The present work analyses the performances of the overset approach, implemented in the open-source code OpenFOAM, developed for conducting computational fluid dynamics simulations. The scope of the thesis is to assess the applicability of the overset method for the study of fluid-machines, in both research and industrial context. Three different case studies, characterized by an increasing level of complexity, were analysed and, except for the last one, the validation of the overset method was conducted by means of the comparison with experimental data, as well as results coming from other simulation strategies. The non-conservative nature of the overset approach was responsible for a deficit of mass around $1 %$ in case of a compressible problem without mesh motion, while the one measured for incompressible cases, with and without mesh motion, was, respectively, one and two orders of magnitude smaller. In terms of numerical results, there were not significant advantages in creating a dedicated mesh for a specific steady component, also considering the increase of computational time and the mass conservation issues that derived from the overset approach. On the other hand, still focusing on static cases, the overset strategy could be a suitable solution for design optimization studies, thanks to its extreme flexibility in creating specific mesh components that can be overlapped in an arbitrary manner. However, the full potentialities of the overset approach are exploited in case of dynamic mesh handling, since body motion can be described in a straightforward way, without the complex mesh motion strategies, involving grid deformation and topological changes, required in case of a single mesh. The application of the overset approach is particularly promising, since it is the only method that allows to simulate conditions of domain disconnection, as in the case of a valve which completely closes, with zero gap from its seat.
Il presente elaborato analizza le prestazioni dell'approccio overset, implementato nel codice open-source OpenFOAM, sviluppato per condurre simulazioni di fluidodinamica computazionale. Lo scopo della tesi è di valutare l'applicabilità del metodo overset per lo studio delle macchine a fluido, sia nel contesto di ricerca che in quello industriale. Tre diversi casi studio, caratterizzati da un crescente livello di complessità, sono stati analizzati e, ad eccezione dell'ultimo, la validazione del metodo overset è stata condotta tramite il confronto con dati sperimentali, oltre che con i risultati ottenuti da altre strategie di simulazione. La natura non conservativa dell' approccio overset è stata responsabile di una perdita di massa attorno all' 1% nel caso di un problema comprimibile senza movimento della mesh, mentre quella misurata per i casi incomprimibili, con e senza movimento della mesh, è risultata, rispettivamente, uno e due ordini di grandezza inferiori. In termini di risultati numerici, non ci sono stati vantaggi significativi nella creazione di una mesh apposita per uno specifico componente statico, anche considerando l'incremento del tempo computazionale e i problemi di conservazione della massa derivanti dall'approccio overset. D'altro canto, sempre ragionando su casi statici, la strategia overset potrebbe ancora rivelarsi una soluzione adatta per studi di ottimizzazione del design, grazie alla sua estrema flessibilità nella creazione di mesh specifiche per i componenti, che possono essere sovrapposte in maniera arbitraria. Tuttavia, le vere potenzialità dell' approccio overset sono sfruttate in caso di gestione dinamica della mesh, poichè il movimento di un corpo può essere definito in maniera semplice, senza le complesse strategie di movimentazione della mesh, che coinvolgono deformazione di griglia e cambiamenti topologici, necessari in caso di singola mesh. L'applicazione dell'approccio overset è particolarmente promettente, perchè è l'unico metodo che permette di simulare condizioni di dominio disconnesso, come nel caso di una valvola che si chiude completamente, con distanza nulla dalla sua sede.
An appraisal of the application of the overset method to the CFD simulation of fluid machines
SPIRITO, GRAZIANO
2018/2019
Abstract
The present work analyses the performances of the overset approach, implemented in the open-source code OpenFOAM, developed for conducting computational fluid dynamics simulations. The scope of the thesis is to assess the applicability of the overset method for the study of fluid-machines, in both research and industrial context. Three different case studies, characterized by an increasing level of complexity, were analysed and, except for the last one, the validation of the overset method was conducted by means of the comparison with experimental data, as well as results coming from other simulation strategies. The non-conservative nature of the overset approach was responsible for a deficit of mass around $1 %$ in case of a compressible problem without mesh motion, while the one measured for incompressible cases, with and without mesh motion, was, respectively, one and two orders of magnitude smaller. In terms of numerical results, there were not significant advantages in creating a dedicated mesh for a specific steady component, also considering the increase of computational time and the mass conservation issues that derived from the overset approach. On the other hand, still focusing on static cases, the overset strategy could be a suitable solution for design optimization studies, thanks to its extreme flexibility in creating specific mesh components that can be overlapped in an arbitrary manner. However, the full potentialities of the overset approach are exploited in case of dynamic mesh handling, since body motion can be described in a straightforward way, without the complex mesh motion strategies, involving grid deformation and topological changes, required in case of a single mesh. The application of the overset approach is particularly promising, since it is the only method that allows to simulate conditions of domain disconnection, as in the case of a valve which completely closes, with zero gap from its seat.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/165568