The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, which has affected the whole world since the beginning of 2020, has not only radically changed our lives, but has forced all countries to resort to unprecedented measures to tackle the spread of the virus. Borders between states have been closed, lockdowns have been called in most countries, entire economic sectors have been completely paralyzed. Although the measures adopted by the various countries have been different, they have all been clearly affected by undeniable economic and financial repercussions. This research project intends to study the impact of the containment measures adopted by the different countries in the Euro area from March 2020. An approach based on multilayer networks was used to assess whether the similarity in the measures taken by the different European States was then translated into an equal similarity in the impact recorded from the economic and financial point of view. In this research project, we show that when macroeconomic and financial indicators are analysed, the specificity of the containment measures adopted by the single countries is not enough to explain the collective behaviour resulting in the interaction between States. Indeed, despite the different restrictions taken, the macroeconomic indicators studied show a comparable trend in each EU Member State under analysis: this leads the structure of interactions between countries constant over time and mainly independent from the similarities as regards the restrictions adopted, both from a topological and a dynamical point of view. More clearly the impact of the measures adopted can be seen on the financial instruments, namely the Financial Indices and 10Y Government Bonds. In this case, indeed, the structure of the layers shows higher topological correlation with the restrictions adopted, even though, due to the complexity of the phenomenon, the relation among countries cannot be simply explained as a direct consequence of the similarities between the measures adopted and indeed the correlation values, except few cases, were however still low.
Lo scoppio della pandemia Covid-19 all'inizio del 2020, non solo ha cambiato radicalmente le nostre vite, ma ha costretto tutte gli Stati a ricorrere a misure senza precedenti per contrastare la diffusione del virus. Le frontiere tra gli stati sono state chiuse, misure di lockdown sono state attivate nella maggior parte delle Nazioni, interi settori economici sono stati completamente paralizzati. Nonostante le misure adottate dai vari Paesi siano state diverse, tutti hanno hanno subito gravi ricadute economiche e finanziarie. Questo progetto di ricerca intende studiare l'impatto delle misure di contenimento adottate a partire da marzo 2020 dai diversi Paesi dell'area Euro. È stato utilizzato un approccio basato su multilayer networks per valutare se similarità nelle misure adottate dai diversi Stati europei sia stata poi tradotta in pari similarità nell'impatto registrato dal punto di vista economico e finanziario. In questa trattazione, si evidenzia che, analizzando gli indicatori macroeconomici e finanziari, la specificità delle misure di contenimento adottate dai singoli Paesi non è sufficiente per gustificare i comportamenti collettivi risultanti nell'interazione trai vari Stati. Infatti, nonostante le diverse restrizioni adottate, gli indicatori macroeconomici studiati mostrano un andamento comparabile in ciascuno Stato considerato in analisi: ciò fa si che la struttura delle interazioni tra paesi rimanga costante nel tempo e pressoché indipendente dalle similarità per quanto riguarda le restrizioni adottate sia da un punto di vista topologico che dinamico. L'impatto delle misure di restrizione adottate può essere visto più chiaramente sugli strumenti finanziari: Indici Finanziari e i Titoli di Stato a 10 anni. In questo caso la struttura dei layer mostra una maggiore correlazione con i vincoli adottati dal punto di vista topologico. A causa della complessità del fenomeno, tuttavia, il rapporto tra Paesi non può essere semplicemente spiegato come conseguenza diretta delle similarità delle misure adottate e anzi, salvo pochi casi evidenziati, i valori di correlazione rimangono comunque sufficientemente bassi.
Economic and financial implications of the Covid-19 pandemic : a multiplex network approach
Ceriotti, Chiara;Della Torre, Marco
2020/2021
Abstract
The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, which has affected the whole world since the beginning of 2020, has not only radically changed our lives, but has forced all countries to resort to unprecedented measures to tackle the spread of the virus. Borders between states have been closed, lockdowns have been called in most countries, entire economic sectors have been completely paralyzed. Although the measures adopted by the various countries have been different, they have all been clearly affected by undeniable economic and financial repercussions. This research project intends to study the impact of the containment measures adopted by the different countries in the Euro area from March 2020. An approach based on multilayer networks was used to assess whether the similarity in the measures taken by the different European States was then translated into an equal similarity in the impact recorded from the economic and financial point of view. In this research project, we show that when macroeconomic and financial indicators are analysed, the specificity of the containment measures adopted by the single countries is not enough to explain the collective behaviour resulting in the interaction between States. Indeed, despite the different restrictions taken, the macroeconomic indicators studied show a comparable trend in each EU Member State under analysis: this leads the structure of interactions between countries constant over time and mainly independent from the similarities as regards the restrictions adopted, both from a topological and a dynamical point of view. More clearly the impact of the measures adopted can be seen on the financial instruments, namely the Financial Indices and 10Y Government Bonds. In this case, indeed, the structure of the layers shows higher topological correlation with the restrictions adopted, even though, due to the complexity of the phenomenon, the relation among countries cannot be simply explained as a direct consequence of the similarities between the measures adopted and indeed the correlation values, except few cases, were however still low.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/175419