In the last decades, the way of working faced several changes. Organizations and individuals started adapting to the new way of perceiving work due to digitalization and globalization by introducing the concept of Smart Working. In this thesis, the phenomenon of Virtual Teams, as a facet of Smart Working, and its impact on individuals are presented with the final aim of providing guidelines for organizations in order to boost the effectiveness and the results that can be obtained by the new reality. Companies must be aware that members of Virtual Teams usually work under lower social control than members of traditional teams, given the higher distance of other team members. Thus, the members of Virtual Teams need high levels of conscientiousness in order to prevent them from exploiting the autonomy and flexibility provided by their organisations. As a company, one should understand if the application of Virtual Teams, as a lever of Smart Working, is affecting your employees in a positive way, and which levers must be leveraged in order to continuously apply Virtual Teams effectively. The empirical study is performed to be organization-oriented in order to verify, through a questionnaire, if there is a relationship between the application of Virtual Teams and the level of work engagement and individual performance. To explain the relation, a model is built starting from a detailed literature analysis, by considering the mediating effect of well-being, work-life balance and work pressure. Moreover, the human side of people is taken into account by considering team-working competences, creativity, authenticity and responsiveness as moderating variables of the model. Politecnico di Milano and its students of the faculty of Management Engineering has been chosen as a sample in order to test the theoretical model. After a statistical validation, this study supports the initial hypothesis that Virtual Teams, through the influence of the mediating variables, can affect work engagement and performance of individuals.
Negli ultimi decenni, il modo di lavorare ha subito diversi cambiamenti: sia organizzazioni che gli individui al loro interno hanno iniziato ad adattarsi al nuovo modo di percepire il lavoro causato dalla digitalizzazione e dalla globalizzazione che ha portato all’introduzione del concetto di Smart Working. In questa tesi viene presentato il fenomeno dei Virtual Team, come sfaccettatura dello Smart Working, e il suo impatto sugli individui, con l'obiettivo finale di fornire linee guida per le organizzazioni al fine di aumentare l'efficacia e i risultati che possono essere ottenuti da queste nuove realtà. Le aziende devono essere consapevoli che i membri dei team virtuali tendono a lavorare con un controllo sociale inferiore rispetto ai membri dei team tradizionali, data la maggiore distanza dagli altri membri del team. Pertanto, i membri dei team virtuali necessitano di alti livelli di coscienziosità per impedire loro di sfruttare l'autonomia e la flessibilità fornite dalle loro organizzazioni. Come azienda, si dovrebbe capire se l'applicazione dei Virtual Team, come leva dello Smart Working, sta influenzando positivamente i propri dipendenti e quali leve devono essere sfruttate per applicare i Virtual Team in modo efficace e continuativo. Lo studio empirico di questa tesi ha il fine di verifica, attraverso dati raccolti da un questionario, se esiste una relazione tra l'applicazione dei Virtual Team e il livello di impegno lavorativo e le prestazioni individuali. Per spiegare la relazione, è stato costruito un modello partendo da un'analisi dettagliata della letteratura che considera l'effetto mediatore delle variabili well-being, work-life balance e work pressure. Inoltre, il lato umano delle persone viene preso in considerazione considerando le competenze di lavoro in team, la creatività, l'autenticità e la reattività come variabili moderatrici del modello. Il Politecnico di Milano e i suoi studenti della Facoltà di Ingegneria Gestionale sono stati scelti come campione per testare il modello teorico. Dopo la validazione statistica, questo studio supporta l'ipotesi iniziale che i Virtual Teams, attraverso l'influenza delle variabili di mediazione, possono influenzare l'impegno lavorativo e le prestazioni degli individui.
The effect of virtual teams on work engagement and individual performance
Merli, Sara
2019/2020
Abstract
In the last decades, the way of working faced several changes. Organizations and individuals started adapting to the new way of perceiving work due to digitalization and globalization by introducing the concept of Smart Working. In this thesis, the phenomenon of Virtual Teams, as a facet of Smart Working, and its impact on individuals are presented with the final aim of providing guidelines for organizations in order to boost the effectiveness and the results that can be obtained by the new reality. Companies must be aware that members of Virtual Teams usually work under lower social control than members of traditional teams, given the higher distance of other team members. Thus, the members of Virtual Teams need high levels of conscientiousness in order to prevent them from exploiting the autonomy and flexibility provided by their organisations. As a company, one should understand if the application of Virtual Teams, as a lever of Smart Working, is affecting your employees in a positive way, and which levers must be leveraged in order to continuously apply Virtual Teams effectively. The empirical study is performed to be organization-oriented in order to verify, through a questionnaire, if there is a relationship between the application of Virtual Teams and the level of work engagement and individual performance. To explain the relation, a model is built starting from a detailed literature analysis, by considering the mediating effect of well-being, work-life balance and work pressure. Moreover, the human side of people is taken into account by considering team-working competences, creativity, authenticity and responsiveness as moderating variables of the model. Politecnico di Milano and its students of the faculty of Management Engineering has been chosen as a sample in order to test the theoretical model. After a statistical validation, this study supports the initial hypothesis that Virtual Teams, through the influence of the mediating variables, can affect work engagement and performance of individuals.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Sara, Merli_Thesis.pdf
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Descrizione: Master Thesis
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/169662