Graphite is used in several applications starting from pencils to nuclear reactors, with other applications in between; such as lubricants, electrodes, batteries, solar panels and collimators. The properties of graphite were of extensive investigations for a few decades ago, and it was widely used in nuclear reactors. More recently, a new interest in graphite properties has been triggered by some specific applications. Namely, graphite or graphitic materials are adopted in accelerator technology to build beam collimators and beam dumps, as in LHC accelerators at CERN. In this thesis, pre-irradiation graphite properties are discussed to understand the radiation effect on the crystals and find ways to prevent sever mutation if any. Here, we start with graphite crystal structure and the different types of graphite, then how lattice structure differentiate the defects propagation vacancies and interstitial, which in turn have an influence on the mechanical properties of the graphite which is discussed in the third chapter.
La grafite è utilizzata in diverse applicazioni che vanno dalle matite ai reattori nucleari, con altre applicazioni intermedie; come lubrificanti, elettrodi, batterie, pannelli solari e collimatori. Le proprietà della grafite sono state di ampie ricerche per alcuni decenni fa, ed è stato ampiamente utilizzato nei reattori nucleari. Più recentemente, un nuovo interesse per le proprietà della grafite è stato innescato da alcune applicazioni specifiche. Vale a dire, i materiali grafite o grafitici sono adottati nella tecnologia dell'acceleratore per costruire collimatori di fascio e discariche, come negli acceleratori LHC del CERN. In questa tesi, le proprietà della grafite pre-irradiazione sono discusse per comprendere l'effetto delle radiazioni sui cristalli e trovare modi per prevenire la mutazione di sever, se presente. Qui, iniziamo con la struttura dei cristalli di grafite e con i diversi tipi di grafite, quindi come la struttura reticolare differenzia i vani di propagazione dei vuoti e gli interstiziali, che a loro volta influenzano le proprietà meccaniche della grafite che viene discussa nel terzo capitolo.
Graphite structure and its mechanical properties
ELAMRAWY, NERMEEN HASSAN RAGAB MASSOUD
2018/2019
Abstract
Graphite is used in several applications starting from pencils to nuclear reactors, with other applications in between; such as lubricants, electrodes, batteries, solar panels and collimators. The properties of graphite were of extensive investigations for a few decades ago, and it was widely used in nuclear reactors. More recently, a new interest in graphite properties has been triggered by some specific applications. Namely, graphite or graphitic materials are adopted in accelerator technology to build beam collimators and beam dumps, as in LHC accelerators at CERN. In this thesis, pre-irradiation graphite properties are discussed to understand the radiation effect on the crystals and find ways to prevent sever mutation if any. Here, we start with graphite crystal structure and the different types of graphite, then how lattice structure differentiate the defects propagation vacancies and interstitial, which in turn have an influence on the mechanical properties of the graphite which is discussed in the third chapter.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Graphite Structure and its Mechanical Properties.pdf
Open Access dal 18/09/2020
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/149554