The present work deals with an innovative route for green biomethanol production starting from secondary biomass. This work takes a cue from the technology proposed by European project H2020 Converge (CarbON Valorisation in Energy-efficient Green fuels). It is expected that this new route will be more efficient and less expensive than current technologies and it will take advantage of five innovative technologies specifically selected to improve each conversion step required from secondary biomass to biomethanol from both efficiency and costs. The main rationale behind the studied plant is process intensification, applied to a biomass-to-fuel production unit, minimizing the energy losses related to processing steps and producing 100% biogenic methanol as feedstock for biofuels production. The goal will be reached through the reduction of the number of processes in the transformation chain and increasing the overall efficiency. This work is built around the concept of developing a set of five new technologies: catalytic cracking of tars from an indirectly heated gasifier to below green C8, recovery of refinery products including aromatics for green C6-C8 fraction (BTX), Sorption-Enhanced Reforming (SER) of C1-C6 for excess-carbon removal and H2 production, highly efficient electrochemical compression of H2 with by-product fuel, enhanced methanol membrane (EMM) to ensure efficient green biomethanol production. The preliminary analysis of this work summarizes the operating conditions of each component (temperature, pressure and composition of the inlet/outlet streams) and aims to estimate the performance of the plant, optimizing energy demand of the processes, how fulfills it and proposing an integration of different processes to maximize the yield of methanol and to increase the conversion efficiency of the processes in the plant. Heat and mass balances are determined through software Aspen Plus. In this thesis different plant configurations are studied, that change the type of methanol reactor, the efficiency of the conversion of the solid sorbent at SER and the type of fuel to regenerator of SER. An economic analysis is associated to the technical analysis to evaluate yearly cash flows achievable, the maximum cost of investment, which technologies can have, and the effect of the variation of market prices. The analysis of the performances of the synthesis section, the analysis related to fuel and the possible improvements of SER, and economic analysis allow to choose the suitable plant configuration from technical, energetic-enviromental and economic point of view.
Il presente elaborato tratta un sistema per la conversione di biomassa legnosa per la produzione di metanolo attraverso una serie di processi innovativi. Il lavoro prende spunto dalla tecnologia proposta nel progetto europeo H2020 Converge (CarbON Valorisation in Energy-efficient Green fuels). Ci si attende che i processi presenti siano più efficienti e meno costosi rispetto a quelli convenzionali: i vantaggi sono legati a cinque tecnologie innovative che migliorano ogni passaggio di conversione richiesto dalla biomassa legnosa per ottenere metanolo sia in termini di efficienze che di costi. L’idea dell’impianto studiato nasce dallo sviluppo dell’insieme delle cinque nuove tecnologie: cracking catalitico dei tars, separazione di prodotti chimici aromatici C6-C8, SER (Sorption-Enhanced Reforming), compressione elettrochimica dell’H2 e reattore a membrana per la sintesi del metanolo. L’analisi preliminare svolta in questo lavoro stabilisce le condizioni operative ottimali di ogni componente (temperatura, pressione e composizione dei flussi di ingresso/uscita) e ha l’obiettivo di stimare le prestazioni dell’impianto, caratterizzando la spesa energetica dei processi, come soddisfarla e proponendo un’integrazione dei diversi processi, in modo tale da massimizzare la produzione di metanolo e in modo da incrementare l’efficienza di conversione dei processi nella catena di conversione da biomassa a metanolo. I bilanci di massa ed energia sono calcolati tramite il software Aspen Plus. Sono studiate diverse configurazioni impiantistiche che si differenziano per il tipo di reattore nella sezione di sintesi, l’efficienza di conversione del sorbente solido nella sezione del SER e per il combustibile alimentato al rigeneratore del sorbente solido del SER. All’analisi tecnica è legata un’analisi economica per valutare i flussi di cassa annui ottenibili, il massimo costo di investimento che le tecnologie adottate possono assumere e l’effetto della variazione dei prezzi di mercato. L’analisi delle prestazioni della sezione di sintesi del metanolo, l’analisi sul combustibile e sui miglioramenti possibili al SER, e l’analisi economica permettono di scegliere la configurazione impiantistica adeguata dal punto di vista tecnico, energetico-ambientale ed economico.
Analisi tecnico-economica dell'integrazione di tecnologie innovative per la sintesi di metanolo da biomassa
TRIGNANI, GABRIELE
2018/2019
Abstract
The present work deals with an innovative route for green biomethanol production starting from secondary biomass. This work takes a cue from the technology proposed by European project H2020 Converge (CarbON Valorisation in Energy-efficient Green fuels). It is expected that this new route will be more efficient and less expensive than current technologies and it will take advantage of five innovative technologies specifically selected to improve each conversion step required from secondary biomass to biomethanol from both efficiency and costs. The main rationale behind the studied plant is process intensification, applied to a biomass-to-fuel production unit, minimizing the energy losses related to processing steps and producing 100% biogenic methanol as feedstock for biofuels production. The goal will be reached through the reduction of the number of processes in the transformation chain and increasing the overall efficiency. This work is built around the concept of developing a set of five new technologies: catalytic cracking of tars from an indirectly heated gasifier to below green C8, recovery of refinery products including aromatics for green C6-C8 fraction (BTX), Sorption-Enhanced Reforming (SER) of C1-C6 for excess-carbon removal and H2 production, highly efficient electrochemical compression of H2 with by-product fuel, enhanced methanol membrane (EMM) to ensure efficient green biomethanol production. The preliminary analysis of this work summarizes the operating conditions of each component (temperature, pressure and composition of the inlet/outlet streams) and aims to estimate the performance of the plant, optimizing energy demand of the processes, how fulfills it and proposing an integration of different processes to maximize the yield of methanol and to increase the conversion efficiency of the processes in the plant. Heat and mass balances are determined through software Aspen Plus. In this thesis different plant configurations are studied, that change the type of methanol reactor, the efficiency of the conversion of the solid sorbent at SER and the type of fuel to regenerator of SER. An economic analysis is associated to the technical analysis to evaluate yearly cash flows achievable, the maximum cost of investment, which technologies can have, and the effect of the variation of market prices. The analysis of the performances of the synthesis section, the analysis related to fuel and the possible improvements of SER, and economic analysis allow to choose the suitable plant configuration from technical, energetic-enviromental and economic point of view.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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ANALISI TECNICO-ECONOMICA DELL'INTEGRAZIONE DI TECNOLOGIE INNOVATIVE PER LA SINTESI DI METANOLO DA BIOMASSA.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/153213