The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations estimated that one-third of the food produced for human consumption is lost or wasted globally, which represents a major loss of economic value and resources. Food is wasted along the whole supply chain, from the agricultural production down to household consumption, where the negligence of consumers also causes sizeable amounts of waste. On the other hand, consumers are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of eating habits, which has led to an increase in the demand for healthy ready-to-eat, minimally processed, and preservative-free food products. For this reason, the production of fresh-cut fruit and vegetables is constantly growing and represents a big challenge, since the shelf-life of fresh-cut fruit is usually shorter than that of the whole product. In this scenario, edible packaging has been widely studied as a method to preserve crop freshness. In the present thesis work new formulations for edible coatings with enhanced gas barrier and mechanical properties were developed. The transparency, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability of the materials have been investigated. The efficacy of the developed formulations as edible coating was tested on fresh-cut apples. The weight loss and color changes of fresh-cut apples were measured during 14 days of storage at refrigerated conditions. After 14 days of storage, apples pieces coated with the developed materials, presented significantly lower weight loss and browning with respect to uncoated controls. The results obtained demonstrated that the developed formulations are effective edible coatings and can be used in order to prolong the shelf life of fresh-cut fruit.
La Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) delle Nazioni Unite ha stimato che, a livello globale, circa un terzo del cibo prodotto viene sprecato, generando una grave perdita di risorse economiche. Il cibo viene sprecato lungo l'intera supply chain, dalla produzione agricola fino al consumo finale nelle case, dove la negligenza dei consumatori causa notevoli quantità di sprechi. D'altra parte, i consumatori stanno diventando sempre più consapevoli dell'importanza delle abitudini alimentari e ciò ha portato ad un aumento della domanda di prodotti sani, freschi, non processati e senza conservanti. Per questo motivo, la produzione di frutta e verdura fresca, già tagliata, è in costante crescita e rappresenta una grande sfida, poiché la sua durata è generalmente più breve di quella del prodotto intero. In questo contesto, i rivestimenti commestibili sono stati ampiamente studiati come metodo per preservare frutta e verdura. Nel presente lavoro di tesi sono state sviluppate nuove formulazioni per rivestimenti commestibili. La trasparenza, le proprietà meccaniche, la permeabilità al vapore acqueo e la permeabilità all'ossigeno dei materiali sono state studiate. L'efficacia come rivestimento commestibile delle formulazioni sviluppate è stata testata su mele tagliate a pezzi. La perdita di peso e le variazioni di colore delle mele appena tagliate sono state misurate durante 14 giorni di conservazione in condizioni refrigerate. Dopo 14 giorni di conservazione, i pezzi di mele rivestiti con i materiali sviluppati presentavano una perdita di peso e un cambiamento di colore significativamente inferiori rispetto alle mele non rivestite. I risultati ottenuti hanno dimostrato che le formulazioni sviluppate sono efficaci rivestimenti commestibili e possono essere utilizzate per prolungare la durata di conservazione della frutta.
Development and characterization of polymeric edible coatings for food preservation
RUGGERI, ELISABETTA
2018/2019
Abstract
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations estimated that one-third of the food produced for human consumption is lost or wasted globally, which represents a major loss of economic value and resources. Food is wasted along the whole supply chain, from the agricultural production down to household consumption, where the negligence of consumers also causes sizeable amounts of waste. On the other hand, consumers are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of eating habits, which has led to an increase in the demand for healthy ready-to-eat, minimally processed, and preservative-free food products. For this reason, the production of fresh-cut fruit and vegetables is constantly growing and represents a big challenge, since the shelf-life of fresh-cut fruit is usually shorter than that of the whole product. In this scenario, edible packaging has been widely studied as a method to preserve crop freshness. In the present thesis work new formulations for edible coatings with enhanced gas barrier and mechanical properties were developed. The transparency, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability of the materials have been investigated. The efficacy of the developed formulations as edible coating was tested on fresh-cut apples. The weight loss and color changes of fresh-cut apples were measured during 14 days of storage at refrigerated conditions. After 14 days of storage, apples pieces coated with the developed materials, presented significantly lower weight loss and browning with respect to uncoated controls. The results obtained demonstrated that the developed formulations are effective edible coatings and can be used in order to prolong the shelf life of fresh-cut fruit.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/151165