The production of waste in the world is estimated between 7 and 10 billion tons per year and only 30% of them is recorded in the statistical analysis. Only 30% of the total amount of waste produced is managed through recovery treatments like recycling or incineration with the objective to produce new materials or energy; the remaining part is managed by disposal treatments. The waste generation trend of the recent years shows that amount of waste could lead to an increase up to 70% by 2050. The concept of circular economy was born precisely to analyze and to solve these problems. The studies in the circular economy sector try to find the possibility to establish an economic system in which the only value of products is the consumption for its own sake and to embrace a new economy in which products are always re-introduced into production cycles to eliminate the waste production. This study aims at analyzing the economic, energetic and environmental impacts of circular economy interventions applied to the Italian economic system. The tool developed for this purpose is a Waste-Supply Use Analysis model. It is derived from the integration of national Input-Output tables with environmental extension and the waste management measured in monetary and physical terms. The database used for the derivation of the model is the result of the elaboration of Eurostat tables harmonized with database as EXIOBASE and SimaPro. This study is going to analyze three scenarios related to the circular economy interventions: the scenario 1 includes the increasing of the amount of waste treated by recycling and the decreasing of the same quantity treated by incineration and landfill; the scenario 2 refers to the increasing of the same quantity of waste treated in the scenario 1 by incineration and the correlated decreasing of the waste treated by recycling; the scenario 3 describes the application of a real existed Italian policy that defines the reaching of specific recycling packaging targets. The comparison between the scenarios shows how in the first and in the third cases varies the amount of materials recovered such as secondary raw materials and its impacts in the overall economic system. In the second scenario it is registered an increase of the materials for the energy production through incineration and its impacts in the energetic and emissions sectors.
La produzione di rifiuti nel mondo è stimata tra 7 e 10 miliardi di tonnellate all’anno; di questi solo il 30% è registrato nelle analisi statistiche. Di tutti i rifiuti prodotti, soltanto il 30% viene gestito tramite operazioni di recupero in termini di produzione di nuovi materiali o produzione di energia; la restante parte viene gestita da trattamenti di smaltimento. L’andamento della produzione di rifiuti degli ultimi anni mostra come il tasso di incremento annuale potrebbe portare ad un incremento dei rifiuti fino al 70% entro il 2050. Il concetto di economia circolare nasce proprio per analizzare e risolvere questi problemi. Si cerca dunque di abbandonare un sistema economico in cui l’unico valore dei prodotti è il consumo fine a sé stesso e di abbracciare un’economia in cui i prodotti sono sempre reimmessi nei cicli produttivi così da eliminare la produzione di rifiuti. Questo studio ha l’obiettivo di analizzare gli impatti in termini economici, energetici e ambientali degli interventi di economia circolare applicati al sistema economico italiano. Lo strumento sviluppato per tale scopo è un modello Waste-Supply Use, derivato dall’integrazione di tavole Input-Output nazionali con estensioni ambientali e dati di produzione e gestione dei flussi di rifiuti in termini monetari e fisici. I database utilizzati per la derivazione del modello sono frutto dell’elaborazione di tavole Eurostat armonizzate con database tra i quali EXIOBASE e SimaPro. Nel presente studio sono analizzati tre scenari riguardanti l’analisi di interventi economici: lo scenario 1 include l’incremento della quantità di rifiuti trattati da processi di riciclo e la diminuzione della stessa quantità da processi di incenerimento e discarica, lo scenario 2 riguarda l’incremento netto della stessa quantità di rifiuti dello scenario 1, trattati in questo caso dall’incenerimento a discapito di trattamenti di riciclo; lo scenario 3 si riferisce all’applicazione di una policy italiana riguardante il raggiungimento di obbiettivi specifici relativi al riciclo di rifiuti da imballaggio. Il confronto tra gli scenari mostra come nel primo e nel terzo caso varia la quantità di materiali recuperati dai rifiuti prodotti e reimmessi nei processi produttivi e di conseguenza come cambia il consumo di risorse dell’intero sistema economico; nel secondo caso invece aumenta la produzione di energia ottenuta dalla termovalorizzazione e di conseguenza si modifica la produzione del sistema energetico italiano che presenta variazioni nelle emissioni prodotte.
Development and application of a waste supply-use model : assessing the impact of circular economy interventions in Italy
LAGOTANA, MATTIA
2019/2020
Abstract
The production of waste in the world is estimated between 7 and 10 billion tons per year and only 30% of them is recorded in the statistical analysis. Only 30% of the total amount of waste produced is managed through recovery treatments like recycling or incineration with the objective to produce new materials or energy; the remaining part is managed by disposal treatments. The waste generation trend of the recent years shows that amount of waste could lead to an increase up to 70% by 2050. The concept of circular economy was born precisely to analyze and to solve these problems. The studies in the circular economy sector try to find the possibility to establish an economic system in which the only value of products is the consumption for its own sake and to embrace a new economy in which products are always re-introduced into production cycles to eliminate the waste production. This study aims at analyzing the economic, energetic and environmental impacts of circular economy interventions applied to the Italian economic system. The tool developed for this purpose is a Waste-Supply Use Analysis model. It is derived from the integration of national Input-Output tables with environmental extension and the waste management measured in monetary and physical terms. The database used for the derivation of the model is the result of the elaboration of Eurostat tables harmonized with database as EXIOBASE and SimaPro. This study is going to analyze three scenarios related to the circular economy interventions: the scenario 1 includes the increasing of the amount of waste treated by recycling and the decreasing of the same quantity treated by incineration and landfill; the scenario 2 refers to the increasing of the same quantity of waste treated in the scenario 1 by incineration and the correlated decreasing of the waste treated by recycling; the scenario 3 describes the application of a real existed Italian policy that defines the reaching of specific recycling packaging targets. The comparison between the scenarios shows how in the first and in the third cases varies the amount of materials recovered such as secondary raw materials and its impacts in the overall economic system. In the second scenario it is registered an increase of the materials for the energy production through incineration and its impacts in the energetic and emissions sectors.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: Development and Application of a Waste Supply-Use model: assessing the impact of Circular Economy interventions in Italy.
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/167314