My thesis work is aimed at investigating the hygroscopic behavior of raw earth, and its implications on the mechanical properties developed by the material. Raw earth can be used as a building material and I will focus on its usage for plastering and flooring applications. Raw earth may improve the sustainability of the building industry, minimizing its environmental footprint, embedded energy and greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions and would provide better indoor living conditions through thermo-hygroscopic regulation. In my thesis work, geotechnical measurements are developed to obtain significant parameters describing the water retention and shrinkage properties of raw earth. The detailed work plan of this thesis is: i. To assess the hygroscopic properties of two different raw earths (T2 and ABS) which are influenced by the grain size distribution; ii. To evaluate the shrinkage characteristics of these two raw earths. Hygroscopic properties have been investigated also for their relevance on mechanical strength which is clearly affected by water adsorption and water content. In this study, as reported also in previous literature works, it has been found that clayey soil alone is not apt for the building process; a building material must be constituted by aggregates and sand which constitute the granular skeleton, and by clay acting as the binding element. Clay alone has low bearing resistance. Sand is added to improve the mechanical properties of clayey soil. The addition of sand may provide good resistance to cracking, good adhesion and good water permeability. A comparative analysis is carried out for earth-based materials in terms of water retention behavior (WRC) and permeability. On the basis of experimental determination of suction (water retention behavior), a model of the retention curve is adopted to describe the hydro-mechanical properties. The proposed WRC model is an improved version of the Van Genuchten model, which makes a distinction between water retention due to Air entry value (AEV) and Grain size distribution. The complete set of Van Genuchten equations are given together with the complementary relationships developed for bimodal distribution on plastic/cohesive (clayey) soils. It is shown that the model provides a simple and practical mean to estimate the water retention curve from simple geotechnical properties. The goodness of such approaches is scrutinized in order to analyse their merits and demerits.
Lo scopo di questo lavoro di tesi è studiare il comportamento igroscopico della terra cruda e i suoi effetti sulle proprietà meccaniche sviluppate dal materiale. La terra cruda può essere usata come materiale da costruzione e, in particolare, l’attenzione è stata posta sulla sua applicazione nell’ambito della realizzazione di materiali per intonaci e pavimenti. Questo materiale può aumentare la sostenibilità nel settore delle costruzioni, minimizzandone l’impronta ambientale, il consumo energetico e l’emissione di gas serra, oltre a migliorare le condizioni abitative grazie alla regolazione termo-igroscopica. In questa tesi sono state sviluppate analisi geotecniche volte a ottenere parametri significativi per la descrizione della ritenzione di acqua e del ritiro volumetrico della terra cruda. Il piano di lavoro dettagliato è il seguente: i. Determinare le proprietà igroscopiche di due differenti terre crude (T2 e ABS), che sono influenzate dalla distribuzione della dimensione delle polveri. L’adsorbimento e il contenuto di acqua influenzano la resistenza meccanica del materiale finale. ii. Valutare il ritiro volumetrico di queste due terre crude durante l’essicamento. In questo studio, così come in letteratura, è stato dimostrato che il terreno argilloso non è adatto per il processo costruttivo; un materiale da costruzione deve essere costituito da aggregati e sabbia, che costituiscono lo scheletro granulare, e da argilla come agente legante. L’argilla pura ha uno scarso comportamento meccanico. La sabbia migliora le sue proprietà. In particolare, riduce la formazione di cricche, aumenta l’adesione e migliora la permeabilità all’acqua. Un’analisi comparata in termini di ritenzione dell’acqua e permeabilità è presentata per materiali a base di terre crude. Sulla base della misura sperimentale della pressione di suzione dell’acqua, è stato adottato un modello per la curva di ritenzione che descrive le proprietà igro-meccaniche. Il modello proposto è una versione modificata di quello di Van Genuchten, che distingue tra la ritenzione di acqua dovuta alla permeabilità iniziale all’aria e alla distribuzione delle dimensioni dei grani. Il set completo di equazioni di Van Genuchten è riportato assieme alle relazioni complementari sviluppate per distribuzioni bimodali di suoli plastici/coesivi (argillosi). E’ dimostrato che il modello fornisce un mezzo semplice e pratico per la stima della curva di ritenzione dell’acqua da semplici proprietà geotecniche. La bontà di questi metodi è valutata così da poterne evidenziare meriti e demeriti.
Investigation of suction and shrinkage properties of earth-based materials for sustainable buildings
ABDUL RAHMAN, IMRAN
2018/2019
Abstract
My thesis work is aimed at investigating the hygroscopic behavior of raw earth, and its implications on the mechanical properties developed by the material. Raw earth can be used as a building material and I will focus on its usage for plastering and flooring applications. Raw earth may improve the sustainability of the building industry, minimizing its environmental footprint, embedded energy and greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions and would provide better indoor living conditions through thermo-hygroscopic regulation. In my thesis work, geotechnical measurements are developed to obtain significant parameters describing the water retention and shrinkage properties of raw earth. The detailed work plan of this thesis is: i. To assess the hygroscopic properties of two different raw earths (T2 and ABS) which are influenced by the grain size distribution; ii. To evaluate the shrinkage characteristics of these two raw earths. Hygroscopic properties have been investigated also for their relevance on mechanical strength which is clearly affected by water adsorption and water content. In this study, as reported also in previous literature works, it has been found that clayey soil alone is not apt for the building process; a building material must be constituted by aggregates and sand which constitute the granular skeleton, and by clay acting as the binding element. Clay alone has low bearing resistance. Sand is added to improve the mechanical properties of clayey soil. The addition of sand may provide good resistance to cracking, good adhesion and good water permeability. A comparative analysis is carried out for earth-based materials in terms of water retention behavior (WRC) and permeability. On the basis of experimental determination of suction (water retention behavior), a model of the retention curve is adopted to describe the hydro-mechanical properties. The proposed WRC model is an improved version of the Van Genuchten model, which makes a distinction between water retention due to Air entry value (AEV) and Grain size distribution. The complete set of Van Genuchten equations are given together with the complementary relationships developed for bimodal distribution on plastic/cohesive (clayey) soils. It is shown that the model provides a simple and practical mean to estimate the water retention curve from simple geotechnical properties. The goodness of such approaches is scrutinized in order to analyse their merits and demerits.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
2019_07_AbdulRahman.pdf
non accessibile
Descrizione: Thesis text
Dimensione
2.88 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
2.88 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/148935