Nanomaterials (NM) are getting increasingly popular due to unique properties they pro-vide. Graphene-related materials (GRMs) are among the most researched NM for various applications owing to their superior mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. Fur-thermore, they are utilized and studied as reinforcement materials in polymer composites to augment properties of polymers. Investigating potential health impacts of GRMs is cru-cial, since the expected growth in their production will inevitably lead to higher exposure of people to them, either occupationally or through the life cycle of the GRM products, especially through inhalation, main pathway of NM into human body. Therefore, in this study, 1) characterization of the nanoparticles generated from abrasion of neat polyamide 6 (PA6) and PA6-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite, 2) their suspension in a suita-ble dispersion medium and 3) potential adverse health effects of abraded and pristine rGO particles on adenocarcinoma alveolar epithelial type II (A549) cells were investigated. Online size measurement of the abrasion-generated aerosols showed mean aerodynamic diameters of 1.91 µm and 3.16 for PA6-rGO and PA6 samples respectively, which shows that they are in respirable fraction (<4 µm). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicated wide range of morphologies, as well as agglomeration of the abraded particles. Among the tested dispersion media, 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in double distilled H2O (ddH2O) resulted in highest stability and uniformity of the particles with minimum agglomeration. Biological evaluation of abrasion generated particles and pristine rGO did not show any significant effect on cell viability, cell morphology or pro-inflammatory re-sponse after exposure of cells to varying concentrations of particle suspensions (0-40 µg/ml) for 24 and 48 hours.
Grazie alle loro proprietà uniche, i nanomateriali stanno guadagnando sempre maggiore popolarità. I nanomateriali a base di grafene (NBG), in particolare, sono tra i più studiati a causa delle loro superiori proprietà meccaniche, termiche ed elettriche. Tra i loro usi tro-viamo l'applicazione come materiali di rinforzo nei composti polimerici, per migliorarne le proprietà. Valutare i potenziali rischi degli NBG sulla salute umana risulta cruciale dato il trend crescente nella produzione di questi materiali, che inevitabilmente porterà a una maggiore esposizione sia durante la produzione ma anche nelle altre fasi del ciclo di vita degli NGB. Il rischio maggiore è dato dall'inalazione di queste sostanze, in quanto le vie respiratorie sono la principale via d'ingresso dei nanomateriali nel corpo umano. In ques-to studio, abbiamo investigato le nanoparticelle generate dall'abrasione di Poliammide 6 (PA6) e nanocompositi di Poliammide e ossidi di grafene (PA6-rGO), in termini di caratte-rizzazione, scelta del medium di dispersione e potenziali effetti sulle cellule epiteliali A549. Il diametro aerodinamico medio dell'aerosol generato dall'abrasione di PA6 e PA6-rGO misura rispettivamente 3.16 µm e 1.91 µm, classificandoli nella frazione respirabile (<4 µm). Le immagini SEM mostrano grande variabilità morfologiche, nonché fenomeni di agglomerazione. Tra i diversi medium di dispersione testati, la massima stabilità e uni-formità delle particelle e la minima agglomerazione sono state raggiunte usando 0.1% BSA in ddH2O. I test in vitro non hanno mostrato effetti significativi su viabilità cellulare, morfologia cellulare e risposta preinfiammatoria, a nessuna delle concentrazioni testate (tra 0 e 40 µg/ml) e tempi di esposizione (24 e 48 ore).
Characterization of abrasion generated graphene related materials (GRMs) composite particles and in vitro nanosafety assessment of pristine GRMs and abraded particles on human lung cell cultures
KURU, OGUL CAN
2018/2019
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NM) are getting increasingly popular due to unique properties they pro-vide. Graphene-related materials (GRMs) are among the most researched NM for various applications owing to their superior mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. Fur-thermore, they are utilized and studied as reinforcement materials in polymer composites to augment properties of polymers. Investigating potential health impacts of GRMs is cru-cial, since the expected growth in their production will inevitably lead to higher exposure of people to them, either occupationally or through the life cycle of the GRM products, especially through inhalation, main pathway of NM into human body. Therefore, in this study, 1) characterization of the nanoparticles generated from abrasion of neat polyamide 6 (PA6) and PA6-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite, 2) their suspension in a suita-ble dispersion medium and 3) potential adverse health effects of abraded and pristine rGO particles on adenocarcinoma alveolar epithelial type II (A549) cells were investigated. Online size measurement of the abrasion-generated aerosols showed mean aerodynamic diameters of 1.91 µm and 3.16 for PA6-rGO and PA6 samples respectively, which shows that they are in respirable fraction (<4 µm). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicated wide range of morphologies, as well as agglomeration of the abraded particles. Among the tested dispersion media, 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in double distilled H2O (ddH2O) resulted in highest stability and uniformity of the particles with minimum agglomeration. Biological evaluation of abrasion generated particles and pristine rGO did not show any significant effect on cell viability, cell morphology or pro-inflammatory re-sponse after exposure of cells to varying concentrations of particle suspensions (0-40 µg/ml) for 24 and 48 hours.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2019_12_KURU.pdf
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Descrizione: Ogul Can Kuru Master Thesis Text
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2019_12_KURU.pdf
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Descrizione: Cover revised thesis
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/152121