Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as stroke, are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels. Cardiovascular computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models are useful tools to analyse the hemodynamic flow in the arteries in order to investigate the aetiology of CVDs. In this study, a CFD model has been employed to simulate the hemodynamic flow in the aorta and in the supra-aortic branches which supply the brain. The aorta has been modelled as a rigid body. A particular attention was dedicated to the formulation of the boundary conditions since they have to reproduce the part of the cardiovascular system excluded from the computational domain. The analysis of hemodynamic parameters of interest has been performed through the use of Tecplot 360 and MATLAB. The flowrate distribution obtained is consistent to physiological one. According to evidences found in literature, the descending aorta backflow and the diastolic backflow from the supra-aortic branches into the aortic arch have been investigated as potential mechanism of atherosclerotic plaque carrying (stroke mechanism). The results obtained are in agreement with expectations but are still preliminary, due to the several simplifying assumptions made.
Le malattie cardiovascolari (CVDs) sono un gruppo di patologie che colpiscono il cuore e/o l’intero sistema di vasi sanguigni dell’organismo. I modelli computazionali di fluidodinamica cardiovascolare sono un importante strumento per poter analizzare il flusso ematico nelle arterie, in modo da comprendere l’eziologia delle malattie cardiovascolari. In questo studio, è stato utilizzato un modello di fluidodinamica computazionale per simulare il flusso ematico nell’aorta e nei rami sopra-aortici, responsabili della perfusione dell’encefalo. La parete aortica è stata assunta mono-stratificata e rigida. Particolare attenzione è stata dedicata all’imposizione delle condizioni al contorno, dal momento che queste devono riprodurre l’effetto della parte del sistema cardiovascolare escluso dal dominio. L’analisi dei parametri emodinamici di interesse è stata effettuata mediante l’utilizzo dei software Tecplot 360 e MATLAB. La distribuzione di flusso ottenuta tra i diversi rami è consistente con quella fisiologica. Conformemente agli studi presenti in letteratura, è stata indagata la presenza di flusso retrogrado nella porzione discendente del vaso e nei tre rami sopra aortici, dal momento che questi sono potenziali meccanismi di trasporto di placche aterosclerotiche e quindi possibili cause di ictus per il paziente. I risultati ottenuti hanno rispecchiato i risultati attesi. Tuttavia, a causa delle assunzioni fatte rimangono risultati preliminari.
Numerical model for the evaluation of the aortic arch hemodynamics
Carfora, Ludovica
2019/2020
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as stroke, are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels. Cardiovascular computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models are useful tools to analyse the hemodynamic flow in the arteries in order to investigate the aetiology of CVDs. In this study, a CFD model has been employed to simulate the hemodynamic flow in the aorta and in the supra-aortic branches which supply the brain. The aorta has been modelled as a rigid body. A particular attention was dedicated to the formulation of the boundary conditions since they have to reproduce the part of the cardiovascular system excluded from the computational domain. The analysis of hemodynamic parameters of interest has been performed through the use of Tecplot 360 and MATLAB. The flowrate distribution obtained is consistent to physiological one. According to evidences found in literature, the descending aorta backflow and the diastolic backflow from the supra-aortic branches into the aortic arch have been investigated as potential mechanism of atherosclerotic plaque carrying (stroke mechanism). The results obtained are in agreement with expectations but are still preliminary, due to the several simplifying assumptions made.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/170436