Reliable access to electrical power plays an important role in the development of any country because it helps in setting stronger industries that fasten the rise of the middle class. In the recent past, electric power industry has experienced an exciting digital transformation. This digital transformation is a result of technological and macroeconomic forces. It has brought about new opportunities and challenges for the power industry. A digital twin is one of such opportunities offered by digital transformation. The idea of the digital twin was presented by Dr. Grieves in 2002 and he defined digital twin (DT) [1] as “A set of virtual information constructs that fully describes a potential or actual physical manufactured product from the micro atomic level to the macro geometrical level”. Digital Twin is a close to the real-time digital image of a physical asset/object or a process which helps in improving its performance. Digital twin may also be defined as an evolving digital copy of an asset based on current and previous behaviors of the asset. The creation of the digital twin of a power system will help in improved power system operations, reduced interruptions and add new business models to generate revenue. By creating a digital representation of a physical object, how the object is performing and how it will behave under different circumstances, can be visualized. So, by creating a digital representation of the power system, there will be a need to process a lot of data. Therefore, data management is one of the key challenges of the digital transformation of the power system because of the increasing data. Data management is difficult because the data is usually increasing with time, incomplete in nature, difficult to merge, heterogeneous and arrives at different rates. The data accumulated by digital twin from different sources produces a picture of past, present and future of power system components and power system as a whole. Also, data represent diverse views of power system such as over a whole substation or load at feeder level. A system needs to merge all data sets to provide a common view [2]. A Database management system (DBMS), if based on the Common Information Model (CIM), is one such type of system that presents a common view of power system for different utilities. Because CIM makes it easier to make communications between different utilities. Database management systems can store this diverse data and help in the processing of data. A database management system is one of the key components of a power system control center. With the evolution of power system control centers from SCADA based IP/TCP based communication to PMU based control centers the database management systems have also evolved [3]. Control centers have moved from the strictly centralized to distributed hierarchy. The future control centers will be based on a fast data acquisition system employing the synchronized phasor measurement units, distributed data acquisition and processing [4]. Increasing applications of IoT, machine learning and Industry 4.0 has urged that innovation may also be introduced in the power system control centers. Increasing use of sensors and intelligent electronic devices in the power system may pave the way for the introduction of digital twin concept in control centers. As the core of power system control center is considered to be the, DBMS, therefore a suitable DBMS should be designed and implemented. Considering the benefits, such as increased reliability and efficiency of power system, of employing digital twin in power system control center, the DT may revolutionize the future control center technology, therefore, a novel data management system is the need of the hour which fulfills the needs of next-generation power system control centers. After careful considerations and comparisons between graph and relational databases, a relational database schema is chosen for the implementation of this thesis task. The huge amount of power system data and the complexity of equipment models is a challenge in the employment of digital twin in power system. A balance has been maintained while choosing the models of power system equipment such as transformers, transmission lines and regulators so as not to over complicate things while maintaining necessary information to make a digital image of a real power system. A Python-based database configuration script has been utilized for setting up a configurable database schema in a digital twin centered database management system. A PostgreSQL based database has been designed and adapted to the needs of the Digital Twin database. Checking data integrity is vital for the correct functioning of proposed DBMS, therefore, a cross-check validation algorithm for checking data integrity is also employed. To make communications easy between the utilities, PostgreSQL database schema is based on the Common Information Model and the database schema has been translated into shareable XML files.
Creando una rappresentazione digitale di un oggetto fisico, come viene eseguito l'oggetto e come si comporterà in circostanze diverse, può essere visualizzato. Quindi, creando una rappresentazione digitale del sistema di alimentazione, sarà necessario elaborare una grande quantità di dati. Pertanto, la gestione dei dati è una delle sfide chiave della trasformazione digitale del sistema di alimentazione a causa dei dati in aumento. La gestione dei dati è difficile perché i dati di solito aumentano nel tempo, sono incompleti, difficili da fondere, eterogenei e arrivano a velocità diverse. I dati accumulati dal gemello digitale da diverse fonti producono un'immagine del passato, presente e futuro dei componenti del sistema di alimentazione e del sistema di alimentazione nel suo complesso. Inoltre, i dati rappresentano diversi punti di vista del sistema di alimentazione, ad esempio su un'intera sottostazione o caricati a livello di alimentatore. Un sistema deve unire tutti i set di dati per fornire una vista comune [2]. Un sistema di gestione del database (DBMS), se basato sul Common Information Model (CIM), è uno di questi tipi di sistema che presenta una visione comune del sistema di alimentazione per diverse utilità. Perché CIM rende più semplice la comunicazione tra diverse utilità. I sistemi di gestione dei database possono memorizzare questi dati diversi e aiutare nell'elaborazione dei dati.
Conception development and evalutation of a data management system for digital twinning of power systems
UMER, AITIZAZ
2018/2019
Abstract
Reliable access to electrical power plays an important role in the development of any country because it helps in setting stronger industries that fasten the rise of the middle class. In the recent past, electric power industry has experienced an exciting digital transformation. This digital transformation is a result of technological and macroeconomic forces. It has brought about new opportunities and challenges for the power industry. A digital twin is one of such opportunities offered by digital transformation. The idea of the digital twin was presented by Dr. Grieves in 2002 and he defined digital twin (DT) [1] as “A set of virtual information constructs that fully describes a potential or actual physical manufactured product from the micro atomic level to the macro geometrical level”. Digital Twin is a close to the real-time digital image of a physical asset/object or a process which helps in improving its performance. Digital twin may also be defined as an evolving digital copy of an asset based on current and previous behaviors of the asset. The creation of the digital twin of a power system will help in improved power system operations, reduced interruptions and add new business models to generate revenue. By creating a digital representation of a physical object, how the object is performing and how it will behave under different circumstances, can be visualized. So, by creating a digital representation of the power system, there will be a need to process a lot of data. Therefore, data management is one of the key challenges of the digital transformation of the power system because of the increasing data. Data management is difficult because the data is usually increasing with time, incomplete in nature, difficult to merge, heterogeneous and arrives at different rates. The data accumulated by digital twin from different sources produces a picture of past, present and future of power system components and power system as a whole. Also, data represent diverse views of power system such as over a whole substation or load at feeder level. A system needs to merge all data sets to provide a common view [2]. A Database management system (DBMS), if based on the Common Information Model (CIM), is one such type of system that presents a common view of power system for different utilities. Because CIM makes it easier to make communications between different utilities. Database management systems can store this diverse data and help in the processing of data. A database management system is one of the key components of a power system control center. With the evolution of power system control centers from SCADA based IP/TCP based communication to PMU based control centers the database management systems have also evolved [3]. Control centers have moved from the strictly centralized to distributed hierarchy. The future control centers will be based on a fast data acquisition system employing the synchronized phasor measurement units, distributed data acquisition and processing [4]. Increasing applications of IoT, machine learning and Industry 4.0 has urged that innovation may also be introduced in the power system control centers. Increasing use of sensors and intelligent electronic devices in the power system may pave the way for the introduction of digital twin concept in control centers. As the core of power system control center is considered to be the, DBMS, therefore a suitable DBMS should be designed and implemented. Considering the benefits, such as increased reliability and efficiency of power system, of employing digital twin in power system control center, the DT may revolutionize the future control center technology, therefore, a novel data management system is the need of the hour which fulfills the needs of next-generation power system control centers. After careful considerations and comparisons between graph and relational databases, a relational database schema is chosen for the implementation of this thesis task. The huge amount of power system data and the complexity of equipment models is a challenge in the employment of digital twin in power system. A balance has been maintained while choosing the models of power system equipment such as transformers, transmission lines and regulators so as not to over complicate things while maintaining necessary information to make a digital image of a real power system. A Python-based database configuration script has been utilized for setting up a configurable database schema in a digital twin centered database management system. A PostgreSQL based database has been designed and adapted to the needs of the Digital Twin database. Checking data integrity is vital for the correct functioning of proposed DBMS, therefore, a cross-check validation algorithm for checking data integrity is also employed. To make communications easy between the utilities, PostgreSQL database schema is based on the Common Information Model and the database schema has been translated into shareable XML files.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/149449