What is resilience? 100 Resilient Cities defines resilience as the capacity of individuals, communities, institutions, businesses, and systems within a city to survive, adapt and grow, no matter what kinds of chronic stresses and acute shocks they experience. Shocks are typically considered single event disasters, such as fires, earthquakes, and floods. Stresses are factors that pressure a city on a daily or recurring basis, such as chronic food and water shortages, an overtaxed transportation system, endemic violence or high unemployment. City resilience is about making a city better, in both good times and bad, for the benefit of all its citizens, particularly the poor and vulnerable. Urban Risk and Why are high risks concentrated in India? Urban risks are defined as natural disasters which affect a city like an earthquake, flood, etc. But, in the case of India, urban risks need to be understood in the context of all socio-economic, political and environmental processes that manifest risks in urban areas, and not simply in the context of natural hazards. 53 About 76 percent of the Indian population is exposed to high-to-medium hazard risk, of which nearly 30 percent live in the 0.1 million-plus cities including many small and medium-sized towns. One of the distinct features of the Indian economic transition has been the growth of cities that concentrate population and economic activity. Along with that is also an increasing proliferation of informal settlements that are characterized by poor access to basic services and limited employment opportunities creating systemic multidimensional vulnerabilities.53 In the case of MRC Nagar, Chennai, flooding has been the major urban risk affecting the area for over 10 years. There have been both direct and indirect factors due to which it has occurred. HYPOTHESIS To study/analyze the idea that the existing and predicted future recurring urban risks that challenges the urban infrastructure can become an aspect that can drive a place to the path of resilience. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS The concepts that were the entry point to the research have been listed below: •Urban Self - Organization •Emergent Socio-Economic Configuration •New Adaptive Approach to Governance •Recourse to reduce negative externalities of “uncertainty” Limitations: •As a parameter, resilience cannot be quantified, it is more about quality of life which cannot be measured. •Strategy fatigue/exhaustion •Intrinsically interdisciplinary - Not easy to draw a boundary around the concept of Resilience. •This study requires an acknowledgement that not every future/considered scenario is ideal (nor even possible) RESEARCH OBJECTIVE GLOBAL: Understanding the role of knowledge imports/exports between developing countries and developed countries in promoting resilience? NATIONAL: Are Contemporary cities becoming more tolerant of urban risks than resilient? CITY: Is it possible to connect the big picture with repetitive solutions for similar condition/pattern of risks? ZONE: Are the zonal regulations/policies flexible enough to allow Resilience in local conditions?
ABSTRACT Che cos'è la resilienza? 100 città resilienti definisce la resilienza come la capacità di individui, comunità, istituzioni, imprese e sistemi all'interno di una città di sopravvivere, adattarsi e crescere, indipendentemente dal tipo di stress cronico e shock acuto che subiscono. Gli shock sono generalmente considerati catastrofi per singolo evento, come incendi, terremoti e inondazioni. Le sollecitazioni sono fattori che fanno pressione su una città su base giornaliera o ricorrente, come carenza cronica di cibo e acqua, un sistema di trasporto sovraccarico, violenza endemica o alta disoccupazione. La resilienza della città consiste nel rendere migliore una città, sia nei periodi buoni che in quelli cattivi, a beneficio di tutti i suoi cittadini, in particolare i poveri e i vulnerabili. Rischio urbano e perché gli alti rischi sono concentrati in India? I rischi urbani sono definiti come catastrofi naturali che colpiscono una città come un terremoto, un'inondazione, ecc. Ma, nel caso dell'India, i rischi urbani devono essere compresi nel contesto di tutti i processi socio-economici, politici e ambientali che manifestano rischi in aree urbane e non semplicemente nel contesto di pericoli naturali. 53 Circa il 76% della popolazione indiana è esposta a un rischio medio-alto, di cui quasi il 30% vive in oltre 0,1 milioni di città, tra cui molte città di piccole e medie dimensioni. Una delle caratteristiche distintive della transizione economica indiana è stata la crescita delle città che concentrano la popolazione e l'attività economica. Insieme a ciò c'è anche una crescente proliferazione di insediamenti informali che sono caratterizzati da scarso accesso ai servizi di base e opportunità di lavoro limitate che creano vulnerabilità sistemiche multidimensionali. 53 Nel caso di MRC Nagar, Chennai, le inondazioni sono state il principale rischio urbano che ha colpito la zona per oltre 10 anni. Ci sono stati sia fattori diretti che indiretti a causa dei quali si è verificato. IPOTESI Studiare / analizzare l'idea che i rischi urbani ricorrenti esistenti e previsti che sfidano l'infrastruttura urbana possano diventare un aspetto che può guidare un luogo verso il percorso di resilienza. . CAMPO DI APPLICAZIONE E LIMITAZIONI I concetti che sono stati il punto di accesso alla ricerca sono stati elencati di seguito: • Auto-organizzazione urbana • Emergente configurazione socioeconomica • Nuovo approccio adattivo alla governance • Ricorso per ridurre le esternalità negative dell '"incertezza" limitazioni: • Come parametro, la resilienza non può essere quantificata, è più sulla qualità della vita che non può essere misurata. • Stanchezza / esaurimento della strategia • Intrinsecamente interdisciplinare - Non è facile tracciare un confine attorno al concetto di resilienza. • Questo studio richiede il riconoscimento che non tutti gli scenari futuri / considerati sono l'ideale (e nemmeno possibile) OBIETTIVO DI RICERCA GLOBALE: comprendere il ruolo delle importazioni / esportazioni di conoscenza tra paesi in via di sviluppo e paesi sviluppati nel promuovere la resilienza? NAZIONALE: Le città contemporanee stanno diventando più tolleranti ai rischi urbani che resistenti? CITY: è possibile collegare il quadro generale con soluzioni ripetitive per condizioni / schemi di rischio simili? ZONA: i regolamenti / le politiche zonali sono abbastanza flessibili da consentire la resilienza in condizioni locali?
Resilience to urban risk : a perspective of Chennai
MURALI, MAITREYI;MADHIYAZHAGAN, SARAYU
2018/2019
Abstract
What is resilience? 100 Resilient Cities defines resilience as the capacity of individuals, communities, institutions, businesses, and systems within a city to survive, adapt and grow, no matter what kinds of chronic stresses and acute shocks they experience. Shocks are typically considered single event disasters, such as fires, earthquakes, and floods. Stresses are factors that pressure a city on a daily or recurring basis, such as chronic food and water shortages, an overtaxed transportation system, endemic violence or high unemployment. City resilience is about making a city better, in both good times and bad, for the benefit of all its citizens, particularly the poor and vulnerable. Urban Risk and Why are high risks concentrated in India? Urban risks are defined as natural disasters which affect a city like an earthquake, flood, etc. But, in the case of India, urban risks need to be understood in the context of all socio-economic, political and environmental processes that manifest risks in urban areas, and not simply in the context of natural hazards. 53 About 76 percent of the Indian population is exposed to high-to-medium hazard risk, of which nearly 30 percent live in the 0.1 million-plus cities including many small and medium-sized towns. One of the distinct features of the Indian economic transition has been the growth of cities that concentrate population and economic activity. Along with that is also an increasing proliferation of informal settlements that are characterized by poor access to basic services and limited employment opportunities creating systemic multidimensional vulnerabilities.53 In the case of MRC Nagar, Chennai, flooding has been the major urban risk affecting the area for over 10 years. There have been both direct and indirect factors due to which it has occurred. HYPOTHESIS To study/analyze the idea that the existing and predicted future recurring urban risks that challenges the urban infrastructure can become an aspect that can drive a place to the path of resilience. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS The concepts that were the entry point to the research have been listed below: •Urban Self - Organization •Emergent Socio-Economic Configuration •New Adaptive Approach to Governance •Recourse to reduce negative externalities of “uncertainty” Limitations: •As a parameter, resilience cannot be quantified, it is more about quality of life which cannot be measured. •Strategy fatigue/exhaustion •Intrinsically interdisciplinary - Not easy to draw a boundary around the concept of Resilience. •This study requires an acknowledgement that not every future/considered scenario is ideal (nor even possible) RESEARCH OBJECTIVE GLOBAL: Understanding the role of knowledge imports/exports between developing countries and developed countries in promoting resilience? NATIONAL: Are Contemporary cities becoming more tolerant of urban risks than resilient? CITY: Is it possible to connect the big picture with repetitive solutions for similar condition/pattern of risks? ZONE: Are the zonal regulations/policies flexible enough to allow Resilience in local conditions?File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
2019_12_MURALI_MADHIYAZHAGAN_01.pdf
Open Access dal 10/12/2020
Descrizione: ThesisText Chapter 1-3
Dimensione
104.37 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
104.37 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
2019_12_MURALI_MADHIYAZHAGAN_02.pdf
Open Access dal 10/12/2020
Descrizione: ThesisText Chapter 4-7 and reference
Dimensione
16.9 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
16.9 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/151152