Computer science has supported processes since many years. The construction and manufacturing industries have benefited from IT and technological tools to support their business, though with different manners imposed by the diversity of the relative markets. The industrial manufacturing sector has enjoyed the benefits brought by computer science for a long time, leading to a formalization of models and methods, namely Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, to digitalize production processes, and Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) systems for what concerns product design and conception. Both these systems are built on a central database, which works as data repository for all the subjects implied in the processes. Recently, thanks to the introduction of Building Information Modeling (BIM) methodology, the building sector has begun looking out to IT as a useful tool for data management. Nevertheless, the construction industry has employed computer science to speed up single activities or even to digitalize entire processes, facing then the need to harmonize outputs generated by different IT systems. Here, the attention of the industry on the inter-operability and the possibility to relate different softwares is born, focusing on the actual need for data exchange. In this way, the issues about the single team are solved, neglecting the digital continuity on the whole process. A real digital continuity can be granted only by those tools capable of virtualizing the processes dynamics, examinating the totality and not the particular. Digitalization in the manufacturing industry brought to the definition of new tools into a single environment, integrating the data generated by different disciplines, thus better responding to the dynamism distinguishing the outstanding processes. The objective of this work is the study of the different manners industry has employed IT with, and the definition of those "best practices" which could be reproduced in the construction sector. As a support, an applicable case is proposed, which has been developed with the aid of 3DEXPERIENCE® platform (an object-oriented relational database) by Dassault Systèmes, a PLM leader tool in the manufacturing industry, in partnership with experts who are dealing with the expanding plan of the "Aquagranda" sports center in Livigno. The use of a collaborative platform, with the integration of both CAD applications and other disciplines such as project management, marketing and financial administration, has allowed the focus on the methodology with which the process is managed. The processing ways of the main outputs of construction planning (3D model, metric calculation, task scheduling) have kept into account the need to structure data in a way to be easily identified and obtained by all the players of the process. During the development of the work, the main consequences derived by using 3DEXPERIENCE® have been considered: digital continuity is granted being able to visualize the evolution and maturation of data during time; collaboration is organized through specific roles that enable different functionalities; data management is atomic, working on single objects and not on files; the uniqueness of the model regards all the data concerning the product and the process, and not only the geometric ones. Facing the developed application, one may consider a radical change in perspective: rather than focusing on software, trying to fill the gaps in terms of functionality and inter-operability among them, studying the outstanding processes may be appropriate, sifting through which information are to be traced and indirectly managed within the building process, which are inputs and outputs in the single activities, and how such activities can be related with themselves in terms of collaboration. Being the object of management clear, the most suitable IT systems to support the processes can be identified. The consequence of having an IT system capable of gathering all the data of the building process in a structured manner, opens up to new analysis scenarios that could be developed in the future, making the processes and methodologies iteratively improvable.
Da molti anni, i processi aziendali vengono sostenuti da strumenti informatici. Il settore edile e quello industriale manifatturiero, con modalità diverse legate alle differenze dei mercati di riferimento, hanno usufruito degli strumenti informatici e tecnologici a sostegno del proprio business. Il settore industriale manifatturiero già da tempo gode dei benefici apportati dall’informatica, arrivando a formalizzare modelli e metodi: i sistemi Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), per digitalizzare i processi legati alla produzione, e i sistemi Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) per quanto riguarda l’ideazione e la progettazione dei prodotti. Entrambi questi sistemi si basano su un database centrale che funge da repository dei dati per tutti i soggetti implicati nei processi. Recentemente, con l’introduzione della metodologia Building Information Modeling (BIM), il settore edile ha iniziato a guardare all’informatica come strumento utile alla gestione dei dati. Tuttavia, l’edilizia ha utilizzato l’informatica per velocizzare singole attività piuttosto che digitalizzare interi processi, scontrandosi poi con l’esigenza di dover armonizzare gli output generati da sistemi informatici differenti. Da qui l’attenzione del settore per l’interoperabilità e la possibilità di relazionare software diversi, soffermandosi sulle esigenze contingenti di scambio dati. In questo modo si risolvono le problematiche relative al singolo team tralasciando la continuità digitale lungo l’intero processo. Una continuità digitale può essere garantita solo da strumenti capaci di virtualizzare la dinamicità dei processi, guardando all’insieme e non più alla singola attività. La digitalizzazione nell’industria manifatturiera ha portato alla definizione di strumenti che integrino in un unico ambiente i dati generati dalle diverse discipline, rispondendo meglio al dinamismo che contraddistingue i processi in essere. Obiettivo di questo lavoro è studiare le modalità con le quali l’industria ha impiegato la tecnologia informatica e definire quali best practice possano essere riproposte in edilizia. A supporto si propone un caso applicativo, sviluppato con l’ausilio della piattaforma 3DEXPERIENCE® (database relazionale object-oriented) di Dassault Systèmes, strumento PLM leader nel settore manifatturiero, in collaborazione con i professionisti che si stanno occupando della progettazione dell’ampliamento del centro sportivo “Aquagranda” in Livigno. L’utilizzo di una piattaforma collaborativa con integrati sia applicativi CAD sia applicativi per altre discipline, quali ad esempio il project management, il marketing, la gestione finanziaria, ha permesso di concentrarsi sulla metodologia con la quale gestire il processo. Le modalità di elaborazione dei principali output della progettazione edilizia (modello 3D, computo metrico, programma lavori) hanno voluto tenere conto dell’esigenza di strutturare i dati in modo che possano essere facilmente identificabili e fruibili da parte di tutti gli attori del processo. Durante lo sviluppo del lavoro sono state considerate e studiate le principali conseguenze derivate all’utilizzo della 3DEXPERIENCE®: la continuità digitale è garantita potendo visualizzare l’evoluzione e la maturazione dei dati nel tempo; la collaborazione è organizzata tramite specifici ruoli che abilitano a diverse funzionalità; la gestione dei dati è atomica lavorando su singoli oggetti e non su file; l’unicità del modello riguarda tutti i dati afferenti al prodotto e al processo e non soltanto quelli geometrici. A fronte dell’applicazione svolta, si può considerare un radicale cambio di prospettiva: piuttosto di concentrarsi sui software, cercando di colmarne le lacune in termini di funzionalità ed interoperabilità tra essi, è opportuno studiare i processi in essere, vagliare quali informazioni è necessario tracciare e gestire trasversalmente al processo edilizio, quali sono input e output delle singole attività e come tali attività possono essere relazionate fra loro in termini di collaborazione. Avendo chiaro cosa si vuole gestire, è possibile identificare i sistemi informatici più adatti a supportare i processi. La conseguenza di avere un sistema informatico capace di raccogliere in modo strutturato tutti i dati del processo edilizio, a condizione che vengano strutturate delle regole per gestirli, apre a nuovi scenari di analisi che potrebbero essere sviluppati in futuro, rendendo processi e metodologie migliorabili in maniera iterativa.
La gestione dei dati e dei processi dell'industria manifatturiera : una metodologia ed una risorsa per la filiera delle costruzioni
PICCIOLINI, MARCO;LORENZI, ANDREA
2018/2019
Abstract
Computer science has supported processes since many years. The construction and manufacturing industries have benefited from IT and technological tools to support their business, though with different manners imposed by the diversity of the relative markets. The industrial manufacturing sector has enjoyed the benefits brought by computer science for a long time, leading to a formalization of models and methods, namely Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, to digitalize production processes, and Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) systems for what concerns product design and conception. Both these systems are built on a central database, which works as data repository for all the subjects implied in the processes. Recently, thanks to the introduction of Building Information Modeling (BIM) methodology, the building sector has begun looking out to IT as a useful tool for data management. Nevertheless, the construction industry has employed computer science to speed up single activities or even to digitalize entire processes, facing then the need to harmonize outputs generated by different IT systems. Here, the attention of the industry on the inter-operability and the possibility to relate different softwares is born, focusing on the actual need for data exchange. In this way, the issues about the single team are solved, neglecting the digital continuity on the whole process. A real digital continuity can be granted only by those tools capable of virtualizing the processes dynamics, examinating the totality and not the particular. Digitalization in the manufacturing industry brought to the definition of new tools into a single environment, integrating the data generated by different disciplines, thus better responding to the dynamism distinguishing the outstanding processes. The objective of this work is the study of the different manners industry has employed IT with, and the definition of those "best practices" which could be reproduced in the construction sector. As a support, an applicable case is proposed, which has been developed with the aid of 3DEXPERIENCE® platform (an object-oriented relational database) by Dassault Systèmes, a PLM leader tool in the manufacturing industry, in partnership with experts who are dealing with the expanding plan of the "Aquagranda" sports center in Livigno. The use of a collaborative platform, with the integration of both CAD applications and other disciplines such as project management, marketing and financial administration, has allowed the focus on the methodology with which the process is managed. The processing ways of the main outputs of construction planning (3D model, metric calculation, task scheduling) have kept into account the need to structure data in a way to be easily identified and obtained by all the players of the process. During the development of the work, the main consequences derived by using 3DEXPERIENCE® have been considered: digital continuity is granted being able to visualize the evolution and maturation of data during time; collaboration is organized through specific roles that enable different functionalities; data management is atomic, working on single objects and not on files; the uniqueness of the model regards all the data concerning the product and the process, and not only the geometric ones. Facing the developed application, one may consider a radical change in perspective: rather than focusing on software, trying to fill the gaps in terms of functionality and inter-operability among them, studying the outstanding processes may be appropriate, sifting through which information are to be traced and indirectly managed within the building process, which are inputs and outputs in the single activities, and how such activities can be related with themselves in terms of collaboration. Being the object of management clear, the most suitable IT systems to support the processes can be identified. The consequence of having an IT system capable of gathering all the data of the building process in a structured manner, opens up to new analysis scenarios that could be developed in the future, making the processes and methodologies iteratively improvable.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/149015