In last decades interest towards electric vehicles has been growing due to increasing demand of sustainable means of transport. Electric motors result very interesting from a control point of view, because, thanks to their high accuracy and responsiveness in torque modulation, they allow an efficient control of the vehicle. The purpose of the thesis, developed in collaboration with an industrial partner, is to design a torque vectoring control for an over-actuated electric vehicle with two actuators layouts: equipped with four or two independently controlled electric motors. By distributing different torques to the wheels, the vehicle cornering behaviour can be modified and improved. In the first part of the thesis the vehicle, installed sensors, physical models and simulation software are presented. In the second place the Torque Vectoring Control is developed for the two actuators configurations. The overall structure of the control systems is composed by: a reference generation, whose aim is to produce a reference yaw rate which we want the vehicle follows, in order to obtain the desired cornering behaviour; an high level controller that, for the four motors architecture, generates the yaw moment necessary to control the car which is then distributed among the wheels by an allocator, while, for the two motors layout, it decides the torque distribution between front and rear axles. At the end, simulation tests, performed on the controlled vehicle for both the actuators architectures, prove the effectiveness of the control systems, developed in this thesis, in changing car cornering behaviour. Besides the control for the four motors configuration was tested on the real vehicle at the Guangde Proving Ground in China, confirming the very promising results observed in simulation.
Negli ultimi decenni i veicoli elettrici stanno attirando sempre maggior interesse, ciò è dovuto alla crescente richiesta di mezzi di trasporto ecosostenibili. L'impiego di motori elettrici risulta essere molto interessante da un punto di vista controllistico, perché grazie alla loro elevata accuratezza e reattività nella modulazione della coppia permettono un efficiente controllo del veicolo. Lo scopo della tesi, in collaborazione con un partner aziendale, è lo sviluppo di un controllo Torque Vectoring per un'auto elettrica sovra-attuata che presenta due configurazioni degli attuatori: equipaggiata con quattro o due motori controllati indipendentemente. Distribuendo coppie differenti fra le ruote il comportamento in curva del veicolo può essere modificato e migliorato. Nella prima parte della tesi vengono presentati l'auto, i sensori, i modelli fisici e il software per la simulazione. In seguito viene sviluppato il controllo Torque Vectoring per le due diverse configurazioni degli attuatori. La struttura generale del sistema di controllo è composta da: un generatore di riferimento, il cui compito è produrre lo yaw rate di riferimento che si vuole far inseguire al veicolo, in modo da ottenere il comportamento desiderato in curva; un controllore di alto livello che, per la configurazione a quattro motori, genera il momento imbardante necessario a controllare la macchina, il quale viene poi ripartito tra le ruote da un allocatore, mentre nel veicolo con due motori decide la distribuzione della coppia tra asse anteriore e posteriore. I test in simulazione, effettuati sul veicolo controllato per entrambe le configurazioni, dimostrano l'efficacia dei sistemi di controllo sviluppati in questa tesi nel modificare il comportamento della macchina in curva. Inoltre il controllore per la configurazione a quattro motori è stato testato sul veicolo reale presso il Guangde Proving Groud in Cina, confermando gli ottimi risultati osservati in simulazione.
Analysis and design of a torque vectoring control system for over-actuated electric vehicles
ANTONIAZZI, MARCO
2019/2020
Abstract
In last decades interest towards electric vehicles has been growing due to increasing demand of sustainable means of transport. Electric motors result very interesting from a control point of view, because, thanks to their high accuracy and responsiveness in torque modulation, they allow an efficient control of the vehicle. The purpose of the thesis, developed in collaboration with an industrial partner, is to design a torque vectoring control for an over-actuated electric vehicle with two actuators layouts: equipped with four or two independently controlled electric motors. By distributing different torques to the wheels, the vehicle cornering behaviour can be modified and improved. In the first part of the thesis the vehicle, installed sensors, physical models and simulation software are presented. In the second place the Torque Vectoring Control is developed for the two actuators configurations. The overall structure of the control systems is composed by: a reference generation, whose aim is to produce a reference yaw rate which we want the vehicle follows, in order to obtain the desired cornering behaviour; an high level controller that, for the four motors architecture, generates the yaw moment necessary to control the car which is then distributed among the wheels by an allocator, while, for the two motors layout, it decides the torque distribution between front and rear axles. At the end, simulation tests, performed on the controlled vehicle for both the actuators architectures, prove the effectiveness of the control systems, developed in this thesis, in changing car cornering behaviour. Besides the control for the four motors configuration was tested on the real vehicle at the Guangde Proving Ground in China, confirming the very promising results observed in simulation.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
2019_12_Antoniazzi.pdf
non accessibile
Descrizione: Testo della tesi
Dimensione
15.3 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
15.3 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/152560