This thesis deals with the value of self-construction, inserting it in a more complex context of localization against globalization as one of the possible practices in response to the current systemic crisis in which we are immersed. In the first part are briefly outlined the Italian social and economic situation, as well as the housing emergency situation. It will be also outline how the environmental crisis affects and could influence social and housing dynamics in the future. At the end of the observations it will be discussed the current example of the “zona del Cratere” (the area subjected to earthquakes in 2016 and in 2017 in central Italy) in which most of these problems are contained. Among the framework of reactions and solutions in response to these problems it will be explained the practice of self-construction: from the general to the particular, from the past to the present, deepening the social reasons that lead to its birth. It will be shown the intellectual approach of a great scholar of the practice, John F.C. Turner, who expressed theses of universal value, some of which could also be adapted to the Italian reality. It will be also shown some theories expressed by great authors such as Colin Ward will and some real applications will be resumed, designed and created by two architects who, over the last century, have focused on self-construction: Hassan Fathy and Walter Segal. Then it will be clarified the difference between the family self-construction born a few years ago and the assisted and associated self-construction and the self-construction in direct economy, defining the Italian regulatory framework and the experience of the association “A.R.I.A. familiare” active in our area. At the end of the first part it will be discussed about the technologies suitable for this practice, with the characteristics of rapidity and simplicity, outlining a scale that determines the total value in which the weight of the voluntary labor and the weight of the industry are balanced: some examples will be brought concrete, different in time and geographical location. In the second part of the thesis it will be discussed about self-building in its most interesting form for the current Italian panorama: we will talk about self-recovery, which deviates from the field of new buildings intersecting the enhancement of the existing heritage of our country: it is a movement in contrast with the trend of abandonment of the small Apennine poles. In this restructuring work, followed by the architect Sauro Guarnieri with whom I collaborated, also actively participating in the construction site, we can found some answers to the intuitions made in the first part of the thesis. This is the recovery of the church of Pulicciano, a village located in Tuscany in the province of Arezzo, involving two families with the intention of a more active community life and of actively participating in the renovation of their home in a landscape that would not have allowed them to stay of this level. Continuing, entering the technical part, we will discuss in particular the lime and hemp technology that we used for energy retrofit in self-construction, proposing a complete and concise picture of its composition, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the practical steps on the construction site performed by unskilled volunteers are represented. In addition, will be proposed observations and criticisms on the realization on the basis of my path. Net of all the considerations and issues touched upon and after illustrating the case, we can see how self-construction is a partial but systemic solution to those problems we discussed at the beginning and this will be a very important step to face future changes, legally accompanying processes that will be spontaneous.
Questa tesi tratta del valore dell’autocostruzione, inserendola in un contesto più ampio e complesso della localizzazione in contrapposizione alla globalizzazione come una delle possibili pratiche attuative risolutive in risposta agli stimoli dell’attuale crisi sistemica in cui siamo immersi, nonché come risposta ai problemi del mercato immobiliare che non riesce a soddisfare la domanda di alloggi a basso costo. Nella prima parte si delineano in breve i problemi sociali ed economici italiani: quindi la situazione dell’emergenza abitativa attuale. Si accennerà a come la crisi ambientale influenza e potrebbe influenzare in futuro le dinamiche sociali e abitative. Alla fine delle osservazioni si discorrerà sull’esempio attuale della zona del cratere (ovvero la zona soggetta a terremoti nel 2016 e nel 2017 in centro Italia) in cui sono racchiuse la maggior parte di queste problematiche, a cui si risponderà nelle prospettive finali. Nel quadro delle reazioni e delle soluzioni in risposta a questi problemi si approfondisce la pratica dell’autocostruzione: dal generale al particolare, dal passato al presente, approfondendo le ragioni sociali che ne comportano la nascita. Si tratta in breve dell’approccio intellettuale di una grande studioso della pratica, John F.C. Turner, che ha espresso tesi dal valore universale, alcune delle quali potrebbero essere adattate anche alla realtà italiana. Si seguiranno alcune teorie espresse da grandi autori come Colin Ward e si riprenderanno le applicazioni reali progettate e realizzate da due architetti che hanno puntato, nel secolo scorso, su questa filosofia del costruire: Hassan Fathy e Walter Segal. Si proseguirà poi chiarendo la differenza dell’autocostruzione familiare nata da pochi anni rispetto all’autocostruzione assistita e associata degli anni ’80 e i lavori in economia diretta, definendone il quadro normativo italiano e l’esperienza di A.R.I.A. familiare attiva sul nostro territorio. Alla fine della prima parte si ragionerà sulle tecnologie adatte a questa pratica, ovvero sulle caratteristiche di rapidità e semplicità, delineando una scala che determina il valore complessivo in cui si bilanciano il peso della manodopera volontaria e il peso dell’industria: si porteranno alcuni esempi concreti, differenti nel tempo e nell’ubicazione geografica. Nella seconda parte si declinerà la pratica oggetto della tesi nella sua sfaccettatura più interessante per il panorama italiano attuale: si parlerà infatti di una realizzazione in autorecupero, che si discosta dal campo delle nuove costruzioni intersecandosi con la valorizzazione del patrimonio esistente del nostro paese: è un movimento in controtendenza alla tendenza dell’abbandono dei piccoli poli appenninici. In questa opera di ristrutturazione, seguita dall’architetto Sauro Guarnieri con cui ho collaborato partecipando anche attivamente al cantiere, si riscontrano alcune risposte alle intuizioni fatte nella prima parte della tesi. Segue lo sviluppo normativo spiegato nella prima parte e applicato ad un caso reale. Si tratta del recupero della Canonica del paese di Pulicciano, situato in Toscana in provincia di Arezzo coinvolgendo due famiglie con l’intenzione di una vita comunitaria più attiva e di partecipare attivamente alla ristrutturazione della propria abitazione in un panorama che non gli avrebbe permesso un alloggio di tal livello. Proseguendo, addentrandosi nella parte tecnica, si discorrerà nel particolare della tecnologia calce e canapa che abbiamo utilizzato per il retrofit energetico in autocostruzione, proponendone un quadro completo e sintetico circa composizione, caratteristiche, vantaggi e svantaggi. Si rappresentando infine i passaggi pratici nel cantiere eseguite ad opera dei volontari non specializzati. Verranno inoltre proposte delle osservazioni e delle critiche sulla realizzazione sulle basi del mio percorso. Al netto di tutte le considerazioni e dei temi toccati e dopo aver illustrato il caso di studio, si percepisce come l’autocostruzione sia una soluzione parziale ma sistemica ai problemi che imperversano nell’attualità e sarà un passo molto importante per affrontare i cambiamenti futuri, accompagnando legalmente processi che saranno spontanei. Alla fine della trattazione sono illustrati alcuni disegni tecnici dell’intervento per accompagnarne la comprensione.
L'autocostruzione familliare in Italia : il caso in autorecupero della canonica della chiesa di Sant'Andrea a Pulicciano
PERSICO, LUCA
2018/2019
Abstract
This thesis deals with the value of self-construction, inserting it in a more complex context of localization against globalization as one of the possible practices in response to the current systemic crisis in which we are immersed. In the first part are briefly outlined the Italian social and economic situation, as well as the housing emergency situation. It will be also outline how the environmental crisis affects and could influence social and housing dynamics in the future. At the end of the observations it will be discussed the current example of the “zona del Cratere” (the area subjected to earthquakes in 2016 and in 2017 in central Italy) in which most of these problems are contained. Among the framework of reactions and solutions in response to these problems it will be explained the practice of self-construction: from the general to the particular, from the past to the present, deepening the social reasons that lead to its birth. It will be shown the intellectual approach of a great scholar of the practice, John F.C. Turner, who expressed theses of universal value, some of which could also be adapted to the Italian reality. It will be also shown some theories expressed by great authors such as Colin Ward will and some real applications will be resumed, designed and created by two architects who, over the last century, have focused on self-construction: Hassan Fathy and Walter Segal. Then it will be clarified the difference between the family self-construction born a few years ago and the assisted and associated self-construction and the self-construction in direct economy, defining the Italian regulatory framework and the experience of the association “A.R.I.A. familiare” active in our area. At the end of the first part it will be discussed about the technologies suitable for this practice, with the characteristics of rapidity and simplicity, outlining a scale that determines the total value in which the weight of the voluntary labor and the weight of the industry are balanced: some examples will be brought concrete, different in time and geographical location. In the second part of the thesis it will be discussed about self-building in its most interesting form for the current Italian panorama: we will talk about self-recovery, which deviates from the field of new buildings intersecting the enhancement of the existing heritage of our country: it is a movement in contrast with the trend of abandonment of the small Apennine poles. In this restructuring work, followed by the architect Sauro Guarnieri with whom I collaborated, also actively participating in the construction site, we can found some answers to the intuitions made in the first part of the thesis. This is the recovery of the church of Pulicciano, a village located in Tuscany in the province of Arezzo, involving two families with the intention of a more active community life and of actively participating in the renovation of their home in a landscape that would not have allowed them to stay of this level. Continuing, entering the technical part, we will discuss in particular the lime and hemp technology that we used for energy retrofit in self-construction, proposing a complete and concise picture of its composition, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the practical steps on the construction site performed by unskilled volunteers are represented. In addition, will be proposed observations and criticisms on the realization on the basis of my path. Net of all the considerations and issues touched upon and after illustrating the case, we can see how self-construction is a partial but systemic solution to those problems we discussed at the beginning and this will be a very important step to face future changes, legally accompanying processes that will be spontaneous.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
L'AUTOCOSTRUZIONE FAMILIARE IN ITALIA. IL CASO IN AUTORECUPERO DELLA CANONICA DELLA CHIESA DI SANT'ANDREA A PULICCIANO.pdf
solo utenti autorizzati dal 12/09/2020
Descrizione: Testo della tesi e tavole di progetto
Dimensione
7.9 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
7.9 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/149585