Throughout the years, Sudan has witnessed massive population displacement due to natural causes and a multitude of misconceived government policies. The worst form of displacement has been caused by government-related conflicts and wars with an estimated 6 million reported displaced in 2005, which constituted 14% of the country’s total population at that time. These millions of displaced traveled around the country in search of a suitable place to relocate. In these extreme conditions, questions arise regarding notions of settlement, such as what does 'place' and 'home' mean in a country like Sudan and how has this played into urban development. Displacement can influence and redefine such notions of home, and the government has played an essential role in developing those definitions by its polices and non-polices towards IDPs and urban development as whole. To understand the role that architecture and the build environment play into an individual’s connection to a place and concepts of ‘home’, a series of four interviews with IDPs were conducted in Dar Es-Salaam settlement in Omdurman. These interviews focused on the IDP’s reasons for displacement, amount of times displaced, and the current connection to their home structure, mobile belongings and the neighborhood as a whole. Through these interviews, the connection between ‘belonging to a place’ and the feeling of being ‘at home’ is explored in the IDP context and how the factor of multiple displacements can greater erode these concepts in the present. The lack of employment opportunities, risk of removal and distance from amenities all impact an IDP’s sense of home and belonging and lead to a lack of investment in their home structure and detachment from their present location. To create long-term sustainable solutions for IDPs, keeping in mind the concept of being ‘at home’, the new government needs to address the needs of IDPs in their new settling and at their origins. The government needs to increase support for durable solutions and effectively implement the solutions which include providing basic facilities, enhancing security in areas of return, allowing access to affected people and addressing the drivers of the conflict to allow IDPs to resettle, integrate or return to their original home.
Nel corso degli anni, il Sudan ha assistito a un massiccio spostamento della popolazione a causa di cause naturali e una moltitudine di politiche governative male concepite. La peggior forma di sfollamento è stata causata da conflitti e guerre legati al governo, con una stima di 6 milioni di sfollati denunciati nel 2005, che costituivano il 14% della popolazione totale del paese in quel momento. Questi milioni di sfollati hanno viaggiato in tutto il paese alla ricerca di un luogo adatto per trasferirsi. In queste condizioni estreme, sorgono interrogativi riguardo alle nozioni di insediamento, come cosa significano "luogo" e "casa" in un paese come il Sudan e come questo ha avuto un ruolo nello sviluppo urbano. Lo spostamento può influenzare e ridefinire tali nozioni di casa e il governo ha svolto un ruolo essenziale nello sviluppo di tali definizioni con le sue politiche e non politiche verso gli sfollati interni e lo sviluppo urbano nel suo insieme. Per comprendere il ruolo che l'architettura e l'ambiente di costruzione svolgono nella connessione di un individuo a un luogo e ai concetti di "casa", una serie di quattro interviste con gli sfollati interni sono state condotte nell'insediamento di Dar Es-Salaam a Omdurman. Queste interviste si sono incentrate sulle ragioni dell'IDP per lo sfollamento, il numero di sfollati e l'attuale connessione con la loro struttura domestica, oggetti mobili e il quartiere nel suo insieme. Attraverso queste interviste, la connessione tra "l'appartenenza a un luogo" e la sensazione di essere "a casa" viene esplorata nel contesto IDP e in che modo il fattore di spostamenti multipli può erodere maggiormente questi concetti nel presente. La mancanza di opportunità di lavoro, il rischio di allontanamento e la distanza dai servizi incidono tutti sul senso di appartenenza e di appartenenza degli sfollati interni e portano a una mancanza di investimenti nella loro struttura domestica e al loro distacco dalla loro posizione attuale. Per creare soluzioni sostenibili a lungo termine per gli sfollati interni, tenendo presente il concetto di "casa", il nuovo governo deve rispondere alle esigenze degli sfollati nella loro nuova sistemazione e alle loro origini. Il governo deve aumentare il sostegno a soluzioni durature e attuare efficacemente le soluzioni che includono la fornitura di strutture di base, il miglioramento della sicurezza nelle aree di rimpatrio, la possibilità di accedere alle persone colpite e di rivolgersi ai conducenti del conflitto per consentire agli sfollati interni di reinsediare, integrare o ritornare ai loro casa originale.
Home-making and the internally displaced. Exploring home-making practices in the context of internal displacement in Khartoum, Sudan
ABDULSAKHI, WAFA ELHADI BAKHIT
2019/2020
Abstract
Throughout the years, Sudan has witnessed massive population displacement due to natural causes and a multitude of misconceived government policies. The worst form of displacement has been caused by government-related conflicts and wars with an estimated 6 million reported displaced in 2005, which constituted 14% of the country’s total population at that time. These millions of displaced traveled around the country in search of a suitable place to relocate. In these extreme conditions, questions arise regarding notions of settlement, such as what does 'place' and 'home' mean in a country like Sudan and how has this played into urban development. Displacement can influence and redefine such notions of home, and the government has played an essential role in developing those definitions by its polices and non-polices towards IDPs and urban development as whole. To understand the role that architecture and the build environment play into an individual’s connection to a place and concepts of ‘home’, a series of four interviews with IDPs were conducted in Dar Es-Salaam settlement in Omdurman. These interviews focused on the IDP’s reasons for displacement, amount of times displaced, and the current connection to their home structure, mobile belongings and the neighborhood as a whole. Through these interviews, the connection between ‘belonging to a place’ and the feeling of being ‘at home’ is explored in the IDP context and how the factor of multiple displacements can greater erode these concepts in the present. The lack of employment opportunities, risk of removal and distance from amenities all impact an IDP’s sense of home and belonging and lead to a lack of investment in their home structure and detachment from their present location. To create long-term sustainable solutions for IDPs, keeping in mind the concept of being ‘at home’, the new government needs to address the needs of IDPs in their new settling and at their origins. The government needs to increase support for durable solutions and effectively implement the solutions which include providing basic facilities, enhancing security in areas of return, allowing access to affected people and addressing the drivers of the conflict to allow IDPs to resettle, integrate or return to their original home.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/164600