible sustainable scenarios
KERCOVA, ZEQIR
2018/2019
Abstract
The Albanian energy system represents a deterrent sector to the development of the country since it is mainly led by imported products. Local production has a non-diversified exploitation of the resources, as it relies solely on water resources that feed the hydropower plants. This situation forces Albania to be an importer of electricity since the structure of the energy system is unable to meet the demand, despite the potential of diverse natural resources in the country. Among these, Albania presents one of the highest solar resources in Europe and this thesis, via the use of a modeling framework called Calliope, shows the impact of the installation of PV systems on the country’s energy system, taking into account political interests and cultural issues. In particular, the analysis of the impact of solar systems has been performed considering initially only the coverage of public buildings rooftops and subsequently the optimal installed capacity in terms of costs. The results are obtained by analyzing the impact of the variations in water resources, through a sensitivity analysis, and these has been analyzed in order to obtain a comparison between the current energy situation in the country, the political strategies in the energy context and the impact of PV systems. The penetration of solar energy in the energy mix of the country represents the best solution in terms of costs, emissions, reliability and energy independence due to the decrease of electricity imports and the diversification of the electricity generation that in turn leads to a greater energy security. Moreover, this scenario represents a significant incentive for the country to implement the Law 7/2017, which allows the injection in the network of surplus electricity generated by PV systems, allowing their deployment in the country.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Sustainable_Scenario_for_Albania (5).pdf
solo utenti autorizzati dal 08/07/2020
Descrizione: Testo della tesi
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12.22 MB
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12.22 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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Sustainable_Scenario_for_Albania (8).pdf
solo utenti autorizzati dal 12/07/2020
Descrizione: Testo della tesi finale
Dimensione
12.22 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
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12.22 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/148850