Nowadays electrical sliding contacts are employed in many fields of application thanks to their capability to transfer power and signal form a static to a dynamic component. This thesis work is part of a wider research on new materials for slip ring aiming to the study of composite materials made of copper and solid lubricant. The project starts from the powder preparation and going through the samples production, it concludes with the characterization of the composite materials. Granulometry and thermogravimetric tests were carried out to evaluate the powder size distribution after ball-milling process at different time and the degradation of the materials with the temperature. Tablets are produced by cold pressing and sintering processes. SEM and XRD analysis give an image of the morphology of the material and the presence of compounds. Through resistance analysis and micro-scratch test, the electrical and mechanical properties, as resistivity, scratch hardness, coefficient of friction and elastic recovery, of the samples were investigated. Two copper powders, one atomised (Pometon) and one dendritic (Makin), were analysed according to different milling time, 1-48 hours. Then, composite materials made of copper and 5%-10% in weight of graphene nanoplatelets were produced using two different techniques: with a direct ball-milling or with a previous suspension preparation. It results that the composite material with Makin as matrix shows better tribological and mechanical properties. Better results also were found for the direct ball-milling process. This leads to the use of Makin powder and direct ball-milling preparation to produce molybdenum disulfide (5%-30%) samples. Better results were obtained with the intermediate concentration of 15% in weight of MoS2. In order to evaluate the effect of a second thermo-mechanical treatment, tablets with 5% and 30% of MoS2 were subjected to a second cold pressing and sintering process. In both cases, a second treatment improves both electrical and mechanical properties. Composites material with 30% of MoS2 showed better results under a mechanical point of view but at the same time a worse electrical resistivity.
I contatti elettrici striscianti trovano impiego in molti campi grazie alla loro capacità di trasferire potenza e segnali da un componente statico a uno dinamico. Questo lavoro di tesi rientra all’interno di una ricerca più ampia volta a individuare nuovi materiali per slip ring analizzando in particolare materiali compositi a base di rame e lubrificanti solidi. Il progetto parte dalla preparazione delle polveri e, passando per la produzione dei campioni, si conclude con la caratterizzazione dei materiali compositi. Test di granulometria e termogravimetrie sono stati effettuati per valutare la distribuzione dimensionale delle polveri dopo il processo di ball-milling eseguito a diversi tempi di macinazione e la degradazione dei materiali con la temperatura. Le pastiglie sono state prodotte tramite pressatura a freddo e sinterizzazione. Le analisi SEM e XRD offrono un’immagine della morfologia del materiale e della presenza di composti. Attraverso l’analisi della resistenza e i micro-scratch test, sono state investigate le proprietà elettriche e meccaniche, come resistività, durezza di scratch, coefficiente di attrito e recupero elastico. Due polveri di rame, una atomizzata (Pometon) a una dendritica (Makin), sono state analizzate secondo diversi tempi di macinazione, 1-48 ore. Sono stati prodotti materiali compositi a base di rame e 5%-10% in peso di nanoplatelets di grafene, utilizzando due diverse tecniche: direttamente con ball-milling o con una preparazione di una sospensione. I risultati migliori si sono ottenuti per il materiale composito con matrice Makin e la preparazione direttamente con ball-milling. Per questo motivo i campioni con disolfuro di molibdeno (5%-30%) sono stati preparati utilizzando la polvere Makin e ball-milling diretto. I risultati migliori sono stati ottenuti con una concentrazione intermedia del 15% in peso di MoS2. Con lo scopo di valutare l’effetto di un secondo trattamento termo-meccanico, le pastiglie con 5% e 30% di MoS2 sono state sottoposte a una seconda pressatura e sinterizzazione. In entrambi i casi, il secondo trattamento migliora sia le proprietà elettriche che quelle meccaniche. I materiali compositi con 30% di MoS2 mostrano migliori risultati dal punto di vista meccanico ma allo stesso tempo valori peggiori di resistività.
Studt of the effects of different sold lubricants on tribological and electrical properties of copper-based composites for aerospace applications
DOMENICHETTI, ANDREA MARIA
2018/2019
Abstract
Nowadays electrical sliding contacts are employed in many fields of application thanks to their capability to transfer power and signal form a static to a dynamic component. This thesis work is part of a wider research on new materials for slip ring aiming to the study of composite materials made of copper and solid lubricant. The project starts from the powder preparation and going through the samples production, it concludes with the characterization of the composite materials. Granulometry and thermogravimetric tests were carried out to evaluate the powder size distribution after ball-milling process at different time and the degradation of the materials with the temperature. Tablets are produced by cold pressing and sintering processes. SEM and XRD analysis give an image of the morphology of the material and the presence of compounds. Through resistance analysis and micro-scratch test, the electrical and mechanical properties, as resistivity, scratch hardness, coefficient of friction and elastic recovery, of the samples were investigated. Two copper powders, one atomised (Pometon) and one dendritic (Makin), were analysed according to different milling time, 1-48 hours. Then, composite materials made of copper and 5%-10% in weight of graphene nanoplatelets were produced using two different techniques: with a direct ball-milling or with a previous suspension preparation. It results that the composite material with Makin as matrix shows better tribological and mechanical properties. Better results also were found for the direct ball-milling process. This leads to the use of Makin powder and direct ball-milling preparation to produce molybdenum disulfide (5%-30%) samples. Better results were obtained with the intermediate concentration of 15% in weight of MoS2. In order to evaluate the effect of a second thermo-mechanical treatment, tablets with 5% and 30% of MoS2 were subjected to a second cold pressing and sintering process. In both cases, a second treatment improves both electrical and mechanical properties. Composites material with 30% of MoS2 showed better results under a mechanical point of view but at the same time a worse electrical resistivity.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/150499