In this work, assessments were carried out on the safety of members of the panel for olfactometric analysis of refinery emissions. In these samples, several volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are present and they are potentially harmful to human health, because they are directly inhaled by the examiners during analysis. Through the study carried out on literature data relating to the global refining scenario, an attempt was made to establish a generalized pattern of emissions from refinery plants, with the aim of finding a correlation between the size of a refinery and its emissions quantity. A general trend in emissions from refinery plants was established, showing a proportional trend in emissions, which grow linearly with the size of the refinery. Thanks to the chemical analysis conducted at the Laboratorio Olfattometrico, performed on samples taken at an Italian refinery, it is possible to evaluate the identification and quantification of chemical compounds and to compare their concentrations in samples with the respective Threshold Limit Lalues, TLV. This combined study, supplied a dilution factor to apply to the samples during the olfactometric analysis. This must be precautionary to allow the performance of a entire analysis without the level of pollutants exceeding the ratio and the risk index (Hazard Quotient, HQ and Hazard Index, HI) relating to each component detected during the laboratory analysis and to each sample analyzed. A dilution factor of 200 was therefore determined for samples from the refinery, and specifically 250 for chimney-related emissions.
In questo lavoro si è valutata la sicurezza per gli esaminatori membri di un panel coinvolti in analisi olfattometriche di emissioni di raffineria, al cui interno sono presenti composti organici volatili (COV) potenzialmente dannosi per la salute umana, che vengono direttamente inalati dai valutatori durante le analisi. Il problema è stato affrontato sia da un punto di vista teorico, sia pratico su un impianto case study. Attraverso lo studio dei dati di letteratura relativi al panorama di raffinazione globale si è stabilito un andamento generalizzato delle emissioni provenienti dagli impianti di raffinazione, riuscendo ad evidenziare un andamento proporzionale delle emissioni, che crescono linearmente al crescere della taglia della raffineria. Presso il Laboratorio olfattometrico, sono state condotte analisi chimiche mediante gas cromatografia-spettrometria di massa sui campioni prelevati presso una raffineria italiana al fine di valutare la composizione delle emissioni, in termini qualitativi e quantitativi. Ciò ha permesso di identificare potenziali sostanze pericolose per la salute umana confrontandole successivamente con i rispettivi valori limite di soglia, TLV (Treshold Limit Values). Da questo studio combinato si è ricercato un fattore di diluizione da applicare ai campioni durante le analisi olfattometriche, che deve essere sufficientemente cautelativo da consentire lo svolgimento di un’intera analisi senza che il livello di inquinanti ecceda il rapporto e l’indice di rischio (Hazard Quotient, HQ ed Hazard Index, HI) relativi ad ogni componente rilevato durante le analisi chimiche e ad ogni campione analizzato. Si è dunque determinato un fattore di diluizione pari a 200 per i campioni provenienti da raffineria, e nello specifico di 250 per le emissioni relative ai camini.
Sicurezza occupazionale per esaminatori di emissioni odorigene di raffineria
ROVEDA, LUCA
2018/2019
Abstract
In this work, assessments were carried out on the safety of members of the panel for olfactometric analysis of refinery emissions. In these samples, several volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are present and they are potentially harmful to human health, because they are directly inhaled by the examiners during analysis. Through the study carried out on literature data relating to the global refining scenario, an attempt was made to establish a generalized pattern of emissions from refinery plants, with the aim of finding a correlation between the size of a refinery and its emissions quantity. A general trend in emissions from refinery plants was established, showing a proportional trend in emissions, which grow linearly with the size of the refinery. Thanks to the chemical analysis conducted at the Laboratorio Olfattometrico, performed on samples taken at an Italian refinery, it is possible to evaluate the identification and quantification of chemical compounds and to compare their concentrations in samples with the respective Threshold Limit Lalues, TLV. This combined study, supplied a dilution factor to apply to the samples during the olfactometric analysis. This must be precautionary to allow the performance of a entire analysis without the level of pollutants exceeding the ratio and the risk index (Hazard Quotient, HQ and Hazard Index, HI) relating to each component detected during the laboratory analysis and to each sample analyzed. A dilution factor of 200 was therefore determined for samples from the refinery, and specifically 250 for chimney-related emissions.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/150176