The Syrian civil war that started on 15 March 2011 resulted in the displacement of millions of people seeking refuge mostly in the neighboring countries: Turkey and Lebanon that responded to the new influx of refugees towards their territories, through policies on the spatial, social, and economic levels. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to explore the Syrian refugee shelter spaces in Turkey and Lebanon. In doing so, the thesis sheds light on the implemented policies that tackle the physical spaces. Each of the two countries pursued different paths regarding spatial policies. This had been linked with their past experiences in addition to security and political reasons. The Lebanese government’s long history with Palestinian camps played a key role in rejecting the establishment of official refugee camps for Syrians. Hence, implemented a no-camp policy. On the other hand, the Turkish government, a signatory state of the 1951 convention, a cornerstone of refugee protection, chose to set up formal refugee camps. This decision is mainly associated with security reasons and historical experiences in hosting refugees. The impacts of the camp and no-camp policies are reflected in the shelter spaces typologies. Therefore, Syrians are forced to live in 3 categories; residential, non-residential, and non-permanent shelters. This work of research contributes to explore these places of displacement that emerged out of the two main policies by examining concrete examples, focusing on Turkey’s formal refugee camps and Lebanon’s spontaneous informal settlements with the intention of understanding their socio-spatial aspects and the hierarchy of the stakeholders involved.
La guerra civile siriana, iniziata il 15 marzo 2011, ha provocato lo spostamento di milioni di persone, innanzitutto nei paesi vicini alla Siria, come la Turchia e il Libano. Questi due Stati hanno risposto ai nuovi arrivi di rifugiati attraverso politiche diverse nella loro dimensione territoriale, sociale ed economica. L’obiettivo di questa ricerca è quello di esplorare gli spazi dove vivono oggi i rifugiati siriani in Turchia e in Libano e, attraverso questi, trattare le politiche messe in atto. Turchia e Libano hanno adottato politiche territoriali diverse, assumendo approcci riconducibili alla storia dei due paesi, oltre che a ragioni politiche e di sicurezza. La storica e complessa esperienza libanese con i campi destinati alla popolazione palestinese ha giocato un ruolo chiave nel rifiuto formale del governo a istituire sul territorio campi, per i rifugiati siriani; il Libano ha quindi formalmente adottato una no-camp policy. Dall’altra parte, il governo turco, firmatario della Convenzione di Ginevra del 1951 –accordo fondamentale per il riconoscimento dello status di rifugiato–, ha provveduto formalmente alla costruzione di veri e propri campi. Una decisione in continuità con l’esperienza del paese in ambito di immigrazione e legata a ragioni securitarie. Gli impatti delle politiche camp and no-camp si riflettono nelle diverse tipologie di spazi in cui oggi vivono i rifugiati siriani nei due paesi. In particolare, si distinguono tre situazioni: spazi formalmente residenziali, spazi non residenziali e soluzioni non permanenti. Questo lavoro di ricerca contribuisce a esplorare questi luoghi, che emergono da due politiche diverse, e che sono analizzati attraverso la considerazione di campi profughi formali in Turchia e di insediamenti informali e spontanei in Libano, con l’intento di comprenderne gli aspetti socio-spaziali e gli attori coinvolti.
Camp and no-camp policy : exploring the Syrian refugee shelter spaces in Turkey and Lebanon
Dogru, Begumsu;Bou Issa, Emilie
2019/2020
Abstract
The Syrian civil war that started on 15 March 2011 resulted in the displacement of millions of people seeking refuge mostly in the neighboring countries: Turkey and Lebanon that responded to the new influx of refugees towards their territories, through policies on the spatial, social, and economic levels. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to explore the Syrian refugee shelter spaces in Turkey and Lebanon. In doing so, the thesis sheds light on the implemented policies that tackle the physical spaces. Each of the two countries pursued different paths regarding spatial policies. This had been linked with their past experiences in addition to security and political reasons. The Lebanese government’s long history with Palestinian camps played a key role in rejecting the establishment of official refugee camps for Syrians. Hence, implemented a no-camp policy. On the other hand, the Turkish government, a signatory state of the 1951 convention, a cornerstone of refugee protection, chose to set up formal refugee camps. This decision is mainly associated with security reasons and historical experiences in hosting refugees. The impacts of the camp and no-camp policies are reflected in the shelter spaces typologies. Therefore, Syrians are forced to live in 3 categories; residential, non-residential, and non-permanent shelters. This work of research contributes to explore these places of displacement that emerged out of the two main policies by examining concrete examples, focusing on Turkey’s formal refugee camps and Lebanon’s spontaneous informal settlements with the intention of understanding their socio-spatial aspects and the hierarchy of the stakeholders involved.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
2020_12_Bou Issa_Dogru.pdf
non accessibile
Descrizione: Thesis file
Dimensione
43.4 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
43.4 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/175301