The following thesis project take place in the context of the high-tech equipment management activities performed by the Clinical Engineering Unit at the ASST Vimercate. Given its central role in care pathways, the economic value and the level of security required, this type of technology is characterized by high management complexity. Therefore, the proper management of high-tech equipment must constantly ensure high levels of availability, high operation quality, and cost rationalization. As part of this project, the analysis of high-tech equipment management processes during their lifecycle at the ASST Vimercate has been carried out and, then, some processes optimization proposals have been developed through the introduction of new methodologies and tools. Therefore, the proposal of optimization of the processes related to the assessment, to the performance monitoring, and to the data analysis to check the status of the equipment and to develop investment and disinvestment plans has been performed. Initially, the Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment procedure currently used at the Company has been analyzed and, subsequently, a proposal of a new process has been formulated; the developed process has been built through the application of the Business Process Management principles, of the guidelines provided by the European project Adhophta and by the studies found in literature; the proposed process has been defined both from the organizational perspective, and from the methodology and tools developed to perform the activities point of view. Subsequently, the acquisition topic has been discussed by providing a critical analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the various possible acquisition strategies for the high-tech equipment; the acquisition strategies directly affect the management of the technologies since the proprietary equipment is generally managed by an external company that provides the technical assistance and maintenance service, while those acquired according to different forms of ownership are directly managed by the producers. In this context, the technical specifications of the Regional call for tender for the assignment of the management and maintenance service for electromedical equipment at various hospitals of the Region has been analyzed. Then, with regards to the management of the equipment, a performance monitoring system has been developed. In this context, a set of relevant Key Performance Indicators (KPI) to analyze the performance of equipment management activities has been produced. Then, a web-based application, based on Rstudio and its Rshiny package, for the calculation and representation of equipment management KPI has been developed; the application, having received the maintenance data collected by the Hospital information system for maintenance management, calculates the KPIs and represents them through an intuitive graphic, of easy interpretation, and customizable according to the needs of the professionals who use it. Furthermore, a functionality for the calculation of penalties for the missed achievement of the service levels by the external company that manages the maintenance activities has been added to this application; this tool processes the input data in relation to the predetermined service levels, calculates the deviations and the related penalties. Moreover, a Replacement Priority Index has been developed; it is a widely distributed tool among the Region's hospitals for checking the status of equipment and their performance. This is a useful tool that can be used in high technology equipment disposals, investments and disinvestments planning phases. In this context, the current disposal procedure used in the Company has been analyzed and the use of the Replacement Priority Index has been proposed as a tool for the constant monitoring of the status of the equipment, with the aim of anticipating and avoiding the occurrence of inconvenience caused by the downtime of the equipment. Finally, the issue of disinvestment has been analyzed, highlighting how it is related to the HB-HTA process proposed and the Replacement Priority Index developed in the context of this thesis project.
Il presente lavoro di tesi si colloca nel contesto delle attività di gestione delle apparecchiature ad alta tecnologia presso l’ASST Vimercate da parte dell’U.O.C. Ingegneria Clinica. Tale tipologia di tecnologie è contraddistinta da elevata complessità gestionale, vista la sua centralità nei percorsi di cura, il valore economico e il livello di sicurezza richiesto. Pertanto, la corretta gestione delle apparecchiature ad alta tecnologia deve garantire costantemente alti livelli di disponibilità, elevati standard qualitativi di funzionamento e razionalizzazione dei costi. Nell’ambito di questo elaborato è stata realizzata l’analisi del processo di gestione delle apparecchiature ad alta tecnologia presso l’ASST Vimercate durante il loro ciclo di vita e, successivamente, sono state sviluppate delle proposte di ottimizzazione dei processi attraverso l’introduzione di nuove metodologie e strumenti. È stata pertanto sviluppata una proposta di inclusione nel processo di gestione di metodologie e strumenti relativi alla valutazione, al monitoraggio delle prestazioni, all’analisi dei dati per il controllo dello stato dell’apparecchiatura, e per la programmazione di piani di investimento e disinvestimento. Inizialmente è stata analizzata la procedura di Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment utilizzata attualmente presso l’Azienda e, in seguito, è stata formulata una proposta di un nuovo processo, realizzato attraverso l’applicazione dei principi di Business Process Management, delle linee guida fornite dal progetto Europeo Adhophta e dagli studi presenti in letteratura; il processo proposto è stato definito dal punto di vista organizzativo, della metodologia e degli strumenti informatici sviluppati per lo svolgimento delle attività. Successivamente si è trattata la tematica dell’acquisizione fornendo un’analisi critica dei vantaggi e degli svantaggi delle diverse possibili strategie di acquisizione delle apparecchiature ad alta tecnologia; le strategie di acquisizione si ripercuotono direttamente sulla gestione delle tecnologie in quanto le apparecchiature di proprietà sono generalmente gestite da un’azienda esterna che eroga il servizio di assistenza tecnica e manutenzione, mentre quelle acquisite secondo forme differenti dalla proprietà sono gestite direttamente dai produttori. In tale contesto è stato analizzato il capitolato tecnico del bando di gara Regionale per l’affidamento del servizio di gestione e manutenzione delle apparecchiature elettromedicali presso le Aziende del territorio. In seguito, per quanto riguarda la gestione delle apparecchiature, è stato sviluppato un sistema di monitoraggio delle prestazioni. In tale contesto, è stato sviluppato un set di Key Performance Indicators (KPI) rilevanti per l’analisi delle prestazioni delle attività di gestione delle apparecchiature. È stata quindi realizzata un’applicazione web based, basata su Rstudio e il suo pacchetto Rshiny, per il calcolo e la rappresentazione dei KPI della gestione delle apparecchiature; l’applicazione, ricevuti in ingresso i dati delle manutenzioni correttive scaricabili dal sistema informativo aziendale per la gestione della manutenzione, calcola i KPI e li rappresenta attraverso una grafica intuitiva, di facile interpretazione, e personalizzabile in base alle esigenze dei professionisti che la utilizzano. Inoltre, è stata aggiunta a tale applicazione la funzionalità del calcolo delle penali per il mancato raggiungimento dei livelli di servizio da parte dell’azienda che gestisce le attività di manutenzione; questa funzionalità elabora i dati in ingresso in rapporto ai livelli di servizio prestabiliti, calcola gli scostamenti e le relative penali. Successivamente, è stato progettato e sviluppato un Indice di Priorità di Sostituzione, uno strumento per il controllo dello stato delle apparecchiature e le loro prestazioni ampiamente diffuso presso le aziende sanitarie della Regione. Tale strumento è utilizzabile in fase di programmazione delle dismissioni, degli investimenti e dei disinvestimenti relativi alle apparecchiature ad alta tecnologia. L’indice di Priorità di Sostituzione si ricollega infatti alla fase finale della gestione delle apparecchiature, la dismissione. In tale contesto è stata analizzata l’attuale procedura di dismissione utilizzata in Azienda e si è proposto l’utilizzo dell’Indice di Priorità di Sostituzione come strumento per il monitoraggio costante dello stato delle apparecchiature, con lo scopo di anticipare ed evitare l’insorgenza di disagi causati dai fuori uso delle apparecchiature.
Le apparecchiature ad alta tecnologia : nuovi approcci di gestione presso la ASST Vimercate
STAGNO, EMANUELE
2018/2019
Abstract
The following thesis project take place in the context of the high-tech equipment management activities performed by the Clinical Engineering Unit at the ASST Vimercate. Given its central role in care pathways, the economic value and the level of security required, this type of technology is characterized by high management complexity. Therefore, the proper management of high-tech equipment must constantly ensure high levels of availability, high operation quality, and cost rationalization. As part of this project, the analysis of high-tech equipment management processes during their lifecycle at the ASST Vimercate has been carried out and, then, some processes optimization proposals have been developed through the introduction of new methodologies and tools. Therefore, the proposal of optimization of the processes related to the assessment, to the performance monitoring, and to the data analysis to check the status of the equipment and to develop investment and disinvestment plans has been performed. Initially, the Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment procedure currently used at the Company has been analyzed and, subsequently, a proposal of a new process has been formulated; the developed process has been built through the application of the Business Process Management principles, of the guidelines provided by the European project Adhophta and by the studies found in literature; the proposed process has been defined both from the organizational perspective, and from the methodology and tools developed to perform the activities point of view. Subsequently, the acquisition topic has been discussed by providing a critical analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the various possible acquisition strategies for the high-tech equipment; the acquisition strategies directly affect the management of the technologies since the proprietary equipment is generally managed by an external company that provides the technical assistance and maintenance service, while those acquired according to different forms of ownership are directly managed by the producers. In this context, the technical specifications of the Regional call for tender for the assignment of the management and maintenance service for electromedical equipment at various hospitals of the Region has been analyzed. Then, with regards to the management of the equipment, a performance monitoring system has been developed. In this context, a set of relevant Key Performance Indicators (KPI) to analyze the performance of equipment management activities has been produced. Then, a web-based application, based on Rstudio and its Rshiny package, for the calculation and representation of equipment management KPI has been developed; the application, having received the maintenance data collected by the Hospital information system for maintenance management, calculates the KPIs and represents them through an intuitive graphic, of easy interpretation, and customizable according to the needs of the professionals who use it. Furthermore, a functionality for the calculation of penalties for the missed achievement of the service levels by the external company that manages the maintenance activities has been added to this application; this tool processes the input data in relation to the predetermined service levels, calculates the deviations and the related penalties. Moreover, a Replacement Priority Index has been developed; it is a widely distributed tool among the Region's hospitals for checking the status of equipment and their performance. This is a useful tool that can be used in high technology equipment disposals, investments and disinvestments planning phases. In this context, the current disposal procedure used in the Company has been analyzed and the use of the Replacement Priority Index has been proposed as a tool for the constant monitoring of the status of the equipment, with the aim of anticipating and avoiding the occurrence of inconvenience caused by the downtime of the equipment. Finally, the issue of disinvestment has been analyzed, highlighting how it is related to the HB-HTA process proposed and the Replacement Priority Index developed in the context of this thesis project.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/149030