Ethiopia has begun developing their significant hydropower potential with the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile River to facilitate local and regional growth. The GERD, located just upstream of the border with Sudan, is the first dam ever to be constructed directly on the main stem of the Blue Nile and will become the largest dam in Africa. The dam filling stage will have clear implications on downstream flows in Sudan and Egypt, complicated by evaporative losses, climate variability, and climate change. In this thesis, remote sensing imagery has been used in order to measure the impact of GERD on downstream area. A WebGIS application has been implemented to assess the effects of the dam on agriculture in Egypt specially Delta region, which is the last region before Nile River mouth. The application is calculating Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) for different regions downstream during past 20 years. Also, the developed application has a dynamic shareable interface that can be used either by experts or non-experts. On the other hand, the water resources and agricultural characteristics of Delta region are defined then, various analysis, using remote sensing, evaluated the vegetation level over Delta Region during last 20 years. The results show that the vegetation level in the middle of the Delta has minor changes. While, in the East and West of the Delta the vegetation level has incrementally increased to the double over the last 20 years. This increase is due to the reclamation of desert depending on underground water. Furthermore, the results show that the developed Web-based platform could promote a more comprehensive understanding of the problem, its outcomes, and the damage it could inflict on a given area.
L'Etiopia ha iniziato a sviluppare il proprio potenziale idroelettrico con la costruzione della Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) sul fiume Nilo Azzurro per facilitare la crescita locale e regionale. La GERD, situata appena a monte del confine con il Sudan, è la prima diga mai costruita direttamente sul ramo principale del Nilo Azzurro e diventerà la più grande diga in Africa. La fase di riempimento della diga avrà chiare implicazioni sui flussi a valle in Sudan ed Egitto, complicata da perdite per evaporazione, variabilità climatica e cambiamenti climatici. In questa tesi, sono state utilizzate immagini telerilevate per misurare l'impatto della GERD sull'area a valle. E’ stata inoltre realizzata un’applicazione WebGIS per valutare gli effetti della diga sull'agricoltura in Egitto, in particolare nella regione del Delta, l'ultima regione prima della foce del Nilo. L'applicazione permette di calcolare l’Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) per diverse regioni dell’Egitto per gli ultimi 20 anni. Inoltre, l'applicazione sviluppata ha un'interfaccia dinamica condivisibile che può essere utilizzata da esperti o non esperti. Nella tesi, vengono presentate le risorse idriche e le caratteristiche agricole della regione del Delta, varie analisi che utilizzano il telerilevamento hanno permesso di valutare il livello di vegetazione sulla regione del Delta negli ultimi 20 anni. I risultati mostrano che il livello della vegetazione della zona del Delta presenta lievi cambiamenti. Mentre, nell'est e nell'ovest del delta, il livello della vegetazione è aumentato gradualmente fino a raddoppiare negli ultimi 20 anni. Questo aumento è dovuto alla bonifica del deserto e allo sfruttamento delle acque sotterranee. Inoltre, i risultati mostrano che la piattaforma Web sviluppata potrebbe promuovere una comprensione più completa del problema, dei suoi esiti e del danno che potrebbe infliggere in una determinata area.
A WebGIS to show the impact of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance dam on agriculture in Egypt
KHEDER, SHERIF
2018/2019
Abstract
Ethiopia has begun developing their significant hydropower potential with the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile River to facilitate local and regional growth. The GERD, located just upstream of the border with Sudan, is the first dam ever to be constructed directly on the main stem of the Blue Nile and will become the largest dam in Africa. The dam filling stage will have clear implications on downstream flows in Sudan and Egypt, complicated by evaporative losses, climate variability, and climate change. In this thesis, remote sensing imagery has been used in order to measure the impact of GERD on downstream area. A WebGIS application has been implemented to assess the effects of the dam on agriculture in Egypt specially Delta region, which is the last region before Nile River mouth. The application is calculating Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) for different regions downstream during past 20 years. Also, the developed application has a dynamic shareable interface that can be used either by experts or non-experts. On the other hand, the water resources and agricultural characteristics of Delta region are defined then, various analysis, using remote sensing, evaluated the vegetation level over Delta Region during last 20 years. The results show that the vegetation level in the middle of the Delta has minor changes. While, in the East and West of the Delta the vegetation level has incrementally increased to the double over the last 20 years. This increase is due to the reclamation of desert depending on underground water. Furthermore, the results show that the developed Web-based platform could promote a more comprehensive understanding of the problem, its outcomes, and the damage it could inflict on a given area.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Master Thesis Sherif Kheder.pdf
accessibile in internet per tutti
Descrizione: Master Thesis
Dimensione
3.94 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
3.94 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/153891