Over the years, the connotations attributed to the mountain refuge have been numerous: ideas, thoughts and ways of experiencing the building that differ both in substance and in the public that interprets them. We have the excursionist theme, with the mountaineers who for almost two centuries have interpreted it as a springboard for ascents at altitude or as a shelter in case of need. The historical context that treats the shelter as a shelter outpost, in times when the mountain was inhabited only as a strategic point for crossings during the war. Finally, the constructive sphere, with the architects who have generally seen the shelter as too essential and primitive, without ever trying to go beyond the technicalities of the case related to tradition and conceptual character. Instead, we discover that the extraordinary interest of shelters, or bivouacs, or high-altitude huts, where the creativity of designers is not measured by tradition or by the aesthetic, as with the need to host fragile people, sometimes by the hundreds, in the least habitable places in Europe. The design of a high-altitude shelter has been and remains a clear challenge to the intelligence and creativity of architects and engineers, who must cope with a building that is strictly and necessarily related to the environment that surrounds it. Our "challenge" sees the object of the Vioz Refuge, the highest in the Eastern Alps, located on a small rocky plain at an altitude of 3535 meters, at the foot of the ridge that leads to the panoramic summit of the homonymous mountain, within the national Stelvio Park in the Ortles-Cevedale group in the upper Val di Peio. The project sees a complete "stripping" of the garments of the shelter, which presents the decaying roof due to the poor laying of the galvanized copper sheet, and a low energy and insulation level of the walls on the ground floor. Through the BIM technology, used to better manage the construction of the project in a hostile climate that sees the prefabricated as the most effective solution at the ergonomic level, an attempt was made to upgrade the entire building, increasing living comfort and quality of stay for tourists and mountaineers. The expansion of some areas of the shelter was accompanied by geotechnical studies on the area and by verifications of the structure coherently with the new loads adopted, a summary estimate for the new stratigraphies used and a focus on the technology adopted.
Sono state numerose nel corso degli anni le connotazioni attribuite al rifugio di montagna: idee, pensieri e modi di vivere l’edificio che si differenziano sia nella sostanza che nel pubblico che le interpreta. Abbiamo l’ambito escursionistico, con gli alpinisti che da quasi due secoli lo interpretano come trampolino per le ascensioni in quota o come ricovero in caso di necessità. L’ambito storico che tratta il rifugio come avamposto di riparo, in tempi in cui la montagna veniva abitata solamente come punto strategico per traversate durante la guerra. L’ambito costruttivo infine, con gli architetti che hanno generalmente visto nel rifugio una costruzione troppo essenziale e primitiva, senza mai cercare di spingersi oltre i tecnicismi del caso legati a tradizione e carattere concettuale. Scopriamo invece che proprio nella semplicità non voluta dai costruttori ma imposta dalle rigidità ambientali, sta lo straordinario interesse dei rifugi, o bivacchi, o capanne d’alta quota, dove l’estro dei progettisti non si misura tanto con la tradizione o con l’estetica, quanto con la necessità di ospitare delle persone fragili, a volte a centinaia, nei luoghi meno abitabili d’Europa. La progettazione di un rifugio d’alta quota è stata e resta una sfida evidente all’intelligenza e alla creatività degli architetti e degli ingegneri, che devono far fronte a un edificio strettamente e necessariamente correlato all’ambiente che lo circonda. La nostra “sfida” vede come oggetto il Rifugio Vioz, il più alto delle Alpi Orientali, posto su un piccolo piano roccioso a quota 3535 metri, ai piedi della cresta che conduce alla panoramica vetta del’omonimo monte, all’interno del parco nazionale dello Stelvio nel gruppo Ortles Cevedale in alta val di Peio. Il progetto vede una completa “spogliatura” delle vesti del rifugio, che presenta la copertura in degrado per la cattiva posa della lamiera zincata in rame, e un basso livello energetico e isolante dei muri al piano terreno. Tramite la tecnologia BIM, utilizzata nell’ottica di gestire al meglio la cantierabilità del progetto in un clima ostile che vede nel prefabbricato la soluzione più efficace a livello ergotecnico, si è cercato di riqualificare l’intero immobile, aumentando il comfort di vita e la qualità del soggiorno di turisti e alpinisti. L’espansione di alcune aree del rifugio è stata accompagnata da studi geotecnici sull’area e da verifiche della struttura coerentemente coi nuovi carichi adottati, una stima sommaria per le nuove stratigrafie utilizzate e un focus sulla tecnologia adottata.
Rifugio Vioz. Riqualificazione e ampliamento di un rifugio a 3535 m
ROTTA, SIMONE;SALVI, MAURO
2018/2019
Abstract
Over the years, the connotations attributed to the mountain refuge have been numerous: ideas, thoughts and ways of experiencing the building that differ both in substance and in the public that interprets them. We have the excursionist theme, with the mountaineers who for almost two centuries have interpreted it as a springboard for ascents at altitude or as a shelter in case of need. The historical context that treats the shelter as a shelter outpost, in times when the mountain was inhabited only as a strategic point for crossings during the war. Finally, the constructive sphere, with the architects who have generally seen the shelter as too essential and primitive, without ever trying to go beyond the technicalities of the case related to tradition and conceptual character. Instead, we discover that the extraordinary interest of shelters, or bivouacs, or high-altitude huts, where the creativity of designers is not measured by tradition or by the aesthetic, as with the need to host fragile people, sometimes by the hundreds, in the least habitable places in Europe. The design of a high-altitude shelter has been and remains a clear challenge to the intelligence and creativity of architects and engineers, who must cope with a building that is strictly and necessarily related to the environment that surrounds it. Our "challenge" sees the object of the Vioz Refuge, the highest in the Eastern Alps, located on a small rocky plain at an altitude of 3535 meters, at the foot of the ridge that leads to the panoramic summit of the homonymous mountain, within the national Stelvio Park in the Ortles-Cevedale group in the upper Val di Peio. The project sees a complete "stripping" of the garments of the shelter, which presents the decaying roof due to the poor laying of the galvanized copper sheet, and a low energy and insulation level of the walls on the ground floor. Through the BIM technology, used to better manage the construction of the project in a hostile climate that sees the prefabricated as the most effective solution at the ergonomic level, an attempt was made to upgrade the entire building, increasing living comfort and quality of stay for tourists and mountaineers. The expansion of some areas of the shelter was accompanied by geotechnical studies on the area and by verifications of the structure coherently with the new loads adopted, a summary estimate for the new stratigraphies used and a focus on the technology adopted.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/150403