Nowadays, the internet of things (IoT) plays an important role in the technology market. It refers to the interconnections of a large number of sensors and devices that constantly acquire, process and exchange data among them. One of the major challenges in IoT remains devices power supply. In this context, the energy harvesting from the environment has attracted a significant attention. Thanks to its potentially low production costs and mechanical flexibility, conformable organic photovoltaics (OPV) is an appealing solution of this issue. This thesis presents a novel approach for the fabrication of ultra-conformable tattoo-like OPV, using commercial tattoo paper. We studied the tattoo paper functionalization using Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and Parylene. As active layers we investigated two different bulk heterojunction blends combining poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) with Phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and Indene-C60 bisadduct (ICBA), respectively. Devices total thickness was lower than 3 µm and it can be transferred using water. Moreover, we succeeded in fabricating fully solution processes tattoo OPV. We demonstrated the OPV operation under indoor illuminance (300 lux), achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.6% and fill factor (FF) of 49% in nitrogen atmosphere. Under outdoor illuminance conditions (1 sun) the OPV obtained a PCE of 1.2% and FF of 41%. These results provided a first step toward the fabrication of fully printed and ultra-conformable tattoo solar cells. However, further studies have to be performed in order to obtain a stable and ready-to-use device.
Al giorno d’oggi, l’internet of things (IoT) gioca un ruolo importante nel mercato tecnologico. Si riferisce all’interconnessione di un grande numero di sensori e dispositivi che acquisiscono, processano e scambiano dati costantemente. L’alimentazione elettrica rimane una delle maggiori sfide nell’IoT. In questo contesto, il recupero dell’energia dall’ambiente ha attratto una significante attenzione. Grazie ai sui potenziali bassi costi di produzione e alla sua flessibilit`a, il fotovoltaico organico conformabile (OPV) `e una soluzione allettante a questo problema. Questa tesi presenta un nuovo approccio per la fabbricazione di tattoo OPV ultra-conformabili, usando carta tattoo commerciale. Abbiamo studiato la funzionalizzazione della carta tattoo usando Polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) e Parylene. Come strato attivo abbiamo investigato due differenti miscele combinando Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) con rispettivamente Phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) e Indene-C60bisadduct (ICBA). Lo spessore totale del dispositivo era minore di 3 µm e pu`o essere facilmente trasferito usando acqua. Inoltre, siamo riusciti a fabbricare dei tattoo OPV tramite esclusivamente processi in soluzione. Abbiamo dimostrato il funzionamento dei dispositivi OPV in condizioni di bassa illuminazione (300 lux), ottenendo efficienze (PCE) del 5.6% e fill factor (FF) del 49% in atmosfera di azoto. In condizioni di alta illuminazione (1 sun) i dispositivi hanno ottenuto una PCE del 1.2% e un FF del 41%. Questi risultati sono un primo passo verso la fabbricazione di celle solari tattoo ultra-conformabili e totalmente stampate. Per`o, ulteriori studi devo essere condotti al fine di ottenere un dispositivo stabile e pronto all’uso.
Towards fully printed and ultra-conformable tattoo solar cells
DALLA VEDOVA, NICHOLAS
2018/2019
Abstract
Nowadays, the internet of things (IoT) plays an important role in the technology market. It refers to the interconnections of a large number of sensors and devices that constantly acquire, process and exchange data among them. One of the major challenges in IoT remains devices power supply. In this context, the energy harvesting from the environment has attracted a significant attention. Thanks to its potentially low production costs and mechanical flexibility, conformable organic photovoltaics (OPV) is an appealing solution of this issue. This thesis presents a novel approach for the fabrication of ultra-conformable tattoo-like OPV, using commercial tattoo paper. We studied the tattoo paper functionalization using Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and Parylene. As active layers we investigated two different bulk heterojunction blends combining poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) with Phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and Indene-C60 bisadduct (ICBA), respectively. Devices total thickness was lower than 3 µm and it can be transferred using water. Moreover, we succeeded in fabricating fully solution processes tattoo OPV. We demonstrated the OPV operation under indoor illuminance (300 lux), achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.6% and fill factor (FF) of 49% in nitrogen atmosphere. Under outdoor illuminance conditions (1 sun) the OPV obtained a PCE of 1.2% and FF of 41%. These results provided a first step toward the fabrication of fully printed and ultra-conformable tattoo solar cells. However, further studies have to be performed in order to obtain a stable and ready-to-use device.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2019_12_DallaVedova.pdf
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Descrizione: Testo della tesi
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/152033