The research investigates the architectures for the movies in Emilia-Romagna, with specific attention to the ones built or transformed after the Second World War. Movie theaters in the region represent a large group of buildings, encompassing over 300 constructions for movie screening. In general, it is a set of strongly diversified architectures, which configuration is often the result of ongoing interventions, to comply with changing commercial or regulatory requirements. Emilia-Romagna is one of the Italian regions that display the highest indicators related to cinema-going for the post-war period. Even in the 1970s, a decade marked by a contraction of the cinema industry, it had one of the highest rates of tickets sold and active premises per inhabitant. Since the mid-fifties, however, over a thousand spaces for movie screening have disappeared. Many buildings underwent transformation, demolition, or neglect. Among the scientific community, the interest in movie theaters architecture has been growing exponentially. Over the years, scholars explored their architectural features, role in defining the urban modernity, authorship by famous designers, as well as their persistence in the collective memory; most of those studies looked at constructions of the first half of the 20th century. Currently, Italian movie theaters convey the interest of the society at different levels: national government and local administrations providing financial support and resolutions to protect premises in the city centers, and communities claiming the use of abandoned buildings as places holding collective memories. Most of these actions aim to perpetuate the use, with limited implications on the physical conservation of the buildings. The research explores the material outcomes of the two subsequent seasons of success and decline of cinema-going in Emilia-Romagna, providing information on construction, transformation and current state of cinema architectures on the territory. The focus is specifically on the venues of the post-war period, being less studied and more easily prone to demolitions or transformations, but corresponding to the climax of cinema-going in Italy and even more in Emilia-Romagna. The author carried out a survey of cinema architectures in the region, verifying the current condition of the buildings though direct inspections, combined with bibliographic and archival research. Finally, the question regarding movie theater architecture as a possible heritage of the recent past underlies the whole research. The work explores the specific features of the existing buildings for the movies in the region, capable to be translated into potential reasons for their conservation and therefore to guide the choices regarding their permanence and use.
Oggetto della ricerca sono le architetture per il cinema in Emilia-Romagna, costruite o trasformate nel secondo dopoguerra. Queste costituiscono tuttora un insieme quantitativamente rilevante in regione, con oltre 300 edifici esistenti atti a ospitare proiezioni. In generale, si tratta di architetture fortemente diversificate, la cui conformazione spaziale e materica è stata nel tempo modificata da continui interventi, in particolare negli spazi interni, per adeguarsi a mutate esigenze commerciali o normative. L’Emilia-Romagna è una delle regioni italiane dove dal secondo dopoguerra ad oggi è maggiore il consumo di cinema. Inoltre, seppure in una situazione generalizzata di contrazione della domanda, ancora negli anni settanta è elevatissimo il numero di biglietti staccati e di sale cinematografiche in rapporto alla popolazione. Tuttavia, dalla metà degli anni cinquanta ad oggi sono scomparsi oltre mille spazi per lo spettacolo sul territorio. Molti edifici sono stati trasformati cambiandone la funzione e numerosi sono in abbandono. In tempi recenti si assiste a un crescente interesse da parte della comunità scientifica verso le architetture per il cinema, in particolare quelle della prima metà del Novecento, indagandone l’aspetto architettonico, il ruolo nella modernità urbana, l’apporto di progettisti illustri, nonché la persistenza nella memoria collettiva. Peraltro, i cinematografi richiamano l’attenzione della società a diversi livelli: del governo e delle amministrazioni locali attraverso provvedimenti normativi e finanziamenti, nonché delle comunità in quanto luoghi di identità collettiva e spazi di uso pubblico di cui viene reclamata la fruizione. La maggior parte di queste operazioni hanno come obiettivo principale la salvaguardia dell’uso, con limitati risvolti sulla conservazione delle qualità spaziali e materiche delle fabbriche. I presupposti della ricerca sono costituiti dal progressivo allargamento del concetto di patrimonio verso definizioni sempre più inclusive, in parallelo all’evidente impossibilità di estendere la tutela a tutto il costruito. Attraverso ispezioni dirette e approfondite indagini bibliografiche e di archivio, la tesi esplora le modalità e gli esiti attraverso cui si è materializzato nella regione il successo e declino del cinema a livello di popolarità e consumo. Mette in luce come sia stata interpretata l’idea di modernità nella costruzione o riconfigurazione di questi spazi nei decenni di rinnovamento immediatamente successivi al secondo conflitto. Documenta cosa di questa stagione resti oggi, quali architetture siano fruite, protette o a rischio. Inoltre, indaga se e quali motivi di interesse sussistano per le fabbriche tuttora esistenti, capaci di diventare potenziali ragioni per la loro conservazione, rapportando gli esiti del dibattito teorico sul cinematografo come oggetto patrimoniale al contesto locale.
Fortuna e declino dei cinematografi nell'Emilia-Romagna del secondo dopoguerra. La conservazione delle architetture per il cinema
MACCHIONI, ELENA
Abstract
The research investigates the architectures for the movies in Emilia-Romagna, with specific attention to the ones built or transformed after the Second World War. Movie theaters in the region represent a large group of buildings, encompassing over 300 constructions for movie screening. In general, it is a set of strongly diversified architectures, which configuration is often the result of ongoing interventions, to comply with changing commercial or regulatory requirements. Emilia-Romagna is one of the Italian regions that display the highest indicators related to cinema-going for the post-war period. Even in the 1970s, a decade marked by a contraction of the cinema industry, it had one of the highest rates of tickets sold and active premises per inhabitant. Since the mid-fifties, however, over a thousand spaces for movie screening have disappeared. Many buildings underwent transformation, demolition, or neglect. Among the scientific community, the interest in movie theaters architecture has been growing exponentially. Over the years, scholars explored their architectural features, role in defining the urban modernity, authorship by famous designers, as well as their persistence in the collective memory; most of those studies looked at constructions of the first half of the 20th century. Currently, Italian movie theaters convey the interest of the society at different levels: national government and local administrations providing financial support and resolutions to protect premises in the city centers, and communities claiming the use of abandoned buildings as places holding collective memories. Most of these actions aim to perpetuate the use, with limited implications on the physical conservation of the buildings. The research explores the material outcomes of the two subsequent seasons of success and decline of cinema-going in Emilia-Romagna, providing information on construction, transformation and current state of cinema architectures on the territory. The focus is specifically on the venues of the post-war period, being less studied and more easily prone to demolitions or transformations, but corresponding to the climax of cinema-going in Italy and even more in Emilia-Romagna. The author carried out a survey of cinema architectures in the region, verifying the current condition of the buildings though direct inspections, combined with bibliographic and archival research. Finally, the question regarding movie theater architecture as a possible heritage of the recent past underlies the whole research. The work explores the specific features of the existing buildings for the movies in the region, capable to be translated into potential reasons for their conservation and therefore to guide the choices regarding their permanence and use.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
2020_04_PhD_Macchioni.pdf
non accessibile
Descrizione: Testo della tesi
Dimensione
91.9 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
91.9 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/165142