This work suggests an innovative method to investigate the human kinematic, using inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors to analyse the physical activity in the water environment. This new system uses minimally invasive sensors that, placed on the body’s surface, are able to record continuously their orientation in the three-dimensional space. Being a preliminary study, its main purpose is to evaluate the quality of the measurements made with this method in terms of trustworthiness, reliability and repeatability of the measurements made. The issue of human kinematics has been simplified to the investigation of the knee angle’s variation along a gait task, positioning two IMU sensors on the lower limb’s segments. The validation of the proposed method is done through comparison of its measurement with the ones made with two gold standard methods commonly in use and considered excellent: optoelectronic and camera-based systems. Three trials are made, where multiple subjects repeated several times the same task, defined by a calibration portion followed by gait at a suitable speed. The measurements of the knee angle per each repetition, subject and trial are analysed depending on the purposes of the thesis. Through cross correlation, Bland Altman graphical method and coefficient of variation has been evaluated similarities of the measurement, accuracy and repeatability. The data obtained confirm quantitatively the quality of the IMU’s measurements, able to properly approximate the human kinematics. The analysis carried out confirm the reliable, good and satisfactory quality and repeatability of the measurement made through the inertial system. These, adding to the welcoming characteristics of the IMU system proposed, that we recall are manoeuvrability and comfort of the sensors, as well as its easy-to-use and interpretation of the data, allow to recognise in this measurement system of the human kinematic an efficient and effective method for the analysis of physical activity in water.
Questo studio propone un innovativo metodo di valutazione della cinematica umana, utilizzando sensori inerziali (IMU) per l’analisi dell’attività fisica in acqua. Il sistema proposto utilizza sensori minimamente invasivi, posti sulla superficie corporea, in grado di registrare continuamente il proprio orientamento nello spazio. Trattandosi di uno studio preliminare, lo scopo principale di questa tesi è la validazione della qualità della misura dei sensori proposti, in termini di affidabilità e ripetibilità dei dati raccolti. Il problema della cinematica umana è stato ridotto allo studio dell’angolo del ginocchio durante prova di cammino, posizionando due sensori IMU sui segmenti corporei dell’arto inferiore. La validazione della metodologia è stata effettuata tramite confronto con due metodi di valutazione della cinematica umana, considerati ottimi e correntemente in uso: sistema optoelettronico e di analisi di immagini. Sono stati predisposti ed effettuati tre trial, dove soggetti volontari hanno ripetuto più volte la stessa prova definita da una porzione di calibrazione, seguita dal cammino a velocità scelta dal soggetto. Le misure acquisite sono state analizzate in funzione dello scopo della tesi. Tramite cross correlazione, metodo grafico di Bland Altman e coefficiente di variazione è stato valutato il grado di somiglianza tra misurazioni, l’accuratezza e la ripetibilità delle stesse. I dati ottenuti confermano quantitativamente la qualità della misura del Sistema IMU proposto, il quale approssima in maniera eccellente la misura dell’angolo di ginocchio ed il suo Range of motion. Le analisi effettuate confermano la buona qualità e ripetibilità della misura effettuata. Questa, sommandosi alle favorevoli caratteristiche del sistema IMU proposto, quali maneggiabilità e comodità dei sensori, oltre a facile utilizzo ed interpretazione dei dati, permettono di riconoscere in questo sistema di misura della cinematica umana un possibile metodo per l’analisi dell’attività fisica in acqua.
Validation of underwater IMU sensors for rehabilitation in pool environment : investigation of knee kinematics through gait analysis
MONOLI, CECILIA
2018/2019
Abstract
This work suggests an innovative method to investigate the human kinematic, using inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors to analyse the physical activity in the water environment. This new system uses minimally invasive sensors that, placed on the body’s surface, are able to record continuously their orientation in the three-dimensional space. Being a preliminary study, its main purpose is to evaluate the quality of the measurements made with this method in terms of trustworthiness, reliability and repeatability of the measurements made. The issue of human kinematics has been simplified to the investigation of the knee angle’s variation along a gait task, positioning two IMU sensors on the lower limb’s segments. The validation of the proposed method is done through comparison of its measurement with the ones made with two gold standard methods commonly in use and considered excellent: optoelectronic and camera-based systems. Three trials are made, where multiple subjects repeated several times the same task, defined by a calibration portion followed by gait at a suitable speed. The measurements of the knee angle per each repetition, subject and trial are analysed depending on the purposes of the thesis. Through cross correlation, Bland Altman graphical method and coefficient of variation has been evaluated similarities of the measurement, accuracy and repeatability. The data obtained confirm quantitatively the quality of the IMU’s measurements, able to properly approximate the human kinematics. The analysis carried out confirm the reliable, good and satisfactory quality and repeatability of the measurement made through the inertial system. These, adding to the welcoming characteristics of the IMU system proposed, that we recall are manoeuvrability and comfort of the sensors, as well as its easy-to-use and interpretation of the data, allow to recognise in this measurement system of the human kinematic an efficient and effective method for the analysis of physical activity in water.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/150558