In the latest years, research has expanded from Si pn-junction solar cells to completely different materials as III-V semiconductors junctions and nano-structured materials. In this context, the objective of this work was to simulate the first generation of nanowire-based solar cells fabricated at Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N) by the group SUNLIT. The goal of the study was to compare the simulations with the experimental characterisations and to propose further design improvements for the next generation of NWs' devices. The first generation of NW-based solar cells fabricated at C2N and based on a radial GaAs homo-junction have relatively low open-circuit voltage (0.39 V) and low filling factor (42%). These values are very similar to the values reported in literature by other groups for the same devices. By replacing the GaAs n-type shell with a n-type InGaP hetero-contact, it was possible to significantly improve (+50%) the Voc (0.6 V) and this represent at the moment the best Voc for a NW radial junction grown on Si(111). To begin, a simplified structure has been studied with 1D simulations carried out with the freeware SCAPS. This made possible to identify the effect doping of the n-type shell on the depletion region in the external shell. Afterwards, with the commercial software SILVACO a 3D model of the NW has been studied. In particular, we understood that the low Voc and FF are not caused by the geometry of the nanowire, but rather by the presence of interface states that generates non-radiative recombination and/or unwanted Fermi level pinning in the proximity of the contacts.
Negli ultimi anni, oltre alle tradizionali celle fotovoltaiche basate sul silicio, sono state sviluppate celle realizzate con materiali diversi, quali i semiconduttori III-V e i materiali nanostrutturati. In questo contesto, nella tesi è presentata un'analisi della prima generazione delle celle fotovoltaiche a nanofili fabbricate al Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N) dal gruppo SUNLIT. La finalità di questo studio è quella di comparare le simulazioni con i risultati sperimentali, e di proporre un perfezionamento del design per la successiva generazione di celle a nanofili. La prima generazione di celle solari, composta da una omogiunzione radiale di arsenuro di gallio (GaAs), ha un voltaggio di circuito aperto Voc molto piccolo (0.39 V) e un piccolo fattore di riempimento (FF = 42%), analogamente a quanto riportato nella letteratura da altri gruppi per lo stesso tipo di dispositivi. La sostituzione del n-GaAs del guscio dei nanofili con fosfuro di indio e gallio (n-InGaP) ha permesso di aumentare del 50% la Voc. Tale risultato rappresenta attualmente la miglior tensione di circuito aperto per un nanofilo con giunzione radiale su Si(111). Le prime simulazioni sono state realizzate con il freeware SILVACO, utilizzando una geometria monodimensionale. Queste simulazioni hanno permesso di identificare il ruolo del dopaggio del guscio del nanofilo sullo spessore della zona di svuotamento nel guscio stesso. In seguito, con il software commerciale SILVACO è stato possibile modellizzare in tre dimensioni un nanofilo. I risultati ottenuti permettono di affermare che i bassi valori di Voc e FF non dipendono dalla geometria del nanofilo, quanto piuttosto da un ridotto tempo di vita non radiativo dei portatori e/o dal pinning del livello di Fermi ai contatti del nanofilo.
Modelling of GaAs nanowires based solar cells
PETRONIO, FEDERICO
2018/2019
Abstract
In the latest years, research has expanded from Si pn-junction solar cells to completely different materials as III-V semiconductors junctions and nano-structured materials. In this context, the objective of this work was to simulate the first generation of nanowire-based solar cells fabricated at Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N) by the group SUNLIT. The goal of the study was to compare the simulations with the experimental characterisations and to propose further design improvements for the next generation of NWs' devices. The first generation of NW-based solar cells fabricated at C2N and based on a radial GaAs homo-junction have relatively low open-circuit voltage (0.39 V) and low filling factor (42%). These values are very similar to the values reported in literature by other groups for the same devices. By replacing the GaAs n-type shell with a n-type InGaP hetero-contact, it was possible to significantly improve (+50%) the Voc (0.6 V) and this represent at the moment the best Voc for a NW radial junction grown on Si(111). To begin, a simplified structure has been studied with 1D simulations carried out with the freeware SCAPS. This made possible to identify the effect doping of the n-type shell on the depletion region in the external shell. Afterwards, with the commercial software SILVACO a 3D model of the NW has been studied. In particular, we understood that the low Voc and FF are not caused by the geometry of the nanowire, but rather by the presence of interface states that generates non-radiative recombination and/or unwanted Fermi level pinning in the proximity of the contacts.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
190909_thesis_petronio.pdf
accessibile in internet per tutti
Descrizione: 190909_thesis
Dimensione
9.15 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
9.15 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/149541