The state of the art for computational studies of the airflow in the human nose does not emphasize the importance of defining a criterion to compare different anatomies. Often comparisons are carried out by imposing the same pressure difference between the external ambient and a point typically located in the region of the larynx. In alternative, many studies compare at the same flow rate. The two approaches clearly lead to different results. This has a crucial importance for multi-patient studies, which are essential in the field given the extreme variability of the anatomy of the human nose. Moreover, a particularly significant comparison is often performed to computationally evaluate the effects of a particular surgery, hence comparing pre-operatory with post-operatory states. In this work, we follow up on a fundamental research effort related to turbulent flows in the idealized geometry of the plane Poiseuille flow, and extend it to the context of nasal airflow. Two anatomies of the same patient corresponding to a pre-op and post-op states (the latter obtained by virtual surgery) are compared under the two different conditions. Results show that the differences between prescribed constant pressure difference and prescribed constant volumetric flow rate are significant, at the level of both global quantities and mean flow field.
Lo stato dell'arte degli studi computazionali dei flussi nel naso dell'uomo non efatizza l'importanza del definire un criterio per confrontare anatomie differenti. Spesso i confronti sono fatti imponento la stessa differenza di pressione tra l'ambiente esterno e un punto situato tipicamente nella zona della laringe. In alternativa, molti studi eseguono questo confronto imponendo la stessa portata. I due approcci portano chiaramente a risultati differenti. Questo ha una cruciale importanza negli studi multi-paziente, che sono essenziali in questo campo data la grande variabilità dell'anatomia del naso umano. In aggiunta, spesso vengono eseguiti dei confronti particolarmente importanti per valutare gli effetti di una data operazione chirurgica dove il confronto avviene tra gli stati pre e post operatori. In questo lavoro, utiliziamo quanto proveniente dalla ricerca di base dei flussi turbolenti alla Poiselle nei canali piani idealizzati e lo estendiamo al caso dei flussi nasali. Due anatomie dello stesso paziente corrispondenti a uno stato preoperatorio e uno stato postoperatorio (quest'ultima ottenuta mediante virtual surgery) sono messe a confronto nelle due differenti condizioni. I risultati mostrano che le differenze tra una differenza di pressione costante imposta e un flusso volumetrico imposto sono significative, sia a livello delle quantità globali che a quello del campo di moto medio.
Comparing different anatomies in nasal fluid dynamics
DINI CIACCI, GABRIELE
2018/2019
Abstract
The state of the art for computational studies of the airflow in the human nose does not emphasize the importance of defining a criterion to compare different anatomies. Often comparisons are carried out by imposing the same pressure difference between the external ambient and a point typically located in the region of the larynx. In alternative, many studies compare at the same flow rate. The two approaches clearly lead to different results. This has a crucial importance for multi-patient studies, which are essential in the field given the extreme variability of the anatomy of the human nose. Moreover, a particularly significant comparison is often performed to computationally evaluate the effects of a particular surgery, hence comparing pre-operatory with post-operatory states. In this work, we follow up on a fundamental research effort related to turbulent flows in the idealized geometry of the plane Poiseuille flow, and extend it to the context of nasal airflow. Two anatomies of the same patient corresponding to a pre-op and post-op states (the latter obtained by virtual surgery) are compared under the two different conditions. Results show that the differences between prescribed constant pressure difference and prescribed constant volumetric flow rate are significant, at the level of both global quantities and mean flow field.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/153047