Current transformation in historic areas may lead to fragmentation of the urban landscape and dete-rioration of built heritage. There are major challenges in the protection of World Heritage Sites and for this reason, the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) es-tablished the List of World Heritage in Danger in the early years after the 1972 World Heritage Convention. The list contains the environments and areas that are threatened by serious and specific dangers or at the risk of heritage deterioration that affects their Outstanding Universal Value (OUV). This thesis studies the topic from the perspective of urban planning and governance. It uses two main case studies to see how the de-listing process works in specific situations. In the case of Dresden, the Elbe Valley was inscribed on the in-danger list in 2006 due to the construction of the Waldschlösschen Bridge on the Valley and was removed from the World Heritage List three years later. The Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City was inscribed on the in-danger list in 2012 after the elaboration of the waterfront development project.that is still under scrutiny. In these processes, there are various policies and decision-making procedures that are managed in various political arenas. This research comprises an analysis of the conflict in the core of the State Parties of Germany and the UK with UNESCO. Secondly, it focuses on the conflict that lies in the State Parties' legal context through the analysis of the impacts of the World Heritage Convention for the federal republic of Germany and the United Kingdom. Based on the analysis of decision-making levels in the Federal countries and the concentration of power at the local level, one can see the non-transposition of the World Heritage Center regulation in place. Thirdly, a review of the con-cept of the heritage buffer zone and historic landscape integration into the development projects adopted in the case studies is provided. Finally, the role of the time and money in the progress of the development projects and the decisions of the Committee was elaborated. A comparison of the two cases (before and after the danger listing and delisting) discusses the hypothesis of whether it is always beneficial to be involved in the UNESCO heritage program.
Le città si modificano in modi che possono portare alla frammentazione del paesaggio urbano e al deterioramento del patrimonio culturle. Affrontare la protezione dei siti all'interno del patrimonio mondiale richiede sforzi importanti ed è per questo motivo che nel 1972 la 'Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'Educazione, la Scienza e la Cultura (UNESCO)' ha definito la lista dei patrimoni mondiali a rischio. La lista è composta dai siti minacciati da pericoli specifici ed importanti o che corrono un rischio di compromissione del loro eminente valore universale (OUV). È il caso della valle Dresden Elbe che, nel 2006, è stata inserita nella lista dei patrimoni a rischio a causa della costruzione del ponte di Waldschloösschen, per poi venire definitivamente tolta dalla li-sta dei patrimoni mondiali tre anni dopo. La città mercantile di Liverpool nel 2012 è stata anch'essa definita a rischio dopo l'elaborazione del progetto per lo sviluppo della parte marittima, anche se at-tualmente, a differenza del primo caso, è ancora in corso l'iter di valutazione da parte dell'UNESCO. Durante simili processi decisionali riguardanti l'inserimento o la cancellazione dei siti dalla lista dei patrimoni a rischio, sono coinvolte istituzioni su più livelli. La ricerca esposta di seguito riassume l'a-nalisi del conflitto tra le istituzioni tedesche ed inglesi nei confronti dell’UNESCO. In secondo luo-go le controversie presenti all'interno del contesto delle due nazioni, è illustrato tramite l'analisi dell'impatto della 'Convenzione sul Patrimonio Mondiale' sui due paesi. A causa della presenza di molteplici livelli decisionali nei paesi federali e la concentrazione di potere a livello locale, esiste un problema di mancata ratificazione ed applicazione del regolamento UNESCO sul 'Patrimonio Mon-diale' . Inoltre, ho voluto inserire una rielaborazione del concetto di "buffer zone del patrimonio" e della integrazione del panorama storico nello sviluppo dei progetti, adottati nei casi di studio presi in considerazione. Segue una considerazione sul ruolo di tempo e risorse economiche nel corso dello sviluppo dei progetti e sulle decisioni del comitato. La tesi si conclude con la comparazione tra le due città, prima e dopo l'inserimento nella lista dei patrimoni a rischio e la definitava cancellazione dalla lista, ipotizzando infine se e in quali situazioni sia vantaggioso entrare a far parte del program-ma dei patrimoni UNESCO.
The UNESCO in-danger listing. Comprehending the situation of delisted and in-danger heritage sites. Conservation of historic urban landscape in Dresden Elbe valley and Liverpool maritime mercantile city
ASFA, ELNAZ
2018/2019
Abstract
Current transformation in historic areas may lead to fragmentation of the urban landscape and dete-rioration of built heritage. There are major challenges in the protection of World Heritage Sites and for this reason, the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) es-tablished the List of World Heritage in Danger in the early years after the 1972 World Heritage Convention. The list contains the environments and areas that are threatened by serious and specific dangers or at the risk of heritage deterioration that affects their Outstanding Universal Value (OUV). This thesis studies the topic from the perspective of urban planning and governance. It uses two main case studies to see how the de-listing process works in specific situations. In the case of Dresden, the Elbe Valley was inscribed on the in-danger list in 2006 due to the construction of the Waldschlösschen Bridge on the Valley and was removed from the World Heritage List three years later. The Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City was inscribed on the in-danger list in 2012 after the elaboration of the waterfront development project.that is still under scrutiny. In these processes, there are various policies and decision-making procedures that are managed in various political arenas. This research comprises an analysis of the conflict in the core of the State Parties of Germany and the UK with UNESCO. Secondly, it focuses on the conflict that lies in the State Parties' legal context through the analysis of the impacts of the World Heritage Convention for the federal republic of Germany and the United Kingdom. Based on the analysis of decision-making levels in the Federal countries and the concentration of power at the local level, one can see the non-transposition of the World Heritage Center regulation in place. Thirdly, a review of the con-cept of the heritage buffer zone and historic landscape integration into the development projects adopted in the case studies is provided. Finally, the role of the time and money in the progress of the development projects and the decisions of the Committee was elaborated. A comparison of the two cases (before and after the danger listing and delisting) discusses the hypothesis of whether it is always beneficial to be involved in the UNESCO heritage program.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/151187