The purpose of this research is to analyze the characteristics of digital transformation and the impact it has had on what could be defined as “traditional” sectors, namely sectors who have not been created by the digital revolution but were preexistent to it and had to adapt to the demands of an ever-changing world. The analysis was performed firstly by defining what digital transformation is, as opposed to mere digitization or digitalization, pointing out how such transformation doesn’t consist in the mere incorporation of digital technologies into an already existing model but implies a comprehensive change that leads to the development of a new business model, with digital technologies as the catalyst. The research then analyzed which drivers propel such transformation, namely which triggers, internal or external, convince an organization to engage in a digital transformation. Such a deep change doesn’t usually happen without incidents: there are usually challenges that have to be overcome in order to achieve a successful model. They can concern both economic and strategic aspects and human capital and are usually the product of the natural resistance of a company to change the way it has kept going for decades or centuries and the difficulties to adapt to radical changes. Having analyzed digital transformation in general terms, the research then proceeds to examine how traditional sectors relate to it. This part starts by investigating how extensive academic literature has been on the topic and which subjects were most considered and which left behind, in order to consider whether there is a correlation between the level of academic interest for a sector and its level of digital transformation. The research concludes with the analysis of one such “traditional” sectors to discover how it has embarked in the digital transformation journey. The chosen sector was healthcare for the high attention academic literature has always devoted to it and for the interesting changes such sector has adopted in recent years, which make reasonable to believe more profound changes will be implemented in the years to come.
Scopo di questa ricerca è analizzare le caratteristiche della digital transformation e l'impatto che essa ha avuto sui settori “tradizionali”, ossia i settori che non sono stati creati dalla digital revolution ma sono preesistenti ad essa ed hanno dovuto adattarsi alle esigenze di un mondo in evoluzione. La presente analisi contempla innanzitutto una definizione di digital transformation, fenomeno che deve essere distinto dalla semplice digitization o digitalization. Essa infatti non consiste nella mera incorporazione di tecnologie digitali in un modello già esistente, ma implica un cambiamento globale che porta allo sviluppo di un nuovo modello di business, con le tecnologie digitali come catalizzatore. Si è poi provveduto ad analizzare quali siano i driver che fungono da propulsori della trasformazione, ossia quali siano gli elementi che spingono un’impresa ad imbarcarsi in una digital transformation. Un cambiamento così profondo raramente avviene senza incidenti. Le difficoltà possono riguardare aspetti economici e strategici oppure il capitale umano e solitamente sono il prodotto della naturale resistenza di un'azienda a cambiare il modo in cui ha condotto la propria attività per decenni. La presente ricerca ha poi voluto esaminare il modo in cui i settori c.d. tradizionali si relazionano ad esso. Tale approfondimento è iniziato con un’analisi sulla letteratura accademica in materia, volta a comprendere quali siano stati gli argomenti di maggior interesse e quali invece siano stati lasciati ai margini, al fine di comprendere se vi sia una correlazione tra il livello di interesse del mondo accademico per un settore e il suo livello di trasformazione digitale. Si è poi proceduto analizzando in profondità uno dei settori "tradizionali" per scoprire come esso abbia affrontato la digital transformation ed in che misura sia riuscito a realizzarla. Il settore scelto è stato l'assistenza sanitaria sia per l’elevata attenzione che la letteratura accademica gli ha sempre dedicato sia per gli interessanti cambiamenti che esso ha adottato negli ultimi anni, cambiamenti che rendono ragionevole predire il sopraggiungere di mutamenti più profondi negli anni a venire.
Digital transformation in traditional sectors : a literature review
Sesenna, Lorenzo
2019/2020
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to analyze the characteristics of digital transformation and the impact it has had on what could be defined as “traditional” sectors, namely sectors who have not been created by the digital revolution but were preexistent to it and had to adapt to the demands of an ever-changing world. The analysis was performed firstly by defining what digital transformation is, as opposed to mere digitization or digitalization, pointing out how such transformation doesn’t consist in the mere incorporation of digital technologies into an already existing model but implies a comprehensive change that leads to the development of a new business model, with digital technologies as the catalyst. The research then analyzed which drivers propel such transformation, namely which triggers, internal or external, convince an organization to engage in a digital transformation. Such a deep change doesn’t usually happen without incidents: there are usually challenges that have to be overcome in order to achieve a successful model. They can concern both economic and strategic aspects and human capital and are usually the product of the natural resistance of a company to change the way it has kept going for decades or centuries and the difficulties to adapt to radical changes. Having analyzed digital transformation in general terms, the research then proceeds to examine how traditional sectors relate to it. This part starts by investigating how extensive academic literature has been on the topic and which subjects were most considered and which left behind, in order to consider whether there is a correlation between the level of academic interest for a sector and its level of digital transformation. The research concludes with the analysis of one such “traditional” sectors to discover how it has embarked in the digital transformation journey. The chosen sector was healthcare for the high attention academic literature has always devoted to it and for the interesting changes such sector has adopted in recent years, which make reasonable to believe more profound changes will be implemented in the years to come.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/167061