In the last decades, platform-related businesses have disrupted many industries by offering users the opportunity to interact and exchange value in a way not otherwise possible. Thus, the ecosystem of actors involved in the platform and its implications in terms of strategic development and innovation has become of growing interest. The aim of this study is to enrich the literature on two-sided platforms and ecosystems with the analysis of the interactions between Platform Providers (PPs) and Platform Enhancers (PEs). This research was conducted through a single case study, i.e. SPID, the Italian Public System of Digital Identity, and interviewing some of the key actors in its ecosystem through semi-structured questions and a subsequent coding phase to extract concepts consistent with empirical evidence and valid from a scientific perspective. In particular, it emerged that two main factors are responsible for the slow-down in the development of the platform and for the difficulties of coordination of the actors involved: the numerousness and the heterogeneity of PEs. It also emerged that the deep roots of this heterogeneity are ultimately related to two tensions experienced by the individual PE: the trade-off between common and private benefit and the one between value creation and value appropriation. The dynamic evolution of the relations between PPs and PEs was also analyzed, discovering that, in conditions of low complexity, the PP is able to manage one-to-one relations with each PE, while, as complexity increases, coordination takes place through the definition of common standards. Finally, a two-step model is proposed for the management of platform ecosystem, in order to solve the divergent tensions of the group of PEs without stifling the disruptive potential of the platform.
Negli ultimi decenni, business legati alle piattaforme hanno sconvolto molti settori offrendo agli utenti la possibilità di interagire e scambiare valore in un modo altrimenti non possibile. L’ecosistema degli attori coinvolti nella piattaforma e le sue implicazioni in termini di sviluppo strategico e di innovazione sono diventati temi di crescente interesse. Questa ricerca arricchisce la letteratura su ecosistemi di attori e two-sided platform con l’analisi delle interazioni tra Platform Provider (PP) e Platform Enhancers (PE). Il caso studio preso in esame è SPID, il Sistema Pubblico di Identità Digitale, e, interagendo con alcuni degli attori chiave del suo ecosistema attraverso interviste semi-strutturate e successivamente codificate, sono stati estratti concetti coerenti con le evidenze empiriche e validi da un punto di vista scientifico. In particolare, è emerso che i fattori responsabili del rallentamento della piattaforma e delle difficoltà di coordinamento degli attori coinvolti sono la numerosità e l’eterogeneità dei PE. È emerso anche che le ragioni di questa eterogeneità sono in ultima analisi da ascrivere a due trade-off riscontrati dai PE: quello tra interesse comune e privato e quello tra creazione e appropriazione di valore. È stata analizzata anche l’evoluzione dinamica delle relazioni tra PP e PE, scoprendo che, in condizioni di bassa complessità dell’ecosistema, il PP è in grado di gestire relazioni one-to-one con i singoli PE, mentre, con l’aumentare della complessità, il coordinamento avviene attraverso la definizione di standard comuni. Infine, viene proposto un modello a due fasi per la gestione dell’ecosistema della piattaforma, al fine di risolvere le tensioni divergenti del gruppo dei PE senza soffocare il potenziale della piattaforma.
Effectively engaging external partners in a platform ecosystem : the interplay between platform providers and enhancers
FALCONE, CLARISSA
2018/2019
Abstract
In the last decades, platform-related businesses have disrupted many industries by offering users the opportunity to interact and exchange value in a way not otherwise possible. Thus, the ecosystem of actors involved in the platform and its implications in terms of strategic development and innovation has become of growing interest. The aim of this study is to enrich the literature on two-sided platforms and ecosystems with the analysis of the interactions between Platform Providers (PPs) and Platform Enhancers (PEs). This research was conducted through a single case study, i.e. SPID, the Italian Public System of Digital Identity, and interviewing some of the key actors in its ecosystem through semi-structured questions and a subsequent coding phase to extract concepts consistent with empirical evidence and valid from a scientific perspective. In particular, it emerged that two main factors are responsible for the slow-down in the development of the platform and for the difficulties of coordination of the actors involved: the numerousness and the heterogeneity of PEs. It also emerged that the deep roots of this heterogeneity are ultimately related to two tensions experienced by the individual PE: the trade-off between common and private benefit and the one between value creation and value appropriation. The dynamic evolution of the relations between PPs and PEs was also analyzed, discovering that, in conditions of low complexity, the PP is able to manage one-to-one relations with each PE, while, as complexity increases, coordination takes place through the definition of common standards. Finally, a two-step model is proposed for the management of platform ecosystem, in order to solve the divergent tensions of the group of PEs without stifling the disruptive potential of the platform.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/152432