In this work the mechanical behavior of fiber reinforced composite materials with carbon nano-tubes (CNTs) dispersed in the resin (nFRC) is investigated and compared to the same composite without nanotubes reinforcement (FRC). The material studied, made with epoxy resin and reinforced with woven carbon fabrics, was first characterized with tensile tests on standard specimens in the warp and bias direction and on notched coupons; the tests were equipped with full-scale strain field optic measurements, using LIMESS digital image correlation system, and with acoustic emission registration (VALLEN system). The influence of carbon nanotubes was, moreover, investigated with the compression response of hemispherical composite components, completely produced during the period spent in MTM Department K. University of Leuven (Belgium). The mechanical properties of the material in the warp direction both for standard and notched specimens are negligibly influenced by CNTs, while a slight improvement is observed on the Young modulus and strength in the bias direction. The damage initiation doesn’t show any delay for in nFRC the warp direction, while it seems to be anticipated in the bias direction. The preliminary activity on the three-dimensional composite components was the measurement of the shear angle distribution. This is a relevant information to understand the variation of the material principal directions and, as consequence, of the mechanical properties. The quality assessment of the material was performed through microscopic observations. The hemispherical components had an elevated density of pores , which is related to production features and methodology. The results of the compression tests do not show relevant differences between the components with and without CNTs in the matrix. These results could be the consequence of two causes: - the porosity observed in the materials; - the inhomogeneous dispersion of CNTs in the epoxy resin, as observed with microscopic investigations.
Questo elaborato di tesi si concentra sullo studio delle propretià meccaniche di materiali compositi fibrorinforzati contenenti nanotubi di carbonio dispersi all’interno della resina, confrontate con quelle dello stesso composito senza nanorinforzi. Il materiale in esame, costituito da resina epossidica e rinforzato con un tessuto di fibre di carbonio, è stato caratterizzato con prove di trazione sia in direzione dell’ordito che di bias, su provini standard e forati. Le prove sono state effettuate con l’ausilio di tecniche di correlazione di immagine per le misure di strain field e con registrazioni di emissioni acustiche. Inoltre è stata studiata l’influenza dei nanotubi di carbonio nella risposta a compressione di componenti semisferici, prodotti interamente durante il periodo speso presso il Dipartimento MTM della Katholieke Universiteit di Leuven (Belgio). Dalle misure effettuate, si osserva che i nanotubi di carbonio hanno un’influenza trascurabile sulle proprietà meccaniche del materiale nella direzione dell’ordito dei provini sia standard che forati, mentre si può notare un leggero miglioramento nel modulo di Young e nella resistenza a trazione nella direzione di bias. L’inizio del danneggiamento non subisce alcun ritardo nel materiale nanorinforzato sollecitato nella direzione dell’ordito, mentre sembra addirittura anticipato nella direzione di bias. La prima analisi effettuata sui componenti semisferici, è stata in misurata la distribuzione di shear angles; questa è un’informazione molto rilevante per capire la variazione delle direzioni principali del materiale e, di conseguenza, delle proprietà meccaniche. E’ stata anche eseguita un’analisi al microscopio ottico per valutare la qualità della produzione del materiale: componenti semisferici hanno un’elevata porosità legata ad aspetti produttivi della metodologia utilizzata, che ha provocato un deterioramento delle prestazioni meccaniche. Il risultato dei test di compressione non mostra differenze rilevanti fra i componenti con e senza nanotubi. Questo risultato può essere la conseguenza di due cause: - la porosità osservata nel materiale; - la dispersione disomogenea di nanotubi di carbonio, come mostrano osservazioni al microscopio sulla resina nanorinforzata.
Production and mechanical characterization of CNTs reinforced composite hemispherical components
BOSETTI, CATERINA
2009/2010
Abstract
In this work the mechanical behavior of fiber reinforced composite materials with carbon nano-tubes (CNTs) dispersed in the resin (nFRC) is investigated and compared to the same composite without nanotubes reinforcement (FRC). The material studied, made with epoxy resin and reinforced with woven carbon fabrics, was first characterized with tensile tests on standard specimens in the warp and bias direction and on notched coupons; the tests were equipped with full-scale strain field optic measurements, using LIMESS digital image correlation system, and with acoustic emission registration (VALLEN system). The influence of carbon nanotubes was, moreover, investigated with the compression response of hemispherical composite components, completely produced during the period spent in MTM Department K. University of Leuven (Belgium). The mechanical properties of the material in the warp direction both for standard and notched specimens are negligibly influenced by CNTs, while a slight improvement is observed on the Young modulus and strength in the bias direction. The damage initiation doesn’t show any delay for in nFRC the warp direction, while it seems to be anticipated in the bias direction. The preliminary activity on the three-dimensional composite components was the measurement of the shear angle distribution. This is a relevant information to understand the variation of the material principal directions and, as consequence, of the mechanical properties. The quality assessment of the material was performed through microscopic observations. The hemispherical components had an elevated density of pores , which is related to production features and methodology. The results of the compression tests do not show relevant differences between the components with and without CNTs in the matrix. These results could be the consequence of two causes: - the porosity observed in the materials; - the inhomogeneous dispersion of CNTs in the epoxy resin, as observed with microscopic investigations.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/16867