The work deals with Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and it starts with a quantitative overview about disasters, both natural and human-made, occurred in 2018. Then the topic of DRM is introduced with respect to the objective of the reduction of damages to build and social assets. In this framework, the concept of resilience has a predominant role, it implies that after the occurrence of a disaster, a system has the capacity to recover from the damages occurred. At the same time, this topic is widening to new concepts like antifragility. Therefore, studying Nassim Nicholas Taleb (2012), the Triad is presented; it shows the fragility, resilience, robustness and antifragility’s outcomes in response to unexpected phenomena. So, a taxonomy concerning the existing literature is developed. It crosses three levels of analysis (built environment, city and building) with the Triad’s elements (robustness, resilience and antifragility) that provide positive or indifferent outcomes when subjected to hazardous events. What emerged is that the concept of resilience is a keyword and its application at the building level is the less studied one. A classification about the main research lines of resilience at building level is therefore performed, obtaining that the subject of building rating system is under development because there are not established tool to evaluate resilience of buildings in a comprehensive way. Therefore, the thesis has the objective to provide a tool able to assess resilience’s performances of buildings in order to face disaster events. So, the Building Resilience Rating System has been developed defining 9 main dimensions. The scores are given according to a detailed set of guidelines and the foreseen weighting scheme is based on a hierarchical system of priority levels obtained by means of the Analytical Hierarchy Process. To tend to antifragility, it has been necessary to consider all the risk sources, within the rating, both natural and human-made ones, to be not fragile in front of unexpected phenomena. The work has combined a theoretical analysis with an experimental one, testing the Building Resilience Rating System on two existing buildings in order to have two models that can prove the solidity and applicability of the system. The two buildings are shopping centers for which the Global Resilience Score has been calculated. The work ends with a SWOT analysis which highlights the crucial points of the Building Resilience Rating System.
Il lavoro tratta il tema del Disaster Risk Management (DRM) ed inizia con una panoramica quantitative inerente i disastri, sia naturali che causati dall’uomo, avvenuti nel 2018. Successivamente, l’argomento è stato introdotto rispetto all’obiettivo della riduzione dei danni causati al patrimonio costruito e sociale. All’interno di questo contesto, il concetto di resilienza ha un ruolo predominante, esso implica che a seguito dell’avvenimento di un disastro, un sistema abbia la capacità di recuperare dai danni sofferti. Questo argomento si sta aprendo a nuovi concetti come quello dell’antifragilità. Perciò, studiando Nassim Nicholas Taleb (2012), viene presentata la Triade, essa presenta il comportamento che sistemi fragili, resilienti, robusti ed antifragili hanno in risposta ad eventi inaspettati. Quindi, è stata prodotta una classificazione della letteratura esistente. Essa incrocia tre livelli di analisi (ambiente costruito, città, edificio) con i tre elementi della Triade (robustezza, resilienza ed antifragilità) che hanno comportamenti positivi o indifferenti quando soggetti a eventi rischiosi. È emerso che il concetto di resilienza è una parola chiave e che la sua applicazione al livello dell’edificio è la meno studiata. Di conseguenza è stata fatta una classificazione dei principali filoni di ricerca in merito alla resilienza applicata a livello dell’edificio, ottenendo il tema dei rating system è sottosviluppato perché non ci sono strumenti affermati per valutare la resilienza degli edifici a tutto tondo. Perciò, la tesi ha l’obiettivo di fornire uno strumento in grado di misurare le performance di resilienza degli edifici in modo da poter affrontare eventi disastrosi. Quindi è stato sviluppato il Building Resilience Rating System, definendo 9 dimensioni principali. I punteggi vengono assegnati seguendo delle dettagliate linee guida e il metodo dei pesi è basato su un sistema gerarchico dei livelli di priorità ottenuto attraverso l’uso dell’Analytical Hierarchy Process. Per tendere all’antifragilità, è stato necessario considerare tutte le fonti di rischio, sia naturali che umane, all’interno del rating, al fine di non essere fragili di fronte a fenomeni inaspettati. Il lavoro ha coniugato un’analisi teorica con una sperimentale, testando il Building Resilience Rating System su due centri commerciali esistenti in modo da avere due modelli che possano provare la sua solidità ed applicabilità, per i quali si è calcolato il Global Resilience Score. Il lavoro si conclude con un’analisi SWOT che mette in risalto i punti cruciali del sistema di rating per valutare a resilienza degli edifici.
Disaster Risk Management: a proposal for a rating system to assess resilience of buildings
NICOLINI, FABIO;SENZIANI, BEATRICE
2018/2019
Abstract
The work deals with Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and it starts with a quantitative overview about disasters, both natural and human-made, occurred in 2018. Then the topic of DRM is introduced with respect to the objective of the reduction of damages to build and social assets. In this framework, the concept of resilience has a predominant role, it implies that after the occurrence of a disaster, a system has the capacity to recover from the damages occurred. At the same time, this topic is widening to new concepts like antifragility. Therefore, studying Nassim Nicholas Taleb (2012), the Triad is presented; it shows the fragility, resilience, robustness and antifragility’s outcomes in response to unexpected phenomena. So, a taxonomy concerning the existing literature is developed. It crosses three levels of analysis (built environment, city and building) with the Triad’s elements (robustness, resilience and antifragility) that provide positive or indifferent outcomes when subjected to hazardous events. What emerged is that the concept of resilience is a keyword and its application at the building level is the less studied one. A classification about the main research lines of resilience at building level is therefore performed, obtaining that the subject of building rating system is under development because there are not established tool to evaluate resilience of buildings in a comprehensive way. Therefore, the thesis has the objective to provide a tool able to assess resilience’s performances of buildings in order to face disaster events. So, the Building Resilience Rating System has been developed defining 9 main dimensions. The scores are given according to a detailed set of guidelines and the foreseen weighting scheme is based on a hierarchical system of priority levels obtained by means of the Analytical Hierarchy Process. To tend to antifragility, it has been necessary to consider all the risk sources, within the rating, both natural and human-made ones, to be not fragile in front of unexpected phenomena. The work has combined a theoretical analysis with an experimental one, testing the Building Resilience Rating System on two existing buildings in order to have two models that can prove the solidity and applicability of the system. The two buildings are shopping centers for which the Global Resilience Score has been calculated. The work ends with a SWOT analysis which highlights the crucial points of the Building Resilience Rating System.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2019_10_Senziani_Nicolini.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/149779