The interest related to the scramjet is linked to the possibility of reaching hypersonic speeds. In this context the scramjet is the most effective propulsion system as it allows to reach specific thrust higher than that of other engines. This thesis presents a part linked to the studies carried out over the years that have led to an expansion of knowledge in hypersonic propulsion. Moreover processes and characteristics of the scramjet engine are shown. In particular we focus on the thermoaerodynamic processes that develop in a scramjet, on the analysis of the cycle and of the main components and the major problems related to supersonic and hypersonic propulsion. The main part of the thesis is related to the analysis and sizing of a scramjet engine powered with two different types of fuel: one consisting of a mixture of hydrogen and air, and the other consisting of a mixture of kerosene and air. After the theoretical analysis, the results were compared with those obtained from two successful flights: that of performed by the scramjet engine in the X-43 A that used hydrogen fuel and reached nominal Mach number around 7 in 2004, and that of X-51 A which used kerosene-based hydrocarbon JP-7 jet fuel that flight at around Mach 5 for about 200 seconds. Before this, a description of hypersonic test facility at CNR-ICMATE, Milano, Gas Dynamics and Combustion Laboratory is performed.
L'interesse relativo allo scramjet è legato alla possibilità di raggiungere velocità ipersoniche. In questo contesto lo scramjet è il sistema propulsivo più efficace in quanto permette di raggiungere una spinta specifica superiore a quella di altri motori. Questa tesi presenta una parte legata agli studi effettuati negli anni che hanno portato ad un ampliamento delle conoscenze nella propulsione ipersonica. Inoltre vengono mostrati i processi e le caratteristiche del motore scramjet. In particolare si concentra sui processi termoaerodinamici che si sviluppano in uno scramjet, sull'analisi del ciclo e delle principali componenti e sulle maggiori problematiche legate alla propulsione supersonica e ipersonica. La parte principale della tesi è relativa all'analisi e al dimensionamento di un motore scramjet alimentato con due diversi tipi di carburante: uno costituito da una miscela di idrogeno e aria, e l'altro costituito da una miscela di cherosene e aria. Dopo l'analisi teorica, i risultati sono stati confrontati con quelli ottenuti da due voli avvenuti con successo: quello eseguito dal motore scramjet dell'X-43 A che utilizzava carburante a idrogeno e ha raggiunto il numero di Mach nominale intorno a 7 nel 2004, e quello dell'X-51 A che utilizzava un idrocarburo JP-7 a base di cherosene e ha raggiunto Mach 5 per circa 200 secondi. Prima di questo, viene eseguita una descrizione del laboratorio di prova ipersonica presso CNR-ICMATE, Milano, Laboratorio di dinamica e combustione dei gas.
Performance evaluation of a scramjet engine in steady hypersonic flight
RIVOLTA, FABIO
2019/2020
Abstract
The interest related to the scramjet is linked to the possibility of reaching hypersonic speeds. In this context the scramjet is the most effective propulsion system as it allows to reach specific thrust higher than that of other engines. This thesis presents a part linked to the studies carried out over the years that have led to an expansion of knowledge in hypersonic propulsion. Moreover processes and characteristics of the scramjet engine are shown. In particular we focus on the thermoaerodynamic processes that develop in a scramjet, on the analysis of the cycle and of the main components and the major problems related to supersonic and hypersonic propulsion. The main part of the thesis is related to the analysis and sizing of a scramjet engine powered with two different types of fuel: one consisting of a mixture of hydrogen and air, and the other consisting of a mixture of kerosene and air. After the theoretical analysis, the results were compared with those obtained from two successful flights: that of performed by the scramjet engine in the X-43 A that used hydrogen fuel and reached nominal Mach number around 7 in 2004, and that of X-51 A which used kerosene-based hydrocarbon JP-7 jet fuel that flight at around Mach 5 for about 200 seconds. Before this, a description of hypersonic test facility at CNR-ICMATE, Milano, Gas Dynamics and Combustion Laboratory is performed.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
THESIS_RIVOLTA.pdf
solo utenti autorizzati dal 26/11/2021
Dimensione
5.14 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
5.14 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/171059