The Building Sector is one of the responsible sectors for climate change, a consequence of population growth and the evolving forms of society’s housing and living. Even though it contributes up to 30% of global annual GHG emissions and consumes up to 40% of all energy, it has a great potential for delivering significant and cost-effective mitigation measures. High-performance buildings can play a crucial role also in reducing energy use, by applying energy-saving strategies. To contribute to the growing knowledge on building massing at early-stage design, the goal of this research is to study building typologies and evaluate the resulting energy performance, to answer for environmental and regulations requirements, but considering at the same level of importance daylighting levels, which impacts greatly on several buildings aspects, such as its comfort and the electricity demand for lighting. Case studies from towers, courtyards, and bars with the same floor-to-area ratio are analysed in regards to its daylighting conditions, solar potential, and energy demand, all the three indicators ranked equally. As the research finds some answers, the study is further detailed in order to reach a final answer and understand each typology's strengths and weaknesses. It will be proved that, for instance, high-rise towers have a high energy requirement while also a high solar production, which can be an interesting trade-off, considering the great daylight performance in the slender cases. Courtyards can be slightly limited in their daylight conditions while presenting a very low energy requirement. Bars seem to be the least performing typology among the three, presenting a considerably higher energy requirement with low solar capture and some daylighting limitations, mainly due to overshadowing. It is then proved that even if other passive strategies are applied on the envelope, the limitations from the massing decision follow along all the design process, and they must be carefully chosen at the early-stage to avoid resulting in poor building performance.
Il settore edilizio rappresenta uno dei principali responsabili del cambiamento climatico, dovuto principalmente all'aumento della popolazione e all'evoluzione delle forme abitative e dell'abitare contemporaneo della società . Pur contribuendo al 30% delle emissioni annuali di gas serra e al 40% della domanda di consumo energetico mondiale, esso ha tuttavia grande potenziale nel fornire misure di attenuazione efficaci sotto il profilo dei costi. Gli edifici ad alte prestazioni possono infatti giocare un ruolo cruciale nella riduzione del consumo energetico tramite l'applicazione di politiche di risparmio. L'obiettivo di questo lavoro è quello di valutare le tipologie edilizie e i loro indici di prestazione energetica, per rispondere così ad esigenze di tipo ambientali e normativo, considerando allo stesso tempo i livelli di illuminazione diurna, capaci di influenzare diversi aspetti degli edifici, come il suo comfort o la domanda di elettricità. Diverse tipologie edilizie, in particolare edifici a torre, a corte e in linea con pari indice FAR, verranno valutate in relazione a daylight, potenziale di energia solare e fabbisogno energetico. Affinando la ricerca, tale studio viene ulteriormente approfondito al fine di raggiungere ad una risposta finale, alla definizione di potenzialità e svantaggi di ciascuna tipologia. Verrà dimostrato ad esempio, che gli edifici a torre hanno un elevato fabbisogno energetico e al contempo un'elevata produzione solare; compromesso interessante, considerando le ottime prestazioni in termine di daylight. Gli edifici a corte risentono di limitazioni nelle loro condizioni di luce diurna pur avendo un fabbisogno energetico molto basso. Gli edifici in linea, invece, sembrano essere la tipologia meno efficiente tra le tre, presentando un fabbisogno energetico più elevato, scarsa capacità di captazione solare e limitazioni di luce naturale. È dimostrato che, pur applicando strategie passive sull'involucro, i limiti derivanti dalla decisione delle volumetrie caratterizzino decisamente il processo di progettazione, e dunque devono essere scelti con cura nella fase iniziale per evitare scarse prestazioni dell'edificio.
Building massing and performance : a guideline for early-stage design analysing energy demand, daylighting, and solar potential
Belmonte Monteiro, Rafaella
2019/2020
Abstract
The Building Sector is one of the responsible sectors for climate change, a consequence of population growth and the evolving forms of society’s housing and living. Even though it contributes up to 30% of global annual GHG emissions and consumes up to 40% of all energy, it has a great potential for delivering significant and cost-effective mitigation measures. High-performance buildings can play a crucial role also in reducing energy use, by applying energy-saving strategies. To contribute to the growing knowledge on building massing at early-stage design, the goal of this research is to study building typologies and evaluate the resulting energy performance, to answer for environmental and regulations requirements, but considering at the same level of importance daylighting levels, which impacts greatly on several buildings aspects, such as its comfort and the electricity demand for lighting. Case studies from towers, courtyards, and bars with the same floor-to-area ratio are analysed in regards to its daylighting conditions, solar potential, and energy demand, all the three indicators ranked equally. As the research finds some answers, the study is further detailed in order to reach a final answer and understand each typology's strengths and weaknesses. It will be proved that, for instance, high-rise towers have a high energy requirement while also a high solar production, which can be an interesting trade-off, considering the great daylight performance in the slender cases. Courtyards can be slightly limited in their daylight conditions while presenting a very low energy requirement. Bars seem to be the least performing typology among the three, presenting a considerably higher energy requirement with low solar capture and some daylighting limitations, mainly due to overshadowing. It is then proved that even if other passive strategies are applied on the envelope, the limitations from the massing decision follow along all the design process, and they must be carefully chosen at the early-stage to avoid resulting in poor building performance.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/173554