The design of a heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) system for a museum is mainly aimed to preserve indoor collections from soiling and degradation related to temperature, humidity and particularly airborne particles. This is even more important when artworks are intrinsically vulnerable as occurs with this case study: the Leonardo’s Last Supper. Nowadays new technologies are applied in this field and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling represents a very important tool to evaluate airflow patterns and airborne particles generation and distribution inside the room. In fact, its advantages consist in facility of the implementation, saving of money and time comparing with the experimental campaign, and possibility to test in short time other configurations to evaluate different layouts or to highlight critical aspects. The aim of this work is the creation of a CFD model representing the Refettorio di Santa Maria delle Grazie where Leonardo’s famous mural painting is located. The idea is to investigate the indoor airflow behavior as airborne particles, temperature, and humidity distribution, especially in correspondence of the Last Supper. This work includes the effects of visitors and different mechanisms employed for better artwork preservation. After the creation of a 3D model, the geometry is meshed, and simulations are run. The first step has been developed with Autodesk Inventor, while the latter with ANSYS Fluent. Different scenarios have been investigated to assess the positive effect of several methods employed to achieve better conservation conditions. Nowadays new technologies are applied in this field and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling represents a very important tool in order to evaluate airflow patterns and airborne particles generation and distribution inside the room. In fact, its advantages consist in facility of the implementation, saving of money and time comparing with the experimental campaign, and possibility to test in short time other configurations to evaluate different layouts or to highlight critical aspects. The aim of this work is the creation of a CFD model representing the ‘Refettorio di Santa Maria delle Grazie’ where Leonardo’s famous fresco is located. The idea is to investigate the indoor airflow behavior as airborne particles, temperature and humidity distribution, especially in correspondence of the Last Supper. This work includes the effects of visitors and different mechanisms employed for better artwork preservation. After the creation of a 3D model, the geometry is meshed, and simulations are run. The first step has been developed with Autodesk Inventor, while the latter with ANSYS Fluent. Different scenarios have been investigated in order to assess the positive effect of several mechanisms employed to achieve better conservation conditions.
La progettazione di un sistema di riscaldamento, ventilazione e aria condizionata (HVAC system) per un museo è principalmente focalizzato alla conservazione delle opere d’arte: è necessario prevenire fenomeni di degrado collegati a temperatura, umidità e soprattutto particelle atmosferiche. Questo è ancor più importante quando si parla di opere intrinsecamente vulnerabili come quella trattata nella seguente tesi: L’Ultima Cena di Leonardo da Vinci. Oggigiorno, nuove tecnologie vengono applicate a questo campo e la modellazione fluidodinamica (CFD) rappresenta uno strumento assai apprezzabile al fine di stimare la distribuzione del campo di moto e di particolato all’interno di una stanza. Infatti, i vantaggi di un’analisi CFD riguardano la facilità di implementazione e il risparmio di denaro e tempo rispetto alle tradizionali campagne sperimentali. Inoltre, è anche possibile sviluppare differenti configurazioni, in brevi periodi, per valutare nuovi layout o per evidenziare aspetti critici. L’obbiettivo di questa ricerca consiste nella creazione di un modello CFD rappresentativo del refettorio di Santa Maria delle Grazie dove si trova il famoso dipinto murale di Leonardo. L’idea è quella di stimare il comportamento dell’aria all’interno del museo così come la distribuzione del particolato, della temperatura e dell’umidità, in particolar modo presso L’Ultima Cena. Questo lavoro vuole includere l’effetto dei visitatori nonché di differenti procedure adottate nel corso del tempo per migliorare le condizioni di conservazione dell’opera. Dopo la creazione di un modello 3D, la geometria viene convertita in mesh e dunque le simulazioni vengono lanciate. Il primo passaggio è stato sviluppato attraverso l’uso di Autodesk Inventor, mentre gli ultimi con ANSYS Fluent. Diversi scenari sono stati studiati al fine di valutare l’effetto positivo dei meccanismi sopra citati.
Preserving Leonardo's Last Supper : a CFD study on indoor ventilation to control air humidity and PM10
BERTOLINA, DAVIDE
2018/2019
Abstract
The design of a heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) system for a museum is mainly aimed to preserve indoor collections from soiling and degradation related to temperature, humidity and particularly airborne particles. This is even more important when artworks are intrinsically vulnerable as occurs with this case study: the Leonardo’s Last Supper. Nowadays new technologies are applied in this field and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling represents a very important tool to evaluate airflow patterns and airborne particles generation and distribution inside the room. In fact, its advantages consist in facility of the implementation, saving of money and time comparing with the experimental campaign, and possibility to test in short time other configurations to evaluate different layouts or to highlight critical aspects. The aim of this work is the creation of a CFD model representing the Refettorio di Santa Maria delle Grazie where Leonardo’s famous mural painting is located. The idea is to investigate the indoor airflow behavior as airborne particles, temperature, and humidity distribution, especially in correspondence of the Last Supper. This work includes the effects of visitors and different mechanisms employed for better artwork preservation. After the creation of a 3D model, the geometry is meshed, and simulations are run. The first step has been developed with Autodesk Inventor, while the latter with ANSYS Fluent. Different scenarios have been investigated to assess the positive effect of several methods employed to achieve better conservation conditions. Nowadays new technologies are applied in this field and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling represents a very important tool in order to evaluate airflow patterns and airborne particles generation and distribution inside the room. In fact, its advantages consist in facility of the implementation, saving of money and time comparing with the experimental campaign, and possibility to test in short time other configurations to evaluate different layouts or to highlight critical aspects. The aim of this work is the creation of a CFD model representing the ‘Refettorio di Santa Maria delle Grazie’ where Leonardo’s famous fresco is located. The idea is to investigate the indoor airflow behavior as airborne particles, temperature and humidity distribution, especially in correspondence of the Last Supper. This work includes the effects of visitors and different mechanisms employed for better artwork preservation. After the creation of a 3D model, the geometry is meshed, and simulations are run. The first step has been developed with Autodesk Inventor, while the latter with ANSYS Fluent. Different scenarios have been investigated in order to assess the positive effect of several mechanisms employed to achieve better conservation conditions.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Preserving Leonardo's Last Supper 2.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/164948