Positron Emission Tomography - Computed Tomography, better known as PET-CT, is a hybrid diagnostic imaging method, which combines the functional information obtained from PET with the anatomical map provided by CT. This technology is adopted in many fields of modern medicine because it allows studying accurately tumors, brain degenerative pathologies, inflammatory and infectious pathologies, contributing with other radiological technologies to management of patients suffering from ischemic heart disease. As for all exams in Nuclear Medicine, a weakly radioactive radiopharmaceutical is injected intravenously and it tends to concentrate specifically in the site where there is a pathological increase in cellular metabolism. PET-CT records the radiations emitted by the radiopharmaceutical and transforms them into images that describe the functional processes within the patient's body. The present work was performed during the internship at the Papa Giovanni XXIII hospital in Bergamo, in collaboration with the U.O.C. Clinical Engineering. The purpose of the experience was to monitor and document all the phases regarding the installation and testing of a latest-generation PET-CT, produced by Siemens. In the first part of this work, the purchase process is described: even if it took place in the previous months, but it has been mentioned daily during the installation and testing phases. Thanks to the funds provided by the Lombardy Region, the new technology was purchased through a tender entirely managed by ARCA (Central Purchasing Regional Company) and won by Siemens Healthcare srl. The awarding was made by an open tender procedure to the most economically advantageous offer, considering technical / qualitative and economic elements for the scoring of the different competitors offers. The complexity of the technology required installation time of around 30 days. Therefore, a mobile PET-CT unit was hired in order to avoid the interruption of medical services in Nuclear Medicine. It was positioned near the First Aid and exams were regularly performed there during the period of machine downtown. Due to the fact that the new PET-CT Biograph mCT Flow and the previous Biograph 6 were nearly analogous, significant mechanical and electrical works were not necessary. At the end of activities of adaptation, Siemens Healthcare srl released successfully the Mechanical Installation Certificate. Then the test procedure was carried out in order to evaluate system performance and image quality in respect to the norm and / or to what declared by the vendor. The UU.OO.CC. Technical Office, Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering were respectively responsible for the verification of the correct plant system upgrades performed by Siemens, the quality assurance and the acceptance tests. After the successful outcome of these tests and an appropriate period of training, the suitability for clinical use was established by Director of U.O.C. Nuclear Medicine then the PET-CT tomography was delivered to the ward.
La Tomografia ad Emissione di Positroni associata alla Tomografia Computerizzata, nota come PET-CT, è una metodica ibrida di diagnostica per immagini che combina le informazioni funzionali ottenute dalla PET con la mappa anatomica fornita dalla TC. Questa tecnologia è utilizzata in numerosi campi della moderna medicina perché permette di studiare in modo accurato tumori, patologie degenerative cerebrali, patologie flogistiche ed infettive nonché contribuire con altre tecnologie radiologiche alla gestione del paziente affetto da cardiopatia ischemica. Come per tutte le prestazioni in Medicina Nucleare, viene iniettato per via endovenosa un radiofarmaco, debolmente radioattivo, che tende a concentrarsi in modo specifico nella sede dove vi è un patologico incremento del metabolismo cellulare emettendo positroni. L’apparecchiatura registra le radiazioni emesse e le trasforma in immagini che descrivono i processi funzionali all’interno del corpo del paziente. Il presente elaborato di tesi è frutto del tirocinio svolto presso l’ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII di Bergamo, in collaborazione con l’U.O.C. Ingegneria Clinica. Lo scopo dell’esperienza è stato quello di monitorare e documentare tutte le fasi relative all’installazione e collaudo di una PET-CT di ultima generazione, prodotta da Siemens. Nella prima parte dell’elaborato si descrive il processo d’acquisto, avvenuto nei mesi precedenti, ma il cui rimando è stato quotidiano per il contradditorio con il fornitore nelle fasi di installazione e collaudo della nuova apparecchiatura. Grazie ai fondi elargiti da Regione Lombardia, è stato possibile acquistare la nuova tecnologia tramite una gara d’appalto interamente gestita da ARCA (Agenzia Regionale Centrale Acquisti S.p.A), che ha designato come concorrente vincitore Siemens Healthcare srl. L’aggiudicazione è avvenuta mediante procedura aperta a favore dell’offerta economicamente più vantaggiosa, considerando per l’attribuzione dei punteggi alle offerte dei vari concorrenti elementi tecnico/qualitativi ed economici. La complessità della tecnologia ha richiesto dei tempi di installazione di circa 30 giorni e pertanto per non interrompere le prestazioni in Medicina Nucleare, è stato previsto il noleggio di una unità mobile PET-CT, posizionata vicino al Pronto Soccorso, sulla quale sono stati regolarmente erogati gli esami nel periodo di fermo della macchina da sostituire. Per quanto concerne l’installazione della nuova PET-CT non sono state necessarie ingenti opere edili, di impiantistica meccanica ed elettrica, in quanto vi era una quasi analogia per funzione e costruttore tra la nuova apparecchiatura Biograph mCT Flow e la precedente Biograph 6. Al termine dei lavori, è stato rilasciato con successo il Certificato di installazione meccanica da Siemens Healthcare srl con esito positivo. Prima della messa in servizio dell’apparecchiatura è stata eseguita la procedura di collaudo allo scopo di valutare le prestazioni del sistema e la qualità d’immagine onde verificare la rispondenza a quanto previsto dalle norme e/o dichiarato dal fornitore. Le UU.OO.CC. Ufficio Tecnico, Fisica Sanitaria e Ingegneria Clinica si sono occupate rispettivamente delle verifica dell’adeguamento impiantistico della sala da parte di Siemens, dei controlli di qualità dell’immagine del tomografo e delle prove di accettazione. A seguito dell’esito positivo di tali test, e dopo un adeguato periodo di formazione, è stata dichiarata la messa in servizio della tomografo PET-CT e l’idoneità all’uso clinico da parte del Direttore dell’U.O.C. Medicina Nucleare.
Installazione di un sistema PET-CT presso l'ASST PG-23 di Bergamo : il contributo dell'ingegnere clinico
PEVERATA, ALICE
2018/2019
Abstract
Positron Emission Tomography - Computed Tomography, better known as PET-CT, is a hybrid diagnostic imaging method, which combines the functional information obtained from PET with the anatomical map provided by CT. This technology is adopted in many fields of modern medicine because it allows studying accurately tumors, brain degenerative pathologies, inflammatory and infectious pathologies, contributing with other radiological technologies to management of patients suffering from ischemic heart disease. As for all exams in Nuclear Medicine, a weakly radioactive radiopharmaceutical is injected intravenously and it tends to concentrate specifically in the site where there is a pathological increase in cellular metabolism. PET-CT records the radiations emitted by the radiopharmaceutical and transforms them into images that describe the functional processes within the patient's body. The present work was performed during the internship at the Papa Giovanni XXIII hospital in Bergamo, in collaboration with the U.O.C. Clinical Engineering. The purpose of the experience was to monitor and document all the phases regarding the installation and testing of a latest-generation PET-CT, produced by Siemens. In the first part of this work, the purchase process is described: even if it took place in the previous months, but it has been mentioned daily during the installation and testing phases. Thanks to the funds provided by the Lombardy Region, the new technology was purchased through a tender entirely managed by ARCA (Central Purchasing Regional Company) and won by Siemens Healthcare srl. The awarding was made by an open tender procedure to the most economically advantageous offer, considering technical / qualitative and economic elements for the scoring of the different competitors offers. The complexity of the technology required installation time of around 30 days. Therefore, a mobile PET-CT unit was hired in order to avoid the interruption of medical services in Nuclear Medicine. It was positioned near the First Aid and exams were regularly performed there during the period of machine downtown. Due to the fact that the new PET-CT Biograph mCT Flow and the previous Biograph 6 were nearly analogous, significant mechanical and electrical works were not necessary. At the end of activities of adaptation, Siemens Healthcare srl released successfully the Mechanical Installation Certificate. Then the test procedure was carried out in order to evaluate system performance and image quality in respect to the norm and / or to what declared by the vendor. The UU.OO.CC. Technical Office, Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering were respectively responsible for the verification of the correct plant system upgrades performed by Siemens, the quality assurance and the acceptance tests. After the successful outcome of these tests and an appropriate period of training, the suitability for clinical use was established by Director of U.O.C. Nuclear Medicine then the PET-CT tomography was delivered to the ward.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: Installazione di un sistema PET-CT presso l’ASST PG-23 di Bergamo: il contributo dell’ingegnere clinico
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/150125