Carbon Capture and Storage (CSS) technologies represent a promising way to reach the targets for reducing CO2 in the near future. To this aim, the most developed technologies for post-combustion capture processes are based on amine solvents, however they are characterized by large energy requirements for solvent regeneration, which is a main issue. This thesis focuses on the study of the process of CO2 absorption and solvent regeneration with an aqueous solvent based on 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), whose main characteristic is the enhanced absorption capacity of CO2 due to unstable carbamate formation. The CO2-AMP-H2O system, even in the presence of N2, was represented in ASPEN Plus® with the Electrolyte-NRTL thermodynamic model, whose parameters were determined in this thesis work and validated by comparison with experimental data of heat absorption and from a pilot plant. A further step was the simulation of the process of CO2 removal from flue gases of power plants, with a related parametric study to determine the best solution and a comparison with the traditional MEA solvent. Results show that the developed model is a valid tool to simulate the absorption process with AMP.
Le tecnologie Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) rappresentano una via promettente al fine di rispettare gli obiettivi sulla riduzione delle emissioni di CO2 nel prossimo futuro. I processi di cattura post-combustione basati su ammine hanno attualmente il maggior grado di sviluppo, tuttavia il principale problema è rappresentato dalle elevate richieste energetiche per la rigenerazione del solvente. Questa tesi si focalizza sullo studio del processo di assorbimento di CO2 e rigenerazione con il solvente acquoso a base di 2-ammino-2-metil-1-propanolo (AMP), la cui caratteristica principale è l’aumentata capacità di assorbimento della CO2 grazie alla formazione di un carbammato instabile. Il sistema CO2-AMP-H2O, anche in presenza di N2, è stato rappresentato in ASPEN Plus® con il modello termodinamico Electrolyte-NRTL, i cui parametri sono stati determinati in questo lavoro di tesi e validati tramite confronto con dati sperimentali di calore di assorbimento e di impianto pilota. Si è proceduto poi alla simulazione del processo per rimozione della CO2 da gas esausti di impianti di potenza, con relative analisi parametriche per determinare la soluzione migliore e a un confronto con il tradizionale solvente a base di MEA. I risultati mostrano che il modello sviluppato è uno strumento valido per simulare il processo di assorbimento con AMP.
Thermodynamic modeling and process simulation of a AMP based solvent for post combustion CO2 removal
Vattimo, Sabrina
2019/2020
Abstract
Carbon Capture and Storage (CSS) technologies represent a promising way to reach the targets for reducing CO2 in the near future. To this aim, the most developed technologies for post-combustion capture processes are based on amine solvents, however they are characterized by large energy requirements for solvent regeneration, which is a main issue. This thesis focuses on the study of the process of CO2 absorption and solvent regeneration with an aqueous solvent based on 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), whose main characteristic is the enhanced absorption capacity of CO2 due to unstable carbamate formation. The CO2-AMP-H2O system, even in the presence of N2, was represented in ASPEN Plus® with the Electrolyte-NRTL thermodynamic model, whose parameters were determined in this thesis work and validated by comparison with experimental data of heat absorption and from a pilot plant. A further step was the simulation of the process of CO2 removal from flue gases of power plants, with a related parametric study to determine the best solution and a comparison with the traditional MEA solvent. Results show that the developed model is a valid tool to simulate the absorption process with AMP.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/166028