The following thesis is the result of a course of Double Degree which had as its first result the master’s degree obtained at the Pontificia Universidad católica de chile in Landscape Architecture, thesis discussed in January 2019 and today is proposed with a new design development. Climate change is the 21st century emergency, as Sandro Fuzzi says, including the water issue in the first place, not only for developing countries, but also for Italy, climate hotspot as reported by the European Environment Agency (EEA, 2012). According to this premise, the purpose of the report is to analyse certain technologies for dealing with drought, which are used in various areas to verify whether they are also applicable in the Italian context. The study areas correspond to chañaral (Chile) and Milan (Italy): the two cities belong to completely different climatic regions, one extremely arid and the other Mediterranean, but both are subject to intense fog especially during the winter period, but these phenomena have very different characteristics in both continents. In this thesis will be examined the Italian city. While in Chile, the research and the project have developed thanks to the existing experiments concerning fog; in Italy, having no surveys to refer to, the thesis is based on climate data analysis related to dew, In the latter case, however, results remain at the theoretical level. The instrument adopted in ancient times but which in recent years has been re-evaluated is the atrapaniebla, an ephemeral architecture that manages to capture the water from the air, in the form of fog. The atrapaniebla is a pre-Columbine technology that over the years has developed and changed form, its composition is closely linked to the atmospheric and geographical conditions of the place where it is installed; the principles are based on the biomimetic architecture, in particular the surface quality of animals and plants, most of which are present in desert conditions, which are able to condense the humid air and thus obtain the water for their sustenance. Identified the atrapaniebla, ephemeral architecture, as a possible resilient response to the water issue, will be studied ultralight weight systems in particular the fabric tensile structures, principles on which this architecture is based. Moreover the history and therefore the evolution of this instrument will be analyzed with various case studies and finally will be deepened its technology“standard” and the biomimetic aspects for the innovation of materials and structure. Finally, the meteorological data of the city of Milan’s air temperature, relative humidity and precipitation will be examined and these data will be processed, to check, at least theoretically, whether and how much water is possible to condense from Milan air. According to these data, a meta project will be developed, linking the climatic characteristics of the site and the experimental research of the structure, designing a model that meets the needs of the osasi de niebla and therefore can be applied in both hemispheres.
La seguente tesi é frutto di un percorso di Doppia Laurea che ha avuto come primo risultato la laurea magistrale ottenuta presso la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile in Architettura de Paesaggio, tesi discussa a Gennaio 2019 ed oggi si ripropone con un nuovo sviluppo progettuale. I cambiamenti climatici sono l’emergenza del XXI secolo, come afferma Sandro Fuzzi, tra questi la questione idrica in primis, non solo per i paesi in via di sviluppo, ma anche per l’Italia, hotspot climatico come riporta l’Agenzia Europea per l’Ambiente (EEA, 2012). Secondo questa premessa la relazione si propone lo scopo di analizzare alcune tecnologie per far fronte alla siccità, utilizzate in vari ambiti per successivamente verificare se sono applicabili anche nel contesto italiano. Le aree di studio corrispondono a Chañaral (Cile) e Milano (Italia): le due città appartengono a regioni climatiche completamente diverse, una estremamente arida e l’altra mediterranea, ma entrambe sono soggette a intense nebbie soprattutto nel periodo invernale, fenomeni che peró possiedono caratteristiche molto differenti tra loro nei due continenti. In questa tesi verrà presa in esame la città italiana. Mentre in Cile, la ricerca ed il progetto si sono sviluppati grazie alle sperimentazioni esistenti riguardanti la nebbia; in Italia, non avendo indagini a cui fare riferimento, la tesi si basa su delle analisi di dati climatici relativi alla rugiada, in quest’ultimo caso, rimangono comunque risultati a livello teorico. Lo strumento adottato anticamente ma che negli ultimi anni è stato rivalutato è l’atrapaniebla, architettura effimera che riesce a catturare l’acqua dall’aria, in forma di nebbia. L’atrapaniebla è una tecnologia precolombina che nel corso degli anni si è sviluppata ed ha cambiato forma, la sua composizione è strettamente legata alle condizioni atmosferiche e geografiche del luogo dove viene installata; i principi si basano sull’architettura biomimetica, in particolare sulle qulitá superficiali di animali e piante, la maggior parte presenti in condizioni desertiche, i quali sono in grado di condensare l’aria umida ed ottenere quindi l’acqua per il loro sostentamento. Individuato l’atrapaniebla, architettura effimera, come possibile risposta resiliente alla questione idrica, verranno studiati gli ultralight weight systems in particolar modo le tensostrutture tessili, principi su cui si basa quest’architettura. Inoltre verrà analizzata la storia e quindi l’evoluzione di questo strumento con vari casi studio e finalmente verrà approfondita la sua tecnologia “standard” e gli aspetti biomimetici per l’innovazione dei materiali e della struttura. Infine verranno presi in esame i dati metereologici di Temperatura dell’aria, Umidità relativa e Precipitazioni della cittá di Milano e tali dati dati verranno elaborati, per verificare, almeno a livello teorico se e quanta acqua è possibile condensare dall’aria milanese. Secondo questi dati verrà sviluppato un meta·progetto, che metta in relazione le caratteristiche climatiche del luogo e la ricerca sperimentale della struttura, progettando un modello che risponda alle esigenze delle osasi de niebla e quindi possa essere applicato in entrambi gli emisferi.
Rete da rugiada. Nuove tecnologie per l’approvvigionamento di acqua a partire dalla nebbia nel contesto metropolitano milanese
di BITONTO, MARIA GIOVANNA
2018/2019
Abstract
The following thesis is the result of a course of Double Degree which had as its first result the master’s degree obtained at the Pontificia Universidad católica de chile in Landscape Architecture, thesis discussed in January 2019 and today is proposed with a new design development. Climate change is the 21st century emergency, as Sandro Fuzzi says, including the water issue in the first place, not only for developing countries, but also for Italy, climate hotspot as reported by the European Environment Agency (EEA, 2012). According to this premise, the purpose of the report is to analyse certain technologies for dealing with drought, which are used in various areas to verify whether they are also applicable in the Italian context. The study areas correspond to chañaral (Chile) and Milan (Italy): the two cities belong to completely different climatic regions, one extremely arid and the other Mediterranean, but both are subject to intense fog especially during the winter period, but these phenomena have very different characteristics in both continents. In this thesis will be examined the Italian city. While in Chile, the research and the project have developed thanks to the existing experiments concerning fog; in Italy, having no surveys to refer to, the thesis is based on climate data analysis related to dew, In the latter case, however, results remain at the theoretical level. The instrument adopted in ancient times but which in recent years has been re-evaluated is the atrapaniebla, an ephemeral architecture that manages to capture the water from the air, in the form of fog. The atrapaniebla is a pre-Columbine technology that over the years has developed and changed form, its composition is closely linked to the atmospheric and geographical conditions of the place where it is installed; the principles are based on the biomimetic architecture, in particular the surface quality of animals and plants, most of which are present in desert conditions, which are able to condense the humid air and thus obtain the water for their sustenance. Identified the atrapaniebla, ephemeral architecture, as a possible resilient response to the water issue, will be studied ultralight weight systems in particular the fabric tensile structures, principles on which this architecture is based. Moreover the history and therefore the evolution of this instrument will be analyzed with various case studies and finally will be deepened its technology“standard” and the biomimetic aspects for the innovation of materials and structure. Finally, the meteorological data of the city of Milan’s air temperature, relative humidity and precipitation will be examined and these data will be processed, to check, at least theoretically, whether and how much water is possible to condense from Milan air. According to these data, a meta project will be developed, linking the climatic characteristics of the site and the experimental research of the structure, designing a model that meets the needs of the osasi de niebla and therefore can be applied in both hemispheres.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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RETE DA RUGIADA tesi.pdf
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Descrizione: Testo della tesi
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/149770